Suchergebnisse

Despite extending its sphere of influence in the region, Pakistan has seen the negative consequences of its pro-Taliban position come to outweigh the benefits: the expansion of globally minded terrorists in the region such as Osama bin Laden & his followers; the detrimental effects of transborder smuggling; & international approbation. Pakistan's strategies & motives for supporting the Taliban are elucidated, with particular reference to the Pakistani-Indian conflicts, the function of the madrasas, & the role of ethnic as well as sectarian interests. Problems of ideological & administrative coherence in the Taliban itself are also examined. K. Coddon

Despite extending its sphere of influence in the region, Pakistan has seen the negative consequences of its pro-Taliban position come to outweigh the benefits: the expansion of globally minded terrorists in the region such as Osama bin Laden & his followers; the detrimental effects of transborder smuggling; & international approbation. Pakistan's strategies & motives for supporting the Taliban are elucidated, with particular reference to the Pakistani-Indian conflicts, the function of the madrasas, & the role of ethnic as well as sectarian interests. Problems of ideological & administrative coherence in the Taliban itself are also examined. K. Coddon

Ponders whether the 9/11 (2001) attacks will have a lasting impact on refugee protection in the US & Europe. At issue is whether grounds exist for new state fears & state restrictions on granting refugee protection; whether existing refugee protection measures are capable of handling new perceptions or actual changes; how refugee protection & national security are linked; & the policy impacts of scrutiny to the links. In this light, consideration is given to the means of arrival, ie, trafficking & smuggling, & exclusion clauses. The immediate policy response is then examined at the EU level, for the UK & the Netherlands, & for the US. At the international level, EU-US dialogue regarding security & related immigration issues as related to refugees are addressed. The case of Afghanistan refugee displacement serves to illustrate. J. Zendejas

Examines the recent wave of undocumented migrants from Fujian, People's Republic of China, to New York City. Data were obtained from historical documents, official Chinese statistics, & surveys conducted in Fujian in 1994 & 1998. Several immigrant-sending communities in Fujian are described to argue that the current movement represents the continuation of a long-term tradition. However, unlike past migrations prompted by extreme poverty, the recent surge is said to be based on relative deprivation resulting from increasing inequality associated with China's transition to a market economy. In addition, current migrations would not be possible without the help of international smuggling organizations. The historical roots of immigration from Fujian are traced from the mid-15th century. Special attention is given to changes in income disparity in Fujian, 1983-1995, & strategies used by smugglers to get "snake" people to the US. A description of the risky nature of illegal immigration suggests that the seafaring background of the Fujianese people makes it easier for them to endure the horrendous voyage. The social & political impact of large numbers of Fujianese settling in New York's Chinatown is explored. 2 Tables, 86 References. J. Lindroth

Examines the recent wave of undocumented migrants from Fujian, People's Republic of China, to New York City. Data were obtained from historical documents, official Chinese statistics, & surveys conducted in Fujian in 1994 & 1998. Several immigrant-sending communities in Fujian are described to argue that the current movement represents the continuation of a long-term tradition. However, unlike past migrations prompted by extreme poverty, the recent surge is said to be based on relative deprivation resulting from increasing inequality associated with China's transition to a market economy. In addition, current migrations would not be possible without the help of international smuggling organizations. The historical roots of immigration from Fujian are traced from the mid-15th century. Special attention is given to changes in income disparity in Fujian, 1983-1995, & strategies used by smugglers to get "snake" people to the US. A description of the risky nature of illegal immigration suggests that the seafaring background of the Fujianese people makes it easier for them to endure the horrendous voyage. The social & political impact of large numbers of Fujianese settling in New York's Chinatown is explored. 2 Tables, 86 References. J. Lindroth