Suchergebnisse

With the rapid expansion of the sports sector, the expression of social responsibility in various business structures is also high. Although social responsibility factors are increasingly being applied in Western organizations, this is not yet the case in Lithuania and in companies. (Gižienė, Palekienė, Simanavičienė2011). The economically growing sports sector is becoming attractive not only to the public sector, which is pursuing national goals, but also to private business structures that see the potential for economic benefits from certain sports. In this way, leaders of sports organizations can use social responsibility initiatives as a tool to enable their organization to improve their strategic and financial position (Smith, Westerbeek, 2007). It is observed in the literature that not only the governing bodies but also the employees occupying another hierarchical position have an influence as a socially responsible organization (Sheth, Babiak, 2010). For organizations that want to succeed, the priority must be not only the financial situation, shareholders, sponsors, etc., but also the community, non-governmental organizations, because business must interact with its environment in order to be successful. (Juščius, Griauslytė, 2014). In order to be a socially responsible sports organization, it is necessary to understand in which areas of social responsibility the expression of the members belonging to the organization is most important. The question is: how do people, executives and athletes in sports organizations view the level of corporate social responsibility and what are their social responsibility priorities? The aim of the research: Determine the level of expression of social responsibility in terms of managers, athletes and employees. Objectives of the research: discuss the components of social responsibility in organizations; o analyze the theoretical aspects of the expression of social responsibility of organizations in sports organizations; to conduct a comparative analysis of the opinion of ...

Good foreign practices from the Western world help to form the emerging Lithuanian ideology of prison. The idea of resocialization, which was adapted through cooperation, is also being consolidated in the legal documents and legal acts of the Lithuanian penitentiary system and gradually is being implemented in prisons. The prison system of the Kingdom of Norway is becoming a leader by developing a new approach about sentencing and imprisonment. The careful and empathetic approach towards infringers implemented in their system creates the possibility of ensuring greater security for the institutions, employees, convicts and the public, reducing the risk of recidivism in the future. Not only that but also it shapes good practice that is willing to be shared with other developing democratic countries. The dynamic supervision approach is one of the hallmarks of the Norwegian law enforcement system. The core aspect of this method is a positive and professional relation between employee and a convict, which not only seeks to get to know and understand the convicts individually, but also to engage them in meaningful activities, as well as to assess and manage potential risks and thus ensure a safe environment for everybody – employees, convicts and the public. In this way, Norway's penitentiary system remains a model for other countries to change their attitudes towards convicts and helps to develop social skills to ensure easier and more successful integration into society. The aim of this work is to evaluate the factors of implementation of the principles of dynamic supervision of the Kingdom of Norway in the Lithuanian public administration system. It was sought to find out the importance of dynamic supervision in the organization and implementation of the resocialization model, to determine the influence of good foreign practice on the Lithuanian penitentiary system and to investigate the implementation of dynamic supervision in pilot institutions - Vilnius Correctional Facility and Pravieniškės Correctional Facility. These two institutions are considered to be pilot, according to the fact that the Department of Prisons under the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Lithuania, together with its partners in the Kingdom of Norway is currently focusing on them in order to create a more successful resocialization model in Lithuania. The empirical part of this research - the qualitative research – is to evaluate the opinions of the employees and the convicts from Pravieniškės Correctional Facility about the organization and implementation of dynamic supervision. The method of comparative analysis was used to overlook the relevancy of the dynamic supervision method of the Kingdom of Norway and its principles in the practice of execution of sentences in Lithuania. The adaptation, implementation and accommodation of good foreign practices were identified during the research. By comparative analysis, on empirical research it was found out on what aspects Lithuanian penitentiary system should raise awareness in order to achieve a more efficient resocialization process. Having this in mind, conclusions and recommendations are also provided.

