Sustainable development aims at addressing economic, social, and environmental concerns, but the current lack of responsive environmental governance hinders progress. Short-term economic development has led to limited actions, unsustainable resource management, and degraded ecosystems. The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) may continue to fall short of achieving significant progress without a better understanding of how ecosystems contribute to achieving sustainability for all people. Ecosystem governance is an approach that integrates the social and ecological components for improved sustainability and includes principles such as adaptive ecosystem co-management, subsidiarity, and telecoupling framework, as well as principles of democracy and accountability. We explain the importance of ecosystem governance in achieving the SDGs, and suggest some ways to ensure that ecosystem services are meaningfully considered. This paper reflects on how integration of these approaches into policies can enhance the current agenda of sustainability.
The aim of this thesis paper is to integrate three important thematic aspects i.e., improve qualities in the urban ecological situation, provide ideas for handling stormwater flooding and ideas to improve socio-economic aspects for inhabitants. The integration of ideas is illustrated in a masterplan program-sketch in three phases. Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. Dhaka is a densely populated fast developing city. The chronological changes of the natural setting due to rapid growth of urbanization in Dhaka city creates an imbalance with nature and disrupts urban ecology. The green and blue structures are replaced with built areas and hard surfaces. The situation for urban ecology in the city of Dhaka affects storm water flooding and social wellbeing. The methods used for background knowledge to this proposal are literature reviews, document searches, interviews, GIS analysis and a study of role models from different countries and contexts where a variety of solutions, proposals and functions inspired me in my own sketching. The methods and the background for this thesis were used to formulate guidelines to support the overall program-sketch for the three phases in a masterplan. The first phase program-sketch includes redesigning the informal settlements in Karail into better living conditions for the dwellers according to Patrick Geddes theories by keeping the overall road- and block structure and provide new shelter, job opportunities and adding recreational values to the area. The second phase concentrated on re-establishing of water streams in a green park according to the philosophy of Fredrick Law Olmsted, and in the third phase the former airport Tejgaon to become a large green area for social meetings, recreation activities for the Dhaka city inhabitants and provide job opportunities for the informal dwellers. The discussion on strengths, limitations, challenges, and further development ends with a conclusion that it is of great importance to work integrated with the three thematic aspects urban ecology, storm water flooding and social wellbeing on an overall level and with understanding of the issues among both specialists, politicians, and inhabitants to be able to implement necessary change towards sustainability.
L'article descriu, recapitula i valora alguns aspectes i facetes de la incorporació dels educadors socials als centres escolars, un procés limitat i incomplet en algunes comunitats autònomes, i excessivament ambiciós i ràpid en d'altres. Fa especial èmfasi en: el sentit de la presència de l'Educació Social a l'escola; la descripció d'alguns espais privilegiats per intervenció dels educadors, i els elements de desacord o les situacions pendents d'aclarir que resulten del procés d'incorporació. Unes sinergies que poden representar un risc per al desenvolupament i la promoció de la professió en l'àmbit escolar. Una cooperació que contingui la capacitat tant d'integrar i afrontar les necessitats derivades dels canvis i transformacions del context social, com de planejar un projecte educatiu i de ciutadania més compromès amb una societat democràtica i participativa. ; El artículo describe, recapitula y valora algunos aspectos y facetas de la incorporación de los educadores sociales en los centros escolares, un proceso limitado e incompleto en algunas Comunidades Autónomas, y excesivamente ambicioso y rápido en otras. Hace especial hincapié en: el sentido de la presencia de la Educación Social en la escuela; la descripción de algunos espacios privilegiados por intervención de los educadores; y los elementos de desencuentro o las situaciones pendientes de aclarar que resultan del proceso de incorporación. Unas sinergias que pueden representar un riesgo para el desarrollo y la promoción de la profesión en el ámbito escolar. Una cooperación que contenga la capacidad tanto de integrar y afrontar las necesidades derivadas de los cambios y transformaciones del contexto social, como de planear un proyecto educativo y de ciudadanía más comprometido con una sociedad democrática y participativa ; The article describes, recaps and assesses some aspects of the incorporation of social educators into schools; it has been a limited and incomplete process in some autonomous regions of Spain, and too ambitious and fast in others. It, in particular, emphasizes: the im portance and sense of the presence of social education in school; some privileged spaces for the educator's intervention; and the disagreements or situations that need to be worked out as a result of the incorporation process. Those synergies can be dangerous for the development and the promotion of social education in school. Cooperation needs to be able to integrate and to face the needs resulting from the changes in the social context; but, at the same time, it needs to project a more committed education and citizenship project in democratic and participatory society.
