The article provides an analysis of youth values in Croatia in the socialist and post-socialist periods, comparing them with values of older citizens and of the political elite. The comparative analysis is based on data obtained through four empirical investigations conducted in 1986, 1999 and 2004. The results show that the predominant youth values remain stable, with minor oscillations in rank. The aspects in which the young are different from the older citizens are a broader variety of interests, a greater acceptance of post-materialistic values, and a lesser acceptance of traditional and political values. It is also shown that the optimism of youth is constantly on a high level, as well as their satisfaction with life, which is more pronounced than with older citizens. In all analyzed segments the political elite is noticeably different from both above-mentioned groups. The overall findings confirm that the acceptance of observed values varies depending on the social-political context, and the age and social status of the respondents. Since the scope of the variations is limited, the author concludes that this analysis gives one more confirmation of the relative stability of values, and of the fact that they are transmitted from generation to generation in a way which does not endanger social continuity. Adapted from the source document.
The paper deals with three aspects of teaching political education: 1. problems of teaching social sciences in Croatia regarding their content, method and instruction; 2. the quality of teaching according to the ISO 9000 norm; and the study of the quality of the programme of teaching politics and economy to secondary school pupils. The methods of work chosen have made it possible to give an account of the contemporary developments in the world in the field of methodology and instruction regarding this subject. All suggested solutions and models have not simply been copied, but adapted to the existing conditions of secondary education in Croatia. The intention is to activate fresh forces with Croatian school system that will, taking into account the realities of our situation find new education paths, aware that the sole way out is the quality of learning and the complete satisfaction of pupils, parents and the society. This approach does not seek unobtainable material resources, but demands much effort and numerous changes in the policies and the work of all those directly or indirectly involved in teaching. (SOI : PM: S. 230)
The European Union is the most complex and by any aspect the most unique example of a regionaleconomic integration. Its origin, evolution and survival are based on a common legislative andinstitutional framework. The so-called common policies implemented in a number of economicand non-economic areas are particularly distinctive. Most of them are implemented on two levels:national and communal. The only common policy that is fully implemented at the European Unionlevel is the Community Agrarian Policy (CAP), whereas the agriculture has the highest expenditurein the communal budget. The function of CAP is primarily economic as its goals are strictly relatedto economic issues: price stability of agricultural products, productivity growth, higher wages forthe farmers, etc. The CAP strengthens the Union's social cohesion, which is of utmost importancein times of constant crises, BREXIT and other extreme instabilities. For this reason, the CAP hasbeen in the processes of continuous reforms (MacShary, Mansholt and those of recent times) fordecades, in order to increase its efficiency and justify enormous financial investments. The CAPresults depend on the achievement of preset objectives and the exchange of agricultural productsand food that the European Union generates globally. It has been demonstrated that the CAP is asignificant common policy, both in achieving economic goals and in the sphere of strengtheningcommunal cohesion.
Son grans els reptes que afronta el sistema d'educació a Eslovènia, Europa i en general el món per a introduir els aspectes ambientals i de salut en els programes d'estudi per a que els estudiants coneguin i comprenguin el Desenvolupament Sostenible. Els camins per a incorporar aquests temes en els programes universitaris depenen en gran part de factors com la grandària de la població i el sistema econòmic i polític de la zona. Diferents països a Europa estan estudiant diverses formes per a donar una solució a aquests fets. En el cas específic d'Eslovènia s'identificà una necessitat específica de formar professionals amb coneixements ambientals, d'epidemiologia, ecològics i de higiene. La creixent importància de l'enginyeria en les àrees abans esmentades i el potenciar la interdisciplinarietat, foren factors claus per a desenvolupar des del 1993 un programa d'Enginyeria Sanitària amb una duració de 4 anys. El