Suchergebnisse

The paper is devoted to the study of the social and legal aspects of the
strategic development of inclusive education in higher education and social entrepreneurship. In the course of the research, the scientific, educational, methodological and normative base of the formation and organization of higher inclusive education was analyzed, its main principles and forms of organization were considered, domestic and foreign experience in this sphere was studied . According to the results of the study, the essential characteristics of "inclusiveness" and "inclusive education" are presented, the main features of the inclusive educational environment of the higher educational institution are outlined and the main directions of support for the training of students with special educational needs in the conditions of higher inclusive education are determined. The well-known norms, methods and techniques for estimating the level of inclusiveness are analyzed. The necessity to form a system of indicators for estimating the level of inclusiveness of the internal and external environment at enterprises
and institutions is substantiated.

Mit Techniken der Datenfusion lassen sich Datensätze aus unterschiedlichen Stichproben auf der Basis gemeinsamer Variablen mit Hilfe des statistischen Matchings verschmelzen. So entsteht eine virtuelle Stichprobe, die zwar vollständig, aber künstlich geschaffen ist. Fehlen in einer Stichprobe Informationen über ein Individuum, so werden sie auf der Basis der Daten eines anderen, sehr ähnlichen Individuums aus einer anderen Stichprobe abgeleitet. Die Verfasser diskutieren die Möglichkeiten der Datenfusionstechniken und stellen Parameter der Verteilung aller Variablen in der künstlichen Stichprobe auf. Von Interesse ist dabei besonders die Korrelation von nicht gemeinsam beobachteten Variablen, die nur mit Hilfe des Matchings geschätzt werden können. Simulationsstudien beschäftigen sich zudem mit den Einflüssen von nearest neighbour matches, sogenannten "Heiratsprozessen" und kleinen Stichprobenumfängen. (ICEÜbers)

The paper discusses aspects of Croatian social policy, particularly social inclusion and social dialogue, in the context of Croatia's status as a candidate country for accession to the EU. It describes the development of a European Social Model demonstrating that, notwithstanding
certain problems, significant achievements have been made within the EU. Social dialogue has evolved from consultation to social governance, and the open method of co-ordination is implemented not only regarding employment issues but also in the social inclusion process. Furthermore, European concerns have been extended to the fields of pensions and health care, which will be addressed in future joint EU Social Protection Reports. The paper notes the salience of social policy issues in previous waves of accession. Analysis of Croatian welfare reforms shows that, thus far, the EU impact has been very limited. The paper calls for strengthened efforts, by Croatia and the EU, to ensure that aspects of social policy and the European Social Model are more systematically discussed, addressed and implemented as Croatia proceeds towards EU membership.

"Social innovation of work and employment are prerequisites to achieve the EU2020 objectives of smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. It covers labor market innovation on societal level and workplace innovation on organizational level. This paper focuses on the latter. Workplace innovations are social both in their ends (quality of working life, well-being and development of talents together with organizational performance) and in their means (employee participation and empowerment). Complementary to technological innovations they regard innovations in social aspects of organizations such as work organization, HRM and work relations. Workplace innovation - or innovative workplaces as it is sometimes called - deserves to be better incorporated in EU policies, as also has been recommended by the European Economic and Social Committee and the OECD. Some countries have experienced the benefits of national campaigns already." (author's abstract)

The article presents theoretical and methodical grounds for identification of the subject of public opinion. The author finds out that functional features of public opinion determine the features of subjects too. These features tell about the subject range, structure, how it is organized, how it exerts influence on human behavior and activity of the social institutions which have the status of public opinion object.

