Suchergebnisse

During the last fifteen years, several Latin American countries created new type of programs to reduce poverty as well as special agencies to coordinate state actions in social matters. Among them, the experiences of Argentina, Chile and Mexico stand out. The aim of this paper is to describe the main features of the institutional paths and the policies carried out by these countries in the areas mentioned above and to analyze the factors that might have conditioned their performances.The experiences of those countries were studied on the basis of two variables: sustainability over time and comprehensiveness of the policies carried out. With respect to sustainability, we assume that if all the state agencies consider themselves responsible for the policies to alleviate poverty, there will be more chances to reach long term agreements. On the other hand, if only the current government (or even a group within it) takes responsibility for those policies, it will be more likely for a group to profit from state actions to serve private purposes and for a new government to start anew. With regard to comprehensiveness, we think that if the work done by the state agencies is coordinated, it will be easier to solve and/or alleviate the multiple causes of poverty. On the contrary, if their efforts are not coordinated, the undertaken actions will have very little impact on the resolution of such a complex problem as poverty is.Two main aspects were observed in each of the three countries: their experiences regarding the creation and functioning of a central agency capable of coordinate the policies to alleviate poverty (agencies usually known as "social authority"), on one hand, and the features of the programs designed with the same purpose, on the other. Thus, we pretended to establish to what extent the different characteristics of those programs in terms of sustainability and comprehensiveness -taken as a concrete expression of the policy to alleviate poverty carried out by a certain country- are related to the performance of the rules and mechanisms specifically set up to meet those ends.As a result of our research, we found out that the experiences related with the creation of a "social authority" -whatever its institutional shape- have little impact on the success or failure of the policies set up to alleviate poverty, both in terms of sustainability and comprehensiveness. Instead, some results of the social policy proved to be more associated to the general institutional architecture that -direct and indirectly- conditions the social policies, as well as the way in which actors mobilize their resources within that frame.(Reforma y democracia/DÜI)

"Through a series of rich photographs, Art of Captivity / Arte del Cautiverio tells a compelling story about the war on drugs in Central America. The book focuses on the country of Guatemala, now the principle point of transit for the cocaine that is produced in the Andes and bound for the United States and Canada. Alongside a spike in the use of crack cocaine, Guatemala City has witnessed the proliferation of Pentecostal drug rehabilitation centers. The centers are sites of abuse and torment, but also lifesaving institutions in a country that does not provide any other viable social service to those struggling with drug dependency. Art of Captivity / Arte del Cautiverio explores these centers as architectural forms, while also showcasing the cultural production that takes place inside them, including drawings and letters created by those held captive. This stunning work of visual ethnography humanizes those held inside these centers, breaks down stereotypes about drug use, and sets the conditions for a hemispheric conversation about prohibitionist practices - by revealing intimate portraits of a population held hostage by a war on drugs."--

Crítica sobre el origen y los fundamentos de la nueva desigualdad entre los hombres / Alexandre Quaresma -- Desempleo, desigualdad y desarrollo tecnológico / Víctor Manuel Figueroa Sepúlveda -- La tecnología y la subsunción por el capital / Jesús Becerra Villegas -- Estado y libertad del espacio público en red / Sergio Octavio Contreras -- La obencioecnologiba en el sector empresarial en México / Miguel Omar Muñoz Domínguez -- Innovación tecnológica y modelo corporativo agroindustrial / Irma Lorena Acosta Reveles -- Bienestar y felicidad / Ernesto Menchaca Arredondo y Leonel Álvarez Yáñez -- Los desafíos de la democracia en México / Héctor de la Fuente Limón

Prólogo : la relación entre medios y política : preguntas, dilemas y una invitación al debate / Angelika Rettberg -- Introducción : las fascinantes y difíciles relaciones entre medios de comunicación y política / Omar Rincón -- Introducción a los medios y la política / Sarah Oates -- Medios de comunicación, opinión pública y democracia en Venezuela / Friedrich Welsch --- Las prensas de la prensa : poder y periodismo en la Argentina del 2009 / Adriana Amado -- ¿Los grandes medios como nueva oposición política? : posneoliberalismo y lucha por la hegemonía comunicacional en la revolución ciudadana de Ecuador / Hernán Reyes Aguinaga -- Democracia deliberativa, opinión pública y medios de comunicación en Colombia / Óscar Mejía Quintana -- El poder de la televisión : medios de comunicación y aprobación presidencial en Colombia / Miguel García Sánchez y Laura Wills Otero -- Medios de comunicación y gobernabilidad en Colombia : entre la verdad y la justicia, hay que escoger la verdad / Daniel Coronell -- La mediática del poder como lucha por la hegemonía del proyecto político / Omar Rincón y Ana Lucía Magrini

Former visual arts director in Colombia's Ministry of Culture (1997-2001), and after more than 10 years in the United States, author Miguel Rojas-Sotelo explains how the new Colombian Constitution (1991) shaped cultural policies and the production and professionalization of visual art, literature, and mass media. The book "examines the insistence of Colombian middle class intellectuals to reexamine the founding events of the nation, including the scientific, geographical and ethnographic Expeditions of the mid-19th century. This tendency responds to a nostalgic desire to claim an uncompleted process to construct modernity. It is an example of societal schizophrenia but at the same time of social sensitivity that seeks to understand the nationœs present by uncovering the retro. A comparative examination of the work of the artists María Elvira Escallón (b. 1954) and Libia Posada (b. 1961) is used to illustrate aspects of public life and its interactions with the domestic sphere in Colombia. Subsequently, the text focuses on the cultural violence that has marginalized, exoticized and racialized certain population groups that are constitutive of the nation. This section presents the case of Abel Rodríguez (b.1941), a Nonuya indigenous man who has over the past decade, like a modern day successor to the Expedition naturalists, dedicated himself to illustrating thousands of botanical and animal species. Rodríguez is an example of a process of adaptation and capture that has rejected the denial of non-Eurocentric viewpoints that marked the logic of the Expeditions and of Western scientific thinking. Such responses are now embedded in the processes of cultural construction inaugurated by the 1991 Constitution and the emergence of new cultural markets in the country. Finally, the work of Juan Obando (b. 1980) illustrates an interstitial space that gives rise to a critical/anarchic possibility. The book discusses the way in which an image has been constructed of a docile nation based on a popular culture that has been domesticated by the forces of the global market (associated in this case with narcoculture). The international brandingʺ of the country and its bizarre domestic mirror are present in Obandoœs work, apparent in its bi-directional movement: at the same time central to, and on the margins of, national debate: operating, like many contemporary creators in the country, along a geological fault line." (HKB Translation)--Verso Cover