ràpid desenvolupament del programa i la seva multidisciplinarietat han estat les raons principals per les que es va decidir que el programa s'impartís amb professores de dos universitats, així com amb experts de institucions i empreses. En relació amb altres sistemes universitaris similars a l'Europa de l'Est la experiència d'aquests 10 anys de treball a Eslovènia pot servir de model e fins i tot a través de la col·laboració ser adoptat en alguna altra universitat de la regió. ; Son grandes los retos que enfrenta el sistema educacional de Eslovenia, Europa y en general el mundo para lograr introducir los aspectos ambientales y de salud en los programas de estudio de tal forma que los estudiantes conozcan y comprendan el Desarrollo Sostenible. Los caminos para incorporar estos temas en los programas universitarios dependen en gran parte de factores como el tamaño de la población y el sistema económico y político de la zona. Diferentes países en Europa están tratando de formas diversas de dar solución a estos retos. En el caso específico de Eslovenia se identificó una necesidad específica de formar profesionales con conocimientos ambientales, epidemiológicos, ecológicos y de higiene. La creciente importancia de la ingeniería en las áreas antes mencionadas y el potenciar la interdisciplinariedad fueron factores claves para desarrollar desde 1993 un programa de Ingeniería Sanitaria con una duración de 4 años. El rápido desarrollo del programa y su multidisciplinariedad han sido las razones principales por las que se decidió que el programa se impartiera por profesores de dos universidades, así como expertos de instituciones y empresas. En relación con sistemas universitarios similares en Europa del Este la experiencia de estos 10 años de trabajo en Eslovenia puede servir de modelo e incluso a través de la colaboración ser adoptado en alguna otra universidad de la región. ; Great challenges are facing Slovene, European and world's educational systems in the introduction of environmental and health aspects into the curricula in such a way to empower the students with an adequate understanding and knowledge of sustainable development. Ways of incorporating these issues into the educational programme depends on broad range of factors such as number of inhabitants in the state as well as political and economic system. Different European states are trying to solve these challenges in a different manner. Due to the specificity of the Slovenia the need was recognised to educate professionals with the broad environmental, epidemiological, ecological and hygienic knowledge. The increased awareness about the importance of the engineering in the above mentioned areas and the interdisciplinary approach lead towards establishing a four year sanitary engineering programme in 1993. Its distinctive multidisciplinarity and rapid development in the field are the main reasons for the decision that selected course units are thought by professors and experts from two universities in Slovenia and other institutions as well as enterprises. Due to similar educational system in the South Eastern Europe in the past, ten years of experiences in Slovenia should be used as a model which could be, through the collaboration, adopted elsewhere in the region.
Son grans els reptes que afronta el sistema d'educació a Eslovènia, Europa i en general el món per a introduir els aspectes ambientals i de salut en els programes d'estudi per a que els estudiants coneguin i comprenguin el Desenvolupament Sostenible. Els camins per a incorporar aquests temes en els programes universitaris depenen en gran part de factors com la grandària de la població i el sistema econòmic i polític de la zona. Diferents països a Europa estan estudiant diverses formes per a donar una solució a aquests fets. En el cas específic d'Eslovènia s'identificà una necessitat específica de formar professionals amb coneixements ambientals, d'epidemiologia, ecològics i de higiene. La creixent importància de l'enginyeria en les àrees abans esmentades i el potenciar la interdisciplinarietat, foren factors claus per a desenvolupar des del 1993 un programa d'Enginyeria Sanitària amb una duració de 4 anys. El ràpid desenvolupament del programa i la seva multidisciplinarietat han estat les raons principals per les que es va decidir que el programa s'impartís amb professores de dos universitats, així com amb experts de institucions i empreses. En relació amb altres sistemes universitaris similars a l'Europa de l'Est la experiència d'aquests 10 anys de treball a Eslovènia pot servir de model e fins i tot a través de la col·laboració ser adoptat en alguna altra universitat de la regió. ; Son grandes los retos que enfrenta el sistema educacional de Eslovenia, Europa y en general el mundo para lograr introducir los aspectos ambientales y de salud en los programas de estudio de