The paper "Israel in the European neighborhood policy" attempts to explain the importance of the relation EU-Israel for the security of the European Union, but also for the global security. This task will be accomplished by analyzing basic documents vital for European political architecture, such as the European Security Strategy, Strategy Paper for Israel for the period 2007-2013, or EU/Israel Action Plan. The speeches of members of European Commission about the relation of EU with Israel are also important sources of the present paper, bringing valuable ideas who successfully complete the content of EU-Israel treaties. This paper attempts, also, to explain the functionning and the role of European neighborhood policy, its principles of action and objectives and, later on, to analyse the importance of Israel as a country found in the proximity of European Union. The reason for choosing Israel from all the other neighbors of the European Union, as subjects of European neighborhood policy, was the common values reflected in tradition and culture of the Jews from Israel and of the Europeans, enhanced by the European Jewry Heritage from Europe. We consider that the relationship between European Union and Israel is very normal and useful.
Among the priorities of action established by the two parts as a consequence of European Union-Israel treaties, we would like to point out the assignment to fight against anti-Semitism and against terrorist actions. The Jewish people are a people who passed through a lot of difficulties and inconveniences during history and through a great tragedy during the Holocaust. Israel represents the refuge they longed for centuries and democratic states do support Israeli aspiration towards having their own fatherland. Anti-Semitism increased now in the Arab world being the consequence of the conflicts between Palestinians and Israelites in the last decades. Some times it can take the form of terrorist action and hence the connection with terrorist networks. The fight against terrorism is not strictly connected with anti-Semitism; terrorist networks are acting more and more widely, including actions versus western civilization. So it is both in the interest of Europeans and Israel to act against the ones who put in danger the basic human values. Both Israel and European Union and United States also, have to reconsider their relation with Arab world whose aggression increased as being home for numerous extremist and terrorist Islamic movements. Terrorism is the present day threat and not a global war. But terrorism can cause much more damage than a war as affecting the entire world and mainly civilians. No place can be safe enough when confronting with such a threat. But the treaties between Israel and European Union have also economic, social, political, security related objectives. They have at their base the common values that Israel and European Union countries share: democracy, human rights and respect for fundamental freedoms. They wish to create more prosperous and secure countries. And they open European economy to Israeli participation. Strenghtening the economic ties between Israel and European Union, all sectors of cooperation will be strenghtened because economic interest is at the basis of long term relations. The method of work will be critical interpretation of the documents concerning European neighbourhood policy and its connection to Israel. The purpose is to understand the written base of EU and Israel relations as a precondition for further possible analysis of the diplomatic relations and politics of the two entities. Our position is to encourage the relationship between Israel and European Union. Israel and the European Union countries are united through historical ties as Jews from whole Europe contributed after 1948 to the creation and development of the Israelian state. Their relationship appears us very normal and an expected result.

Für die quantifizierende Geschichtsschreibung sind Inhaltsanalysen nur verwendbar, wenn die Daten durch einen Reduktionsprozeß zur elektronischen Datenverarbeitung vorbereitet werden. Der Autor stellt die unterschiedlichen Soft-Ware-Programme vor, die eine entsprechende Textverarbeitung ermöglichen. Schwächen und Möglichkeiten der einzelnen Systeme werden erläutert. Abschließend gibt der Autor einen Überblick über bisher in Projekten erfolgte quantitative Verarbeitung von Texten auf Basis einer Inhaltsanalyse. (BG)

The Jews of Romania and Hungary who returned home from the Holocaust faced a series of difficulties amongst which we single out: to resume property of their houses and goods; a poor state of health after the deportation; the vast majority of them were in no shape to make a living. They oscillated between integration in the societies created by the communists, and immigration to Israel whenever the communist regimes from these two countries were more permissive. They were rather victims of the communist regimes, their expectations were not met in the communist states and the ones who managed to get out had lost all their assets, apartments, and jobs when they applied for emigration.

Among the main conditions for joining the European Union (EU) is the protection of human rights, particularly the protection of minority rights. This paper will consider the protection of minority
rights in Croatia since independence in 1991. In four chapters the paper analyses some of the essential segments of the protection of minorities in the international context as well as the obligations of Croatia in this context. The analysis centres on the Constitutional Law on the Rights
of National Minorities adopted in December 2002. The position of minorities before and after this law came into force is compared.