Good foreign practices from the Western world help to form the emerging Lithuanian ideology of prison. The idea of resocialization, which was adapted through cooperation, is also being consolidated in the legal documents and legal acts of the Lithuanian penitentiary system and gradually is being implemented in prisons. The prison system of the Kingdom of Norway is becoming a leader by developing a new approach about sentencing and imprisonment. The careful and empathetic approach towards infringers implemented in their system creates the possibility of ensuring greater security for the institutions, employees, convicts and the public, reducing the risk of recidivism in the future. Not only that but also it shapes good practice that is willing to be shared with other developing democratic countries. The dynamic supervision approach is one of the hallmarks of the Norwegian law enforcement system. The core aspect of this method is a positive and professional relation between employee and a convict, which not only seeks to get to know and understand the convicts individually, but also to engage them in meaningful activities, as well as to assess and manage potential risks and thus ensure a safe environment for everybody – employees, convicts and the public. In this way, Norway's penitentiary system remains a model for other countries to change their attitudes towards convicts and helps to develop social skills to ensure easier and more successful integration into society. The aim of this work is to evaluate the factors of implementation of the principles of dynamic supervision of the Kingdom of Norway in the Lithuanian public administration system. It was sought to find out the importance of dynamic supervision in the organization and implementation of the resocialization model, to determine the influence of good foreign practice on the Lithuanian penitentiary system and to investigate the implementation of dynamic supervision in pilot institutions - Vilnius Correctional Facility and Pravieniškės Correctional Facility. These two institutions are considered to be pilot, according to the fact that the Department of Prisons under the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Lithuania, together with its partners in the Kingdom of Norway is currently focusing on them in order to create a more successful resocialization model in Lithuania. The empirical part of this research - the qualitative research – is to evaluate the opinions of the employees and the convicts from Pravieniškės Correctional Facility about the organization and implementation of dynamic supervision. The method of comparative analysis was used to overlook the relevancy of the dynamic supervision method of the Kingdom of Norway and its principles in the practice of execution of sentences in Lithuania. The adaptation, implementation and accommodation of good foreign practices were identified during the research. By comparative analysis, on empirical research it was found out on what aspects Lithuanian penitentiary system should raise awareness in order to achieve a more efficient resocialization process. Having this in mind, conclusions and recommendations are also provided.

The processes of privatization state property, which were executed in the Baltic States during 1991–2000, were very important not only for employees of privatized and technologically related companies but also for branches of economy, in which investors were attracted, as well as for social and economic progress of each Baltic State and for the strategic development direction of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia in long perspective. At the beginning of the analyzed period, when the state ownership in the Baltic States was absolutely dominant, and dependence on former USSR (particularly on Russia – the successor of duties and rights of USSR) in economic-commercial areas was over 90 per cent, and they were obliged to use ruble as the only means of payments and settlements, the Baltic States started to implement complex of reforms in legal, social and economic areas. The Baltic States implemented these reforms as quickly as possible (except for Lithuania in 1993–1996), reducing their dependence on the emerging corruption-oligarchic system in Russia, which became much stronger by Russia's choice of a faulty privatization model, the results of which had impact on the economic-commercial processes of the Baltic States. Having no analogs in the world practice, the Baltic States implemented reforms in their economic-commercial and social areas, enacted both general laws governing the activities of the state and specific laws regulating management of enterprises, and within a minimum time period prepared for the privatization of state property. The author of this article tried to take into account new aspects of the main features of the privatization management methods in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, advantages and disadvantages of these methods, as well as basic factors (usage of the investments certificates, preferences for employees and attraction of strategic investors), which in the first stage of privatization considerably influenced this process. The implementation of the German privatization management model in the ...

Indonesia's ethics and political decency were torn apart in the case of the Democratic Party's internal conflict. This is due to the existence of an element of the government as a regulator who took over the position of the general chairman of the Democratic Party. News about this internal conflict appeared in various constructions by print mass media, electronic radio, television, and online media. The purpose of this study was to determine the social construction of Suara.com's coverage of the Extraordinary Congress (KLB) of the Democratic Party. For this reason, discourse theory and the social construction of reality are used. The research method analyzes text media framing model Zhongdang Pan-Gerald M. Kosicki. The research subject is the Suara.com news portal, while the research object is related to the Extraordinary Democratic Party Congress from March 5 to March 31, 2021. The research results from the syntactic structure, Suara.com journalists provide a portion, which does not feature one party and reports publicly about the Extraordinary Democratic Party Congress equally from both camps. The script written fully with 5W+1H from both sides is not directed and deserves to be read. Thematic structure, facts are written based on information from both parties. Some are sourced from written statements and analysts from political experts. The rhetorical system, the choice of words or style to emphasize the meaning from both sides, is balanced by the photos shown. Suara.com packaged and framed the news of the Extraordinary Democratic Party Congress by not highlighting the Moeldoko and Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono (AHY) camps but emphasizing the moral hazard aspect in political behavior. With this construction, Suara.com continues to voice the public interest rather than the interests of the capital owners or their political alliances.