tal forma que los estudiantes conozcan y comprendan el Desarrollo Sostenible. Los caminos para incorporar estos temas en los programas universitarios dependen en gran parte de factores como el tamaño de la población y el sistema económico y político de la zona. Diferentes países en Europa están tratando de formas diversas de dar solución a estos retos. En el caso específico de Eslovenia se identificó una necesidad específica de formar profesionales con conocimientos ambientales, epidemiológicos, ecológicos y de higiene. La creciente importancia de la ingeniería en las áreas antes mencionadas y el potenciar la interdisciplinariedad fueron factores claves para desarrollar desde 1993 un programa de Ingeniería Sanitaria con una duración de 4 años. El rápido desarrollo del programa y su multidisciplinariedad han sido las razones principales por las que se decidió que el programa se impartiera por profesores de dos universidades, así como expertos de instituciones y empresas. En relación con sistemas universitarios similares en Europa del Este la experiencia de estos 10 años de trabajo en Eslovenia puede servir de modelo e incluso a través de la colaboración ser adoptado en alguna otra universidad de la región. ; Great challenges are facing Slovene, European and world's educational systems in the introduction of environmental and health aspects into the curricula in such a way to empower the students with an adequate understanding and knowledge of sustainable development. Ways of incorporating these issues into the educational programme depends on broad range of factors such as number of inhabitants in the state as well as political and economic system. Different European states are trying to solve these challenges in a different manner. Due to the specificity of the Slovenia the need was recognised to educate professionals with the broad environmental, epidemiological, ecological and hygienic knowledge. The increased awareness about the importance of the engineering in the above mentioned areas and the interdisciplinary approach lead towards establishing a four year sanitary engineering programme in 1993. Its distinctive multidisciplinarity and rapid development in the field are the main reasons for the decision that selected course units are thought by professors and experts from two universities in Slovenia and other institutions as well as enterprises. Due to similar educational system in the South Eastern Europe in the past, ten years of experiences in Slovenia should be used as a model which could be, through the collaboration, adopted elsewhere in the region.
L'objectiu d'aquest article és avaluar quins són els reptes urbanístics que té plantejats el turisme barceloní en un moment en què estan canviant alguns dels paradigmes que han impulsat el desenvolupament extraordinari del turisme vacacional. La ciutat industrial, l'espai social destinat al treball, el lloc d'on es fugia durant les vacances, s'ha convertit en un destí turístic de primer ordre, en un dels llocs preferents per l'oci i el turisme contemporani. En aquest article ens preguntarem sobre aquest canvi fent un repàs de la història urbanística barcelonina des de la perspectiva del turisme, i una reflexió final sobre alguns aspectes que no tenen fàcil solució si no es replantegen el marc legislatiu i la relació entre l'urbanisme i l'activitat turística actual. En definitiva, ens preguntarem sobre quines han estat les transformacions urbanístiques de la ciutat postindustrial en relació al turisme, en l'àrea metropolitana de Barcelona, interrogant-nos sobre com s'hi ha reconstruït l'espai turístic de la ciutat postindustrial perquè hagi acabat atraient els seus detractors. ; El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar cuáles son los retos urbanísticos que tiene planteados el turismo barcelonés en un momento en que están cambiando algunos de los paradigmas que han impulsado el extraordinario desarrollo del turismo vacacional. La ciudad industrial, el espacio social destinado al trabajo, el lugar de donde se huía durante las vacaciones, se ha convertido en un destino turístico de primer orden, en uno de los lugares preferentes para el ocio y el turismo contemporáneo. En este artículo nos preguntaremos sobre este cambio dando un repaso a la historia urbanística barcelonesa desde la perspectiva del turismo, y plantearemos una reflexión final sobre algunos aspectos que no tienen fácil solución si no se replantean el marco legislativo y la relación entre el urbanismo y la actividad turística actual. En definitiva, nos preguntaremos sobre cuáles han sido las transformaciones urbanísticas de la ciudad postindustrial en relación con el turismo, en el área metropolitana de Barcelona, interrogándonos sobre cómo se ha reconstruido el espacio turístico de la ciudad postindustrial para que haya terminado atrayendo a sus detractores.
