Gedrang rondom het podium. Problemen van het publiciteitsveld
In: Nieuwspoortreeks
1025 Ergebnisse
Sortierung:
In: Nieuwspoortreeks
In: Bouwstenen voor de kennis der maatschappij Nr. 67
In: Vestnik Volgogradskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta: naučno-teoretičeskij žurnal = Science journal of Volgograd State University. Serija 4, Istorija, regionovedenie, meždunarodnye otnošenija = History. Area studies. International relations, Heft 6, S. 127-134
ISSN: 2312-8704
The article presents the main results of the research of interests and political orientations of student youth which was carried out in 2014 at the Kazan federal university and its branches in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan. The choice of student youth as a reference group is caused by a number of factors, among which we should name the status of intellectual elite, social and political mobility that allows to consider students as the potential actors of socio-political transformations in the country. The data obtained during poll compared with the results of last research allow defining the dynamics of development of student youth's political sentiment in the region. The study of political attitudes, preferences of students was based on the identification of a number of indicators (degree of interest in politics, the level of personal involvement in political life) and on the study of factors that determine the motivation of political behavior of students. Empirical studies make it possible to rank the problems that dominate the political consciousness of students in the region. These include a high level of corruption in the government, inflation, rising prices, the state of health and education systems and the growing income inequality. Particular attention is accented on the problems associated with the foreign policy aspects, threats, aggression from abroad. The study showed that most young people's interest in politics is limited primarily by informational level, rarely they have desire to express their own position or judgments in political situations. The level of real political participation, socio-political activity of students is low. Obtained results let us notice the increasing trend of demonstration of protest behavior among certain part of the students.
The article contains a brief review of existing directions in social studies, emphasizing the role of social institutes, historical, cultural and communicative processes in formation of social representations about "the others", defined from the position of ethnicity or citizenship and assembled under the general name of constructivist paradigm. It is pointed out that the image of the "other" in individual and social consciousness represents a result of collective communicative activity, integrated in social reality by means of discourses, developed by elites - politicians and intellectuals and translated by educational systems and mass-media. The authors underline that the image of "other" constitutes an important component of individual world view, serving for the social identity construction and marking limits between in - and outgroups. Proximal structures of representations about "other" are built at the institutional level, while distal ones - at the group and individual level in the process on interpersonal or intergroup interaction and are changed by life experience and personal meanings and sense.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2015)3.1-36 ; В статье представлен краткий обзор существующих направлений социальных исследований, подчеркивающих роль социальных институтов, историко-культурных и коммуникационных процессов в формировании социальных представлений о «других», определяемых с позиций этничности и гражданственности и объединенных под общим названием «конструктивистская парадигма». Отмечается, что существующий в индивидуальном и общественном сознании образ «другого» является результатом коллективной коммуникативной деятельности и интегрирован в социальную реальность посредством дискурсов, производимых элитами и транслируемых через систему образования и средства массовой коммуникации. Авторами подчеркивается, что в образе «другого» отражены результаты эволюции общества, а сам он является неотъемлемым компонентом картины мира, служащим для формирования социальной идентичности и маркировки границ между своей и чужой группой. Конструирование ядерных структур представлений о «другом» осуществляется на институциональном уровне, а периферических - на социально-групповом и индивидуальном уровнях в процессе межличностного и межгруппового взаимодействия, преломляемых сквозь жизненный опыт, индивидуальные значения и личностный смысл.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2015)3.1-36
BASE
In: Acta politica: AP ; international journal of political science ; official journal of the Dutch Political Science Association (Nederlandse Kring voor Wetenschap der Politiek), Band 4, Heft 2, S. 125-138
ISSN: 0001-6810
The development of a strict methodology of observation & analysis in soc sci has always met with resistance. In the current debate on this topic in the US, 2 positions can be distinguished. There are the 'theorists,' who find their inspiration in the work of recent philosophers such as H. Marcuse & J.-P. Sartre; they rate the formation of a pol'al theory as a 1st priority. Then there are the 'behaviorists,' whose first care is for sci'fic method. This contrast is reviewed on the basis of the document, "Political Science at Berkeley, An Invitation to a Discussion," which was published anonymously by a group of students. The criticism of these students can be summarized under the headings 'commitment' & 'relevance.' As far as commitment is concerned, the critics reproach the behaviorists for not taking stands in important contemporary moral issues, & for identifying with the status quo. It is argued here that what leads to acceptance of & identification with the existing pol'al order is not behaviorist methodology as such, but rather the mood of the behaviorists. As far as 'relevance' is concerned, the critics are impatient with the futile detail analysis & data collecting of the behaviorists. The behaviorists' use of a strict methodology of explanation by generalization leads to a reduction of the scope of analysis. Then only the 'easy' aspects ('easy' to quantify, 'easy' to collect, etc) are analyzed, & discontinuous developments are neglected. The argument presented here is that the lack of a dynamic theory of the pol'al process is an impediment indeed for pol'al sci, but that, again, behaviorism as such cannot be accused of being 'conservative' or 'conformistic': the refutation of race theories, for example, was rather a radical undertaking. It is concluded that for the time being it is not necessary to lay other bounds on pol'al sci than those that follow from the claims of rational debate & intellectual honesty. HA.
This article examines the history of struggle against begging in Russia, which in different periods was regulated by both criminal and administrative measures. The need for retrospective analysis is due to the fact that begging from the occupation characteristic of the poor and disadvantaged, turned into an illegal business, which attracted the attention of fraudsters and organized criminal groups. In addition, in modern Russian legislation there is no system of legal measures to counteract begging. The authors periodization of domestic legislation aimed at combating begging is given. The author concludes that at each historical stage the implementation of legislative measures was complicated by the favorable attitude of citizens to begging and such objective factors as wars, crop failures, epidemics. The author believes that the historical period in which the balance between repressive and social measures was achieved is the end of the XIX century. In conclusion, the author comes to the conclusion that state measures to combat begging should be aimed at social security of people who really need help, and combating professional begging. ; В данной статье исследуется история борьбы с попрошайничеством в России, которая в разные периоды регулировалась как мерами уголовно-правового, так и административно-правового характера. Необходимость ретроспективного анализа вызвана тем, что попрошайничество из занятия, характерного для нищих и обездоленных, превратилось в незаконный бизнес, привлекший к себе внимание мошенников и организованных преступных групп. Помимо этого, в современном российском законодательстве отсутствует система правовых мер противодействия попрошайничеству. Приводится авторская периодизация отечественного законодательства, направленного на борьбу с попрошайничеством. Делается вывод, что на каждом историческом этапе реализация законодательных мер была осложнена благосклонным отношением граждан к попрошайничеству и такими объективными факторами, как войны, неурожаи, эпидемии; историческим периодом, в котором было достигнуто равновесие между репрессивными и социальными мерами, является конец XIX в. В заключение автор приходит к выводу, что государственные меры по борьбе с попрошайничеством должны быть направлены на социальное обеспечение лиц, действительно нуждающихся в помощи, и противодействие профессиональному попрошайничеству.
BASE
In: CEP 309