Suchergebnisse

This thesis deals on integration of ASEAN. The primary objective of this thesis is to find out the potential of ASEAN to be politically and economically integrated like EU, and the kind of difficulties it may face in a mid way. Since EU is a pioneer and benchmark for any integration and ASEAN takes EU as a reference, I choose EU as a base to compare the progress of ASEAN. As for the theoretical aspect, integration theory and its importance in global scenario is discussed. The research sought after the way ahead for ASEAN. This study is based on a comparative analysis of the development of both EU and ASEAN. The information and literature needed for the thesis will be collected from open source, which is easily accessible to all. After analyzing the historical background, present development and future prospect, I think ASEAN is turning out to be the successful regional cooperation. Even though ASEAN took reference from EU in its development, It don´t need to be like EU. Being the cooperation from different group of differently diversified nations, It can pave its own way forward and can lay good precedent for other upcoming regional co-operations. ; M-IR

The purpose of this thesis is to develop knowledge about what responsible leadership is, as well as develop a theoretical model for responsible leadership in the perspective of caring science. The study takes as its point of departure the research tradition in caring science developed by Katie Eriksson and her colleagues at Åbo Akademi University in Vasa. The overarching methodological approach is Gadamer's (2004) hermeneutic philosophy. The scientific interest is mainly theoretical. The theory model is 'tested' in a clinical context in two hospitals. This implied that leaders were taught about the developed model. Thereafter the leaders 'translated' it into their own language and gave it meaning in their clinical context. The clinical part of the study can be regarded as a moment of application research in the sense of hermeneutic. Responsible leadership is treated in this thesis as aas a part of human existence and the model is not explicitly associated with leadership in organizations.

"Shame is a deeply problematic emotion that causes much trouble and pain in our lives, interrupting our immediate mode of being in the world and making us feel bad about who we are. Nevertheless, we use it in many contexts to discipline others, impede personal development, regulate participation in communities, and instil in others commonly accepted norms and values. All these uses of shame suggest to some that it is a phenomenon with positive attributes, despite its darker sides.

Many who study shame do so from the vantage point of a single scholarly discipline. This book is an exception. Its authors approach shame from multiple perspectives, seeking a more nuanced picture of its various roles in human life and its impact on social interaction.

This book explores shame from an interdisciplinary perspective that looks into psychology, philosophy, evolutionary theory, theology and religious studies, and moral theory. The theoretical insights are then applied to understand shame's workings in relation to embodiment, religion, and morality. Hence, Shame's Unwelcome Interruption and Responsive Movements. Body, Religion, Morality – an Interdisciplinary Study will be of value to anyone who is interested in approaching shame from a comprehensive, scholarly perspective."