El TJUE ha ido desarrollando una relevante jurisprudencia sobre el principio general de igualdad de trato, centrada principal, aunque no exclusivamente, en alguna de sus manifestaciones específicas, como la edad, y que se ha caracterizado por ofrecer una interpretación amplia y generosa de dicho principio, reforzando su alcance y contenido normativo. Esta doctrina jurisprudencial ha desempeñado un papel impulsor de la acción de la Unión en aquellos ámbitos competenciales donde habitualmente opera el principio de igualdad de trato, como la política social y la política de empleo. Ahora bien, esta tutela judicial de la igualdad de trato se funda en una jerarquía de motivos discriminatorios que tiene su origen en una opción del legislador de la Unión y que se proyecta tanto en el distinto alcance material de las discriminaciones prohibidas como en los diferentes niveles de justificación de las diferencias de trato admisibles. ; The ECJ has developed significant case-law on the general principle of equal treatment, this being chiefly focused, although not exclusively, on some of its particular aspects, such as age. The said case-law is characterized for its wide and generous interpretation of the aforementioned principle, having reinforced its regulatory scope and content. This case-law has given impetus to EU's action in those competence scopes where the principle of equal treatment applies, such as in social and employment policies. However, the legal protection of equal treatment is founded on a hierarchy of discrimination grounds reliant on a choice made by EU's lawmaker, which is reflected at both the various material scopes of prohibited discriminations and the various levels of justification of those differences in treatment which are admissible. ; El presente trabajo se encuadra dentro del Proyecto de investigación financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación «La 'política mediterránea' de la UE en perspectiva: el Proceso de Barcelona, la Unión para el Mediterráneo y los intereses españoles», Código DER2009-14238-C02-01.
Post-cold war concept of security is based on realistic postulates and emphasises a concept of state, forces,power and national interests. Military and political concept of security was dominant while the relations between the superpowers was based on the so called bipolar balance of power. Identity of states was realised by membership in military, political and economic organisations. The strategy of returning to the era of nuclear weapons reaches its full flowering. The crucial point of security after the end of Cold war consists of searching for giving answers to the threats coming from the outside and abilities of states to maintain their independent integrity against changed relations among the powers, which potentially may become enemies. Under such circumstances powers should not be ignored in any interpretation of any aspect of security, for realistic theories of international relations are still of great influence in the field of security. They will be modified in different conditions and will act in the sense of enlarged concept of security - instead of dominant concepts of political and military security typical for the Cold War era, economic, social and environmental factors will appear. Basic weakness of the realistic theories of security is in the lack of recognising the importance of cooperation between main factors in international community. This failure will be replaced neo realistic and liberal and institutional theories of security which emphasises the concept of cooperation in the first place. Concepts of power, forces and integral processes will be observed within the context of changes in the international relations.
Política pública; Salut pública; Actuacions ; Política publica; Salud pública; Actuaciones ; Public policy; Public health; Actions ; Documento de bases del Plan interdepartamental de salud pública (PINSAP). Incluye una primera parte que ilustra la influencia de los determinantes sobre la salud de las personas y las poblaciones y resume los antecedentes y los planteamientos sobre los que se basa el modelo de intervención que se propone, que, junto con los propósitos y objetivos, constituye el segundo apartado del documento. El documento recoge aportaciones y consideraciones sobre cada una de las áreas de actuación identificadas por el Grupo de Trabajo del Departamento de Salud a partir de una adaptación del modelo de determinantes de Dahlgren y Whitehead referidos a las condiciones de vida y trabajo y que tienen que ver con el entorno, el urbanismo y vivienda, la movilidad, la educación, el empleo, el sistema sanitario y la alimentación. Dada la importancia que tiene el tiempo libre, sobre todo en algunas edades, se ha añadido al modelo un apartado al respecto, en el que se han incluido los aspectos relacionados con la cultura. Finalmente, se incluyen propuestas del ámbito de las políticas sociales. En cada apartado se reflejan posibles líneas prioritarias de intervención para mejorar estas condiciones, promover la equidad y disminuir las desigualdades sociales que las afectan, y de esta manera reducir las desigualdades en salud que son injustas y evitables. En este capítulo también hay una selección necesariamente incompleta de buenas prácticas en marcha que pueden servir para promover nuevas actuaciones. ; Document de bases del Pla interdepartamental de salut pública (PINSAP). Inclou una primera part que il·lustra la influència dels determinants sobre la salut de les persones i les poblacions i resumeix els antecedents i els plantejaments sobre els quals es basa el model d'intervenció que s'hi proposa, que, juntament amb els propòsits i objectius, constitueix el segon apartat del document. El document recull aportacions i consideracions sobre cadascuna de les àrees d'actuació identificades pel Grup de Treball del Departament de Salut a partir d'una adaptació del model de determinants de Dahlgren i Whitehead referits a les condicions de vida i treball i que tenen a veure amb l'entorn, l'urbanisme i habitatge, la mobilitat, l'educació, l'ocupació, el sistema sanitari i l'alimentació. Donada la importància que hi té el lleure, sobretot en algunes edats, s'ha afegit al model un apartat sobre això, en el qual s'han inclòs els aspectes relacionats amb la cultura. Finalment, s'hi inclouen propostes de l'àmbit de les politiques socials. En cada apartat s'hi reflecteixen possibles línies prioritàries d'intervenció per tal de millorar aquestes condicions, promoure l'equitat i disminuir les desigualtats socials que les afecten, i d'aquesta manera reduir les desigualtats en salut que són injustes i evitables. En aquest capítol també hi ha una selecció necessàriament incompleta de bones pràctiques en marxa que poden servir per promoure noves actuacions.