The term "freedom of expression" is quite broad and holistic. It includes, within its ambit, not only the conventional freedom of speech and freedom of media, but also the freedom of thoughts, cultural expression, conscience, and intellectual inquiry. Freedom of expression ensures an individual's right to express his/her views openly within the domain of constitution, which also contains the right to be criticial of the prevailing injustices, illegal, anti-social activities, and incompetence and failure of ¬¬¬the government. All this is with a guarantee of safety and without any apprehension or fear of retaliation. Freedom of expression, in contemporary times, also embraces the right to be informed and seek information by the public, to express opinions, and advocate amendments, including changing the regime without resorting to violent means through peaceful measures available in the public domain, with reasonable restrictions. In the past decade and half, Turkish experience as a transitional democracy presents an interesting case study to explain as to how the state of freedom of expression is causally related to the failure of the EU-driven reform process undertaken by the ruling AKP (Turkish: Adaletve Kalkınma Partisi) since the year 2002, when the party won the Parliamentary elections in Turkey for the first time. The issue about the press freedom and freedom of expression in Turkey has for very long time, attracted a great amount of scholarly attention and provoked extensive debate both inside and outside Turkey. Although Turkey remains one of the rare democracy in the West Asia, a region with strong monarchic and semi-monarchic tradition of government, a series of development in the past years has raised several interrogations about the qualitative and quantitative aspects of democracy in Turkey under the AKP.

Green economy is a new type of economic system aimed at harmonizing economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social justice. Governments seek to influence green economies with political measures, and green deal policies could be defined as such. Nevertheless, green economy and green deal remain under researched by Lithuanian academics. Due to ambitious goals to solve climate change challenges, abundant funding and high coverage, evaluation of the green deal policy measures is relevant both in European Union and Lithuania. However, no ex-ante evaluations of European green deal implementation in Lithuania have been carried out so far. Therefore, problem of the research is defined as a lack of ex-ante evaluation of the green deal implementation measures. Research object is the implementation measures of European green deal policies in Lithuania. Based on the problem of the research aim of the project is to conduct an ex-ante evaluation of the green deal implementation measures in Lithuania. There are three objectives to achieve the aim of the project. The first objective is to uncover the links between green economy and green deal concepts, reveal the theoretical aspects of these concepts as well as of the ex-ante evaluation and to build an ex-ante evaluation methodology. Implementation measures of green economy and green deal could be defined as either enforcing environmentally friendly behaviour or punishing for polluting. Two theory-based evaluation approaches were combined to build an ex-ante evaluation methodology, namely program logic model and theory of change. Ex-ante evaluation of the green deal implementation policy measures methodology consists of evaluation criteria linked with corresponding parts of the evaluation model and specific evaluation questions for green economy and green deal. The second objective is to carry out analysis of green economy implementation measures in different countries and thus complement ex-ante evaluation methodology. Analysis of Canada, China and Denmark allowed to compare these countries and revealed that relevance, effectiveness, impact, and coherence criteria were met or partially met in all countries, efficiency criterion was not met in neither, and sustainability criterion was met in China and Denmark but not Canada. It was also revealed that policy measures enforcing environmentally friendly behaviour are prevailing in all countries. Analysis also let to assign two specific indicators for each criterion thus supplementing and detailing evaluation methodology. The third objective is to carry out the ex-ante evaluation of European green deal implementation measures in Lithuania, using the supplemented methodology. Evaluation revealed that relevance and coherence criteria were met, impact and sustainability criteria were partially met whereas efficiency and effectiveness criteria were not. it was determined that green deal implementation policy measures in Lithuania are mostly aimed at economic dimension whereas there are considerably less measures planned for both environmental and social dimensions. It has also been revealed that most of the planned policy measures are aimed at enforcing environmentally friendly behaviour but not to punish for transgressions. It was determined that green deal policy in Lithuania is primarily viewed as European Union priority but not as a national strategy. Lithuanian society is poorly included and informed about the benefits and implementation of the green deal policy measures; this lack of inclusion leads to limited impact of the green deal policy implementation measures. Scientific literature review method was applied for analysing the concepts, links and theoretical aspects of the green economy, green deal, and ex-ante evaluation as well as for conducting analysis of the green economy implementation measures in different countries, building and supplementing methodology of the ex-ante evaluation. Ex-ante evaluation of the green deal policy implementation measures in Lithuania was conducted by using analysis of the secondary sources as well as qualitative data analysis. Ex-ante evaluation of the green deal policy implementation measures in Lithuania not only offers valuable and new academic knowledge but also useful information for policy makers to evaluate both strengths and weaknesses of the planned green deal implementation measures.