Esipuhe – 7 Foreword– 10 I KANT, FICHTE, SCHELLING, HEGEL, MARX Hartwig Frank, Zur Bedeutung von Kants Ethik für den gegenwärtigen Ethikdiskurs – 14 Jussi Backman, Äärellisyyden loppu: Kant, Heidegger, Meillassoux – 23 Jari Kaukua, Fichten alkuperäisestä oivalluksesta – 42 Susanna Lindberg, Elämän käsite saksalaisessa idealismissa – 56 Carl-Göran Heidegren, Dialectic of Categories, Dialectic of Experience in Hegel – 65 Arvi Särkelä, A Restless Spirit. Immanent Critique as Inquiry into Inquiry in Hegel and Dewey – 74 Arne Overrein, Forsoning, Fremmedgjøring og Filosofi . Bemerkninger om Hegel – 96 Heikki Ikäheimo, Persoonien tunnustaminen, inhimillinen elämänmuoto ja Marxin James Mill-muistiinpanot – 113 Kari Väyrynen, Kaupunki-maaseutu –antagonismi marxilaisessa ekologiassa ja historiallisessa materialismissa – 136 Vesa Oittinen, Diderot neuvostofi losofi en silmin – 151 II FILOSOFINEN ANTROPOLOGIA, PERSOONUUS, MIELI JA RUUMIS Michael Quante, Die Perspektiven der Anthropologie – 169 Johannes Lehtonen, Olemassaolon tunteesta ihmismielen pohjalla – 189 Mikko Yrjönsuuri, Minä ja minun ruumiini. Kolme 1200-luvun teoriaa kehollisuudesta – 207 Matias Slavov, Sensualismi mielenfi losofi assa: Hume ja Condillac Descartesin vastapelureina – 220 Onni Hirvonen, Funktionalistinen mieli ja persoonan rajat – 233 Vili Lähteenmäki, Ajattelu ja ajatteleva olio – 253 Juhana Toivanen, Ihmisenkaltainen eläin. Näkökulmia rationaalisuuteen, ihmisyyteen ja eläimyyteen – 264 Joona Henrik Taipale, Itsen ja toisen välisestä jatkuvuudesta ja epäjatkuvuudesta – 287 Mika Ojakangas, Jacques Lacan: yliminä, halu ja asia – 307 Pessi Lyyra, Mitä halu esittää? – 316 III YHTEISKUNTAFILOSOFIA, KRIITTINEN TEORIA, TUNNUSTUKSEN POLITIIKKA Markku Mäki, Montesquieu ja Englanti – 337 Gorm Harste, From Kant to Clausewitz – An investigation of war systems with Luhmann's systems theory – 375 Kia Lindroos, Valta, kritiikki ja Walter Benjamin – 411 Mikael Carleheden, On Theorizing: C.S. Peirce and Contemporary Social Science – 428 Eerik Lagerspetz, Hans Kelsen's Defence of Democracy – 460 Joonas Pennanen, Limittyvät kontekstit, käytännöllinen järkeily ja harkintatasapaino – 483 Sari Roman-Lagerspetz, Althusser: Between Marx and Lacan – 513 Petteri Niemi, Social Work and Recognition – 534 Jacob Dahl Rendtorff, The Ethics and Politics of Recognition: A Critique of Critical Theory – 560 Arto Laitinen, Michael Walzer on Recognition as a Dominated Good – 586 IV ESTETIIKKA, ETIIKKA JA ELÄMÄSSÄ SUUNNISTAUTUMINEN Bernadette Banaszkiewicz, Intensität, Deutlichkeit, enargeia. Antike Ekphrasis-Konzeptionen bei Theon, Quintilian und Longos – 623 Jussi Antti Saarinen, Taidemaalareiden ykseyden kokemuksista – 651 Henrik Enckell, Carlos Saura's Blood Wedding – 665 Werner Stegmaier, Die Bedeutung der Philosophie von Emmanuel Levinas für die Orientierung des Menschen – 678 Olli Pitkänen, Mitä tarkoittaa pahan selittäminen? Huomioita Jussi Kotkavirran kirjoituksesta Hyvän ja pahan lähteillä – 688 Rauno Huttunen & Leena Kakkori, Moraalin kehitys ja täysi-ikäisyys – Gilligan–Kohlberg –kiista – 709 Ludwig Siep, Ethische Kriterien für medizinische Forschung in Entwicklungsländern – 730 Miira Tuominen, Stoalainen fi losofi nen terapia: elämä sarjana valintoja – 756 Sami Pihlström, Viljely ja aika: Maa, puutarha ja elämän arvo(t) – 770 Juha Räikkä Itsepetos ja uskonto – 797 Olli-Pekka Moisio, Uskonto kritiikkinä ja kriittinen teoria täysin toisen kaipuuna – 805 Risto Eräsaari Viimeiset sanat – 817

2020 saw the 80th anniversary of the occupation of Norway on 9 April 1940 and the 75th anniversary of Norway's liberation on 8 May 1945. The anniversaries provided an opportunity to reflect on these central events in Norwegian history, and to take a closer look at the war for the sake of collective remembrance. This was the background for the 2020 Agder Seminar.

This anthology consists of eight chapters that illuminate in different ways the relationship between memory and repression in the history of our understanding of the Second World War. The chapters are wide-ranging, from theory-based analyses of recognition as a concept and a phenomenon, to empirical studies of various groups' struggle for recognition. The contributors represent a number of different disciplines within the social sciences. - I 2020 var det 80 år siden Norge ble okkupert 9. april 1940 og 75 år siden frigjøringen 8. mai 1945. Det ga anledning til å minnes disse sentrale hendelsene i norsk historie, men også til å se nærmere på krigen som kollektivt minnearbeid. Dette var bakgrunnen for Agderseminaret 2020.

Denne antologien består av åtte bidrag som på ulike måter belyser forholdet mellom minne og glemsel i kunnskapshistorien om andre verdenskrig. Bidragene favner vidt. Fra teoridrevne undersøkelser av anerkjennelse som fenomen og begrep til empiriske studier av ulike gruppers kamp for anerkjennelse. Bidragsyterne representerer en rekke ulike fag innen humaniora og samfunnsvitenskap.

Uncertainty at many levels in classical singers' career trajectories and professional practice is a fulcrum in this book. Produced through life history interviews with 14 professional Scandinavian singers, born between 1945 and 1978, the study follows the participants' experiences of possibilities and limitations of action through their life course. It obtains some of the prerequisites that underpin the practical knowledge of the singer considering the cultural traditions of classical singing and the hierarchical field of music the singers aim for and act within. The overarching theoretical framework is founded in Pierre Bourdieu's theory of practice, but the study has an interdisciplinary approach. Here, the pluralistic life course perspective forms the basis for understanding processes and changes over time. The study shows how singers' choices and strategies, reflections, opinions and preferences, can be understood in relation to their backgrounds, and their social positions in the classical music field where music is the interconnecting element. A comprehensive feature of the research material is how uncertainties are expressed as assessments as an answer to the uncertainty that characterizes singers as well as singing education, singing performance and the singing profession. This dominant practice of assessment is interpreted as a circular phenomenon, where the assessment culture becomes a consequence of uncertainty, while increasing uncertainty. - "Hvordan konstitueres klassiske sangeres løpebaner og sosiale praksis? Med utgangspunkt i livshistorieintervju med 14 profesjonelle skandinaviske sangere født mellom 1945 og 1978, søker denne studien en mer nyansert og helhetlig forståelse av denne kunstnergruppens mulighetsbetingelser. I boka ser forfatteren nærmere på sangernes oppvekstår, studietid og yrkesliv, samt overgangen mellom disse. I denne sammenheng gjøres usikkerhet til et omdreiningspunkt. Gjennom den komplekse relasjonen mellom det individuelle og kollektive, analyseres sangeres erfaringer i lys av historiske, sosiale og kulturelle mønstre som former løpebanene og strukturerer praksisen på bestemte måter. Her legger den klassiske sangens tradisjon sterke føringer. Den overordnede teoretiske rammen er fundert i Pierre Bourdieus praksisteori. Det pluralistiske livsløpsperspektivet utgjør grunnlaget for forståelsen av prosesser og endring over tid.