Local government is a complex system of management (Holding Company) that directly provides various services to the local community or operates a service delivery system, of a "higher" managerial (political, economic, social) level. The services provided in local government are very numerous and different in character. In this multitude of services, utilities can be considered as the local government services in the narrow sense. Utilities are services provided by local governments that meet the needs and interests of citizens and organizations. All utilities are, in fact, activities providing utilities, that is, services provided by local governments, through their bodies, organizations and services. The actions that implement these utilities are expertly technical actions and procedures, but what precedes the undertaking of these utilities is determined by the General Administrative Procedures Act (GAPA). Therefore, the provision of public utilities has its own expert and technical aspect, as well as administrative, which accompanies it before, during and after, in terms of utility services management. The optimization of administrative procedures has become an important goal of administrative reform in many countries and involves a number of measures. What is primary is determining administrative costs and burdens, which are a significant barrier to business as well as meeting citizens' daily needs. After enlisting of the administrative procedures, it is necessary to analyze and then optimize the administrative procedures related to communal services, in order to determine which procedures need to be simplified and which should be abolished. After the analysis has been carried out, the proposal will be prepared for the amendment, or simplification of administrative procedures, as well as the eventual abolition of those that are unnecessary. ; Published
Slobodan protok roba, usluga, ljudi i kapitala, razvoj informacione i komunikacione tehnologije, učinili su da lokalni problemi postanu globalni. Finansijska kriza 2007. godine vrlo brzo je postala globalna. Pandemija kovida-19 izazvala je svetsku zdravstvenu krizu, koja je ubrzo prerasla u ekonomsku, uz pretnju da postane i društvena kriza. Makroekonomski troškovi pandemije ogledaju se u padu bruto domaćeg proizvoda (GDP), rastu nezaposlenosti, povećanju fiskalne i eksterne neravnoteže. Fiskalna politika je u svim zemljama bila okosnica ekonomske politike u borbi protiv posledica pandemije. Ono što se sa sigurnošću može reći je da je šok pandemije pogodio ekonomiju i sa strane agregatne tražnje i sa strane agregatne ponude. U radu pokušavamo da sagledamo kako je pandemija delovala na privrede zemalja Zapadnog Balkana, sa kolikim privrednim padom su se suočile u 2020. godini. U radu takođe analiziramo koliko su javni sektor, zdravstvo i obrazovanje bili efikasni u borbi protiv posledica pandemije. ; The free flow of goods, services, people and capital, and the development of information and communication technology have all made local problems global. The 2007 financial crisis very quickly became global. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a worldwide health crisis, which quickly became an economic one, with threats of becoming a social one as well. The macroeconomic costs of the pandemic are visible in the form of shrinking GDP, the rise of unemployment, as well as fiscal and external imbalance. In all countries fiscal policy was the cornerstone of economic policy in the fight against the consequences of the pandemic. What we can say for certain is that the shock of the pandemic hit the economy both from the aspect of aggregate demand, as well as aggregate supply. In this paper we take a look at how the pandemic affected the economies of the Western Balkan countries, and the scale of the economic downturn they will face in 2020. We will also analyze how effective the public sector, the medical system, and education have been in the fight against the consequences of the pandemic.