Professional learning on social media is generally framed as unproblematic, but the transition to these platforms marks a change as professionals' work is conditioned by their logic and economy. In this paper, our focus is how problematic inequalities of teachers' professional learning around access, participation and resources are produced as their professional exchanges is formed by social media participation. Three aspects of inequality have been examined. First, the performance of teachers' (un)equal professional opportunities; second, (un)equal access to resources; and third, (un)equal existential opportunities for professional development. We draw on examination of three-years of API data from a large teacher Facebook-group asking, who can participate (gender, location), what voices are heard (status, language), and how does the social media platform condition professional exchange and participation? Our results consider the opportunities and costs for teachers as individuals, professionals and intellectuals. They reveal problematic temporal aspects such as work intensification, and limited professional exchange, partly conditioned by the platform functionality.

"The proposed presentation has two aims: (a) It will outline a theoretical understanding of 'citizenship' that is rooted in sociological systems theory and in sociolinguistic approaches. With this approach it tries to develop a sociological supplement to the more normative notions of governance and citizenship in the legal and political sciences. (b) It will apply these theoretical considerations to a comparative view on forms of citizenship, which can be observed in participatory procedures in different European countries. The rationale of such a perspective is, at the end, to aim at a sociologically grounded evaluation of normative expectations about 'adequate' and 'legitimate' forms of participatory governance. The task or the problem that is being solved by the idea of citizenship has been remaining identical from the beginning of political reflection in the Greek polis to the modern concepts, such as Marshall's 'Citizenship and Social Class', Barber's notion of 'Strong Democracy', Philip Frankenfeld's concept of 'technological citizenship', or more recently, Phillippe Schmitter's concept of different positions of 'holders'. All these concepts deal with a certain aspect of the relationship between persons and society. Citizenship describes the coupling between the political system and individuals or groups, often using terms of justice and community membership. In modern society, citizenship mainly has two aspects: (1) membership in a wider, largely national, context; (2) and a certain kind of social position. To be a citizen means more than being a member of a nation; it means having rights and duties, especially rights of information, rights to participation, voice, and standing for example, that is rights to being treated in a certain way. These rights and duties constitute social positions, a term by which we mean differentiated sets of social expectations. On this basis, citizenship can theoretically be understood as an aspect of social inclusion. It is then be defined as a special mode of inclusion into the political system. When inclusion is the function of citizenship, a number of different (but functionally equivalent) forms could fulfil this function. Nationality is prominent mode of inclusion into the political system, as well as electorate, for example. Participatory forms of inclusion play a respective role in public procedures. We may on the basis of functions and forms then try to identify effects of different forms. One consequence of this approach is its conceptual openness to different semantic concepts of citizenship, which can be observed in their empirical occurrence (...)." (author's abstract)

Analyses of social contexts are almost universal in social research. In many cases, however, they are not explicitly labelled or even recognized as such. The conceptual aspect of 'context' then remains implicit in the substantive research question - such as when investigating the effects of 'social background' as a characteristic of an individual's parental or family context. Systematic commonalities can be found among various analyses that either implicitly or explicitly deal with social contexts and their relevance for education. This article presents a formal classification of relevant contexts and their effects on education, discusses common methodological issues of contextual analyses and gives a brief survey of important findings in relevant research areas - in particular, family effects, peer effects, school effects and effects that can be associated with larger socio-economic contexts and institutional systems.

This chapter investigates the relationship between physical space and processes of creative thinking and action. The authors build on organizational and sociological literature about social space and aesthetics, then illustrate how the latter two aspects influenced each other in five action experiments. Small mixed groups explored how they would use a studio to facilitate social innovation and to strengthen the link between the Max Stern Jezreel Valley College in Israel and the surrounding communities. Analysis of the video recordings identified seven configurations of social space that changed over time as the participants engaged in the task. The authors suggest that the undifferentiated and unencrusted nature of the space was both a source of uncertainty and potential for the participants. Some groups generated more innovative processes and products than others. The study also offers insights into the importance of embodied action and verbal discourse in innovative processes.