Det konkurransepregede og uforutsigbare arbeidsmarkedet som omgir sangerne medfører høy grad av risiko og usikkerhet. Boka belyser hvordan sangere legitimerer eget yrke og hvordan handlinger, valg, strategier, refleksjoner, meninger og preferanser kan forstås i relasjon til deres bakgrunn og til posisjoner i det klassiske musikkfeltet der musikken er det bindende element. Et gjennomgående trekk i forskningsmaterialet er hvordan usikkerhet kommer til uttrykk som vurderinger. Slik oppstår et sirkulært fenomen, hvor vurderingskulturen blir en konsekvens av usikkerhet, samtidig som den forsterker usikkerheten som preger sangerne så vel som sangopplæringen, sangutøvelsen og sangeryrket."

This study has developed a tool for explaining why employees fail to speak up with regard to work related criticism; there is a hidden policy of silence that teaches employees to remain silent. This hidden policy is here designated as the "Curriculum Silentium" and is described in detail on the basis of empirical and theoretical data. After identifying a gap between the intentionally and experienced policy for employees freedom of speech in organizations I suggest that there are on-going unofficial, partially hidden learning processes in the organizations. The overall research question is; How does the Curriculum Silentium; the hidden policy of silence among employees, look like? I make an analytic construction of the hidden policy as if it were planned policy, using the didactic categories applicable to organizations. These didactic categories are: goals, content, teaching strategies and the motivation of employees. The empirical data was collected in three different organizations: an elementary school, a home for the elderly and a factory in the process industry, using qualitative methods such as interviews and observation. The theoretical foundation of the study is taken from existing theory within the field of work life research and educational science. The study is not a comparative study of the three organizations, but does involve a comparison of whether and how the Curriculum Silentium is expressed in three such different organizations. The challenge of examining hidden relationships in organizations was met through the development of guidelines for an analytical approach called a critical didactic relations analysis. The study concludes that a hidden policy of silence resembling that presented here exists in organizations where employees fail to voice working life related criticism.

Which voices, bodies and practices have expressed critical powerlessness in the face of institutional power, and who is expressing this today? What is at play, and what is the root of this powerlessness? These questions are at the core of this book. With Michel Foucault's theory of power and powerlessness as a point of departure, the contributing authors analyze and discuss the many conflicts and tension that arise when service users and patients take (or relinquish) a particular position.

Institutions and professional practitioners have used and still use traditions, theories and methods that often weaken more than strengthen service users', patients' and clients' own volition and subjectivity. The chapters are by researchers in a variety of disciplines including theology, nursing, ethics, child welfare, disability research, history, diakonia, and social work. In the context of these fields, recognizing and emphasizing people's dignity and promoting equity are explored. But both historically and at present, research and experience show that the opposite also occurs. The ethical takes place between power, powerlessness and practice. - Hvilke stemmer, kropper og praksiser har uttrykt en kritisk motmakt til institusjonenes makt, og hvem uttrykker den i dag? Hva står på spill, og hvor er motmakten forankret? Dette er spørsmål som står i sentrum for denne boken. Med utgangspunkt i Michel Foucaults teori om makt og motmakt analyserer og drøfter forfatterne i denne boka de mange spenninger og konflikter som oppstår når tjenestebrukere og pasienter tar (eller gis) en egen posisjon.

Institusjoner og profesjonsutøvere har brukt og bruker tradisjoner, teorier og metoder som ofte mer svekker enn styrker tjenestebrukeres, pasientenes og klientens egen vilje og subjektivitet. Kapitlene kommer fra forskere innen mange fagfelt, som teologi, sykepleie, etikk, barnevern, funksjonshemmingsforskning, historie, diakoni og sosialt arbeid. I disse kunnskapsområdene handler det om å anerkjenne og å styrke menneskers verdighet og fremme rettferdighet. Men både historisk og aktuelt viser forskning og erfaring at det motsatte også skjer. Det etiske utspiller seg mellom makt, motmakt og praksis.