Југославенска музичка трибина/Трибина музичког стваралаштва Југославије (одржавана у Опатији од 1964. до 1990. године) је поред концертних дешавања, на којима се јавност упознавала са актуелном продукцијом југословенских композитора, од самог почетка неговала и научно-музиколошку делатност. Та се пракса најпре остварила кроз оснивање Клуба трибине, те такозваног Музичког салона, у оквиру којих су се одржавала предавања са дискусијама на различите теме, не би ли се, потом, отпочело са организацијом Округлих столова, посвећених (углавном) актуелним проблемима југословенске музичке културе и њеној позицији у европском контексту. Интензивирање музиколошких расправа на опатијским сусретима расло је из године у годину, а кулминирало је утемељењем Уметничко-социолошких трибина (1976), које су окупљале еминентне југословенске музикологе, али и научнике из сродних хуманистичких дисциплина. Побуда за оснивањем својеврсног симпозијума на музичкој манифестацији каква је била опатијска Трибина, и то управо у периоду када Југославија уводи нови Устав 1974. године, вођена је идејом да се на одређене друштвено-политичке аспекте у земљи укаже и из перспективе културних радника, односно научника. С тим у вези, у овом истраживању ће се дискурс излагача на Уметничко-социолошким трибинама тумачити у контексту друштвено-политичких промена у Југославији током седамдесетих година, при чему ће се сâмо утемељење ових научних скупова сагледати као својеврсна институционализација претходних (скромних) музиколошких расправа на опатијској Трибини. ; The Yugoslav Music Forum / Forum of the Yugoslav Music Production (held in Opatija from 1964 to 1990), in addition to concert events, where the audience got acquainted with the current production of Yugoslav composers, from the very beginning also nurtured scientific musicological activity. This practice was first realized through the establishment of the Forum Club and the so-called Music Salon, where lectures were held with discussions on various topics, then with the organization of Round Tables, dedicated to (mostly) current problems of the Yugoslav music culture and its position in the European context. The intensification of musicological debates at Opatija's meetings grew year by year, and culminated with the foundation of the Artistic Sociological Forums (1976), which brought together eminent Yugoslav musicologists, as well as scientists from related humanistic disciplines. The initiative for establishing a kind of symposium on a musical event such as the Opatija Forum, and in the period when Yugoslavia introduced the new Constitution in 1974, was guided by the idea that certain social and political aspects of the country should be evident from the perspective of cultural workers and scientists. In this respect, in this research, the discourse of presenters at Artistic Sociological Forums will be interpreted in the context of socio-political changes in Yugoslavia during the 1970s, with the very foundation of these scientific conferences to be seen as a kind of institutionalization of previous (modest)musicological discussions on the Opatija Forum.
U radu se razmatra ekološko obrazovanje u Srbiji, kroz analizu trenutnog stanja, ukazivanje na ključne probleme u ovoj oblasti i moguće pravce daljeg razvoja. U prvom delu rada dat je prikaz razvoja ekološkog obrazovanja u našoj zemlji sa naglaskom na ključne faze u ovom procesu. Put razvoja ekološkog obrazovanja u Srbiji kretao se od izrazitog antropocentrizma i antagonizma između čoveka i prirode, preko umerenog antropocentrizma sa primesama ekoncentrizma, do dominantnog ekocentrizma. Primetno je da razvoj ekološkog obrazovanja u našoj zemlji kasni bar jednu deceniju u odnosu na društvene okolnosti, što otvara brojne implikacije za obrazovni sistem i društvo u celini. Kada je u pitanju nastavni proces, analiza stanja pokazuje pomake koji su učinjeni implementiranjem novih sadržaja iz oblasti ekologije i održivog razvoja u postojeće predmete, kao i uvođenjem izbornih predmeta koji se odnose na ekološko obrazovanje. Pomaci su učinjeni i u domenu vannastavnih aktivnosti koje su obogaćene sadržajima iz oblasti ekologije, kao i u okviru obrazovnih politika škola, uvođenjem posebnih rubrika u školske programe kojima se definišu planirane aktivnosti iz ove oblasti. U drugom delu rada napravljen je osvrt na ključne probleme do kojih se došlo analizom postojećeg stanja u oblasti ekološkog obrazovanja. Kao največi problem izdvaja se primetni jaz između usvojenog znanja iz oblasti ekologije i individualnog delovanja pojedinca u svakodnevnom životu u pravcu očuvanja životne sredine. Pored toga, u nastavi se još uvek u nedovoljnoj meri primenjuju interdisciplinarni pristup i projektna nastava zasnovana na istraživanju čiji je doprinos u učenju ekoloških sadržaja potvrđen u nalazima brojnih istraživanja. U trećem delu rada date su preporuke za dalji razvoj ekološkog obrazovanja u našoj zemlji koje se prevashodno odnose na način učenja ekoloških sadržaja u okviru škole i koje imaju važne implikacije za kreatore obrazovnih