Green economy is a new type of economic system aimed at harmonizing economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social justice. Governments seek to influence green economies with political measures, and green deal policies could be defined as such. Nevertheless, green economy and green deal remain under researched by Lithuanian academics. Due to ambitious goals to solve climate change challenges, abundant funding and high coverage, evaluation of the green deal policy measures is relevant both in European Union and Lithuania. However, no ex-ante evaluations of European green deal implementation in Lithuania have been carried out so far. Therefore, problem of the research is defined as a lack of ex-ante evaluation of the green deal implementation measures. Research object is the implementation measures of European green deal policies in Lithuania. Based on the problem of the research aim of the project is to conduct an ex-ante evaluation of the green deal implementation measures in Lithuania. There are three objectives to achieve the aim of the project. The first objective is to uncover the links between green economy and green deal concepts, reveal the theoretical aspects of these concepts as well as of the ex-ante evaluation and to build an ex-ante evaluation methodology. Implementation measures of green economy and green deal could be defined as either enforcing environmentally friendly behaviour or punishing for polluting. Two theory-based evaluation approaches were combined to build an ex-ante evaluation methodology, namely program logic model and theory of change. Ex-ante evaluation of the green deal implementation policy measures methodology consists of evaluation criteria linked with corresponding parts of the evaluation model and specific evaluation questions for green economy and green deal. The second objective is to carry out analysis of green economy implementation measures in different countries and thus complement ex-ante evaluation methodology. Analysis of Canada, China and Denmark allowed to compare these countries and revealed that relevance, effectiveness, impact, and coherence criteria were met or partially met in all countries, efficiency criterion was not met in neither, and sustainability criterion was met in China and Denmark but not Canada. It was also revealed that policy measures enforcing environmentally friendly behaviour are prevailing in all countries. Analysis also let to assign two specific indicators for each criterion thus supplementing and detailing evaluation methodology. The third objective is to carry out the ex-ante evaluation of European green deal implementation measures in Lithuania, using the supplemented methodology. Evaluation revealed that relevance and coherence criteria were met, impact and sustainability criteria were partially met whereas efficiency and effectiveness criteria were not. it was determined that green deal implementation policy measures in Lithuania are mostly aimed at economic dimension whereas there are considerably less measures planned for both environmental and social dimensions. It has also been revealed that most of the planned policy measures are aimed at enforcing environmentally friendly behaviour but not to punish for transgressions. It was determined that green deal policy in Lithuania is primarily viewed as European Union priority but not as a national strategy. Lithuanian society is poorly included and informed about the benefits and implementation of the green deal policy measures; this lack of inclusion leads to limited impact of the green deal policy implementation measures. Scientific literature review method was applied for analysing the concepts, links and theoretical aspects of the green economy, green deal, and ex-ante evaluation as well as for conducting analysis of the green economy implementation measures in different countries, building and supplementing methodology of the ex-ante evaluation. Ex-ante evaluation of the green deal policy implementation measures in Lithuania was conducted by using analysis of the secondary sources as well as qualitative data analysis. Ex-ante evaluation of the green deal policy implementation measures in Lithuania not only offers valuable and new academic knowledge but also useful information for policy makers to evaluate both strengths and weaknesses of the planned green deal implementation measures.