politika, lidere u školama i praktičare. Na prvom mestu, škole bi trebalo da budu usmerene na stvaranje mogućnosti za istinski, receptivni i refleksivni odnos učenika sa prirodom. To bi značilo da se u procesu učenja ekoloških sadržaja primene pristupi čiji je uspeh već potvrđen, poput interdisciplinarnog pristupa i projektne nastave. Ostvarivanju ovog cilja pomoglo bi i intenziviranje vannastavnih aktivnosti kroz unapređivanje već postojećih (ekskurzije, nastava u prirodi) kao i uvođenjem novih, na primer ekoloških kampova i drugih organizovanih aktivnosti u prirodi koje podrazumevaju veću angažovanost učenika. Na taj način bi bilo omogućeno da se znanja stečena u nastavi povežu sa neposrednim iskustvom u prirodi. Time bi se podigao kvalitet dobijenih znanja iz ove oblasti, a ostvario bi se i pozitivan uticaj na voljni i emocionalni aspekt ličnosti učenika, što bi vodilo ka njihovoj većoj svesti o potrebi zaštite životne sredine, kao i njihovoj većoj participaciji u konkretnim aktivnostima koje se tiču očuvanja prirode i njenih resursa. Na kraju, ukazano je na važnost finansijskog aspekta, pa se kao preporuka za obrazovnu politiku ističe da su potrebna veća ulaganja kako bi škole mogle dobijena sredstva da iskoriste za podizanje svojih kapaciteta u oblasti ekološkog obrazovanja, obogaćivanje nastavnih resursa, kao i za obučavanje nastavnog kadra. ; The paper deliberates environmental education in Serbia by analysing the current situation, pointing to key problems in this area and potential trends of further development. The first part of the paper is an overview of environmental education development in our country with an emphasis on key stages in this process. The developmental path of environmental education in Serbia has unfolded from strong anthropocentrism and antagonism between the man and nature, through moderate anthropocentrism with hints of ecocentrism, to dominant ecocentrism. It is obvious that development of environmental education in our country is at least a decade late vis-à-vis social circumstances, which opens a number of implications for education system and overall society. With regard to teaching process, the current situation analysis reveals the progress made by implementing new contents from the fields of ecology and sustainable development in the existing subjects, as well as by introducing elective courses related to environmental education. The progress has also been made in terms of extracurricular activities that have been enriched with ecology contents, as well as within educational policies of schools by introducing special sections in the school curricula that define planned activities in this field. The second part of the paper focuses on the key issues arising from the analysis of current situation in environmental education. The greatest problem is an apparent gap between acquired ecology knowledge and the individual's actions in everyday life regarding environmental protection. In addition, the interdisciplinary approach and research-based project teaching whose contribution to learning the environmental contents has been acknowledged by results of numerous studies are still not adequately applied in teaching. The third part of the paper provides recommendations for further development of environmental education in our country. They primarily refer to the way environmental education is taught in school and have important implications for education policy makers, school leaders and practitioners. Primarily, the schools should aim at creating opportunities for genuine, receptive and reflective relationship of students with nature. This would mean using already validated approaches to learning of environmental contents, such as interdisciplinary approach and project-based teaching. Intensifying the extracurricular activities through improvement of already existing activities (excursions, outdoor classes) and introduction of new ones, for example eco-camps and other organized outdoor activities involving a greater student engagement, would also help in achieving this goal. In this way the correlation between the classroom-obtained knowledge and immediate experience in nature would be enabled. This would improve the quality of knowledge from this field, and have a positive effect on wilful and emotional aspect of students' personality. This would also lead to their greater awareness of the need for environmental protection, as well as their greater participation in particular activities related to conservation of nature and its resources. Finally, the importance of financial aspect is underlined and the recommendation for education policy refers to requirement for greater investments. In this way, the schools could use the received funds for increasing their environmental education capacities, improving the teaching resources and training the teaching staff. ; Zbornik rezimea / 24. Međunarodna naučna konferencija "Pedagoška istraživanja i školska praksa ; Book of abstracts / 24th International Scientific Conference "Educational Research and School Practice"