Stalking is considered a serious public health problem as well as a harmful form of victimization often leading to severe consequences for the victim. Although there is still little agreement on the exact definition of stalking, it has been recognized that the core elements of stalking include deliberateness and recurrence of the stalker's actions as well as victim fear and concern for safety. The main purpose of this article is to debate on the definition of stalking as well as provide the rates of stalking in Lithuania. Authors conclude that stalking refers to a constellation of a diverse range of actions and may include both direct communication with the victim and the use of cyberspace technologies. A rapid development of modern digital technologies leads to a wide variety of complex stalking behavior patterns that makes it complicated to generate an adequate legal response to this phenomenon. The results of a public survey conducted by a research group from the Law Institute of the Centre for Social Sciences in 2021 show that the rates of stalking in Lithuania are comparable to those reported in foreign studies as 17.5% of Lithuanian population have experienced stalking at least once during their lifetime. Stalking by the current or former intimate partner was the most prevalent stalking category, as it comprised nearly 39% of all stalking cases in the state. The article also covers some aspect of court practices in stalking-related cases during the period from 2016 to 2020, before anti-stalking legislation was introduced in Lithuania. By year 2021, when stalking was criminalized in Lithuania, 23 European Union member countries have managed to develop criminal anti-stalking legislation. Another aim of this article is to discuss the way criminal anti-stalking legislation was introduced in Lithuania and compare Lithuanian approach to the legal provisions enacted in other countries. Authors conclude that although the introduction of criminal anti-stalking legislation in Lithuania was an important step towards ...

Stalking is considered a serious public health problem as well as a harmful form of victimization often leading to severe consequences for the victim. Although there is still little agreement on the exact definition of stalking, it has been recognized that the core elements of stalking include deliberateness and recurrence of the stalker's actions as well as victim fear and concern for safety. The main purpose of this article is to debate on the definition of stalking as well as provide the rates of stalking in Lithuania. Authors conclude that stalking refers to a constellation of a diverse range of actions and may include both direct communication with the victim and the use of cyberspace technologies. A rapid development of modern digital technologies leads to a wide variety of complex stalking behavior patterns that makes it complicated to generate an adequate legal response to this phenomenon. The results of a public survey conducted by a research group from the Law Institute of the Centre for Social Sciences in 2021 show that the rates of stalking in Lithuania are comparable to those reported in foreign studies as 17.5% of Lithuanian population have experienced stalking at least once during their lifetime. Stalking by the current or former intimate partner was the most prevalent stalking category, as it comprised nearly 39% of all stalking cases in the state. The article also covers some aspect of court practices in stalking-related cases during the period from 2016 to 2020, before anti-stalking legislation was introduced in Lithuania. By year 2021, when stalking was criminalized in Lithuania, 23 European Union member countries have managed to develop criminal anti-stalking legislation. Another aim of this article is to discuss the way criminal anti-stalking legislation was introduced in Lithuania and compare Lithuanian approach to the legal provisions enacted in other countries. Authors conclude that although the introduction of criminal anti-stalking legislation in Lithuania was an important step towards ...

Stalking is considered a serious public health problem as well as a harmful form of victimization often leading to severe consequences for the victim. Although there is still little agreement on the exact definition of stalking, it has been recognized that the core elements of stalking include deliberateness and recurrence of the stalker's actions as well as victim fear and concern for safety. The main purpose of this article is to debate on the definition of stalking as well as provide the rates of stalking in Lithuania. Authors conclude that stalking refers to a constellation of a diverse range of actions and may include both direct communication with the victim and the use of cyberspace technologies. A rapid development of modern digital technologies leads to a wide variety of complex stalking behavior patterns that makes it complicated to generate an adequate legal response to this phenomenon. The results of a public survey conducted by a research group from the Law Institute of the Centre for Social Sciences in 2021 show that the rates of stalking in Lithuania are comparable to those reported in foreign studies as 17.5% of Lithuanian population have experienced stalking at least once during their lifetime. Stalking by the current or former intimate partner was the most prevalent stalking category, as it comprised nearly 39% of all stalking cases in the state. The article also covers some aspect of court practices in stalking-related cases during the period from 2016 to 2020, before anti-stalking legislation was introduced in Lithuania. By year 2021, when stalking was criminalized in Lithuania, 23 European Union member countries have managed to develop criminal anti-stalking legislation. Another aim of this article is to discuss the way criminal anti-stalking legislation was introduced in Lithuania and compare Lithuanian approach to the legal provisions enacted in other countries. Authors conclude that although the introduction of criminal anti-stalking legislation in Lithuania was an important step towards ...