Aquest article té el propòsit fonamental de presentar, encara que sigui de manera esquemàtica, alguns dels elements fonamentals sobre els quals se sosté la proposta política i filosòfica del Hanfeizi, un dels texts més importants de la Xina preimperial. Aquest antic text resulta especialment evocador per al pensament en la mesura que representa una veritable excepció en la teoria política clàssica. Mentre que les principals propostes sociopolítiques, més o menys utòpiques, articulades tant per pensadors occidentals com xinesos, consideren que el major obstacle per a la consecució d'aquests projectes rau en la naturalesa passional de l'ésser humà, l'obra atribuïda tradicionalment a Han Fei defensa que només és possible obtenir un cos social ordenat gràcies precisament a aquesta dimensió passional. A partir d'aquest eix argumental, el nostre article no solament tractarà d'aclarir la manera concreta en la qual es legitima i organitza aquest singular sistema ideològic, sinó que també s'esforçarà a posar de manifest els vincles ideològics comuns entre la concepció autoritària del Hanfeizi i alguns dels aspectes més essencials del liberalisme econòmic tal com es presenten en l'obra d'Adam Smith. ; basic aim of this article is to present, albeit it schematically, some of the fundamental elements upon which the political and philosophical proposal of the Hanfeizi, one of the most important texts of pre-Imperial China, is based. This ancient text is especially evocative for philosophy in that it constitutes a real exception in classical political theory. Whereas the principal socio-political proposals, which were to a greater or lesser extent utopian, put forward by both Western and Chinese philosophers, consider that the greatest obstacle to achieving these projects lies in the passionate nature of humans, the work traditionally attributed to Han Fei defends the idea that an ordered social body is only possible thanks precisely to that passionate side. Using this core argument as a basis, the article will not only try to clarify the specific way in which this unique ideological system is legitimised and organised, but also endeavours to show the common ideological links between the authoritarian conception of the Hanfeizi and some of the more essential aspects of economic liberalism as presented in the work of Adam Smith. ; El presente artículo tiene el propósito fundamental de presentar, aunque sea de manera esquemática, algunos de los elementos fundamentales sobre los que se sustenta la propuesta política y filosófica del Hanfeizi, uno de los textos más importantes de la China preimperial. Este texto antiguo resulta especialmente evocador para el pensamiento en la medida en que supone una verdadera excepción en la teoría política clásica. Mientras que las principales propuestas sociopolíticas, más o menos utópicas, articuladas tanto por pensadores occidentales como chinos, consideran que el mayor obstáculo para la consecución de esos proyectos reside en la naturaleza pasional del ser humano, la obra atribuida tradicionalmente a Han Fei defiende que sólo es posible obtener un cuerpo social ordenado gracias precisamente a esa dimensión pasional. A partir de ese eje argumental, nuestro artículo no sólo tratará de esclarecer el modo concreto en que se legitima y organiza ese singular sistema ideológico, sino que también se esforzará en poner de manifiesto los vínculos ideológicos comunes entre la concepción autoritaria del Hanfeizi y algunos de los aspectos más esenciales del liberalismo económico tal y como se presentan en la obra de Adam Smith.
In all parts of the world the sea is a source of life, of energy, of food, of commerce, of fun. Its water, wind, and waves are all in demand – as a playground for pleasure-seekers and nature-lovers, as a highway for international commerce, as a home for unique communities of wildlife and people. All this is also true for the Bothnian Sea, a part of the northern European Baltic Sea between Finland and Sweden. The Bothnian Sea is used by two neighbouring highly developed societies. There are many demands on its resources, and its open spaces are highly coveted areas for developments such as wind power farms. This relatively sparsely habitated corner of the world is also, at least at times, a place of wild seas and ancient heritage. Like planning on land, maritime spatial planning is a process that has to incorporate ideals of the public good and the various politically-anchored ways to define this, taking in to account private development interests as well as the physical realities of limited natural resources and fragile ecosystems. This book provides an introduction to the Bothnian Sea and the ideas around maritime spatial planning for its offshore areas. We have tried to present a balance between the perspectives of competing interests. As this has been a pilot initiative, we have not aimed to give you ready answers, but instead try to provoke further debate. The Bothnian Sea and its future are in your hands. The editor
Les protestes socials esdevingudes en nombrosos països durant els últims tres anys –des de Tunísia i l'anomenada "Primavera àrab" fins a les recents mobilitzacions a Turquia o Brasil– han fet aflorar un debat sobre la possible dimensió global i transestatal de totes elles. El present article pretén realitzar una aproximació descriptiva i analítica a aquest intens cicle de protestes, reflexionant sobre les diferències i similituds existents entre elles, el paper que Internet i les xarxes socials han tingut en el curs de les diferents mobilitzacions o, entre altres aspectes, el repertori d'accions que han emprat. Més enllà d'aquests trets compartits o no, l'article mira d'emfasitzar la importància d'entendre aquest cicle de mobilitzacions com un procés de repolitització social que combina les contradiccions i conflictes locals de cada context en particular amb l'aparent existència d'una demanda global per major democratització política, regeneració institucional, justícia social i reapropiació d'allò comú. ; The social protests that have take place in many countries over the past three years - from Tunisia and the so-called Arab Spring to the recent protests in Turkey and Brazil - have given rise to a debate about the possible global and transnational dimension they may have. This paper sets out to develop a descriptive and analytical approach to this intense cycle of protests, reflecting on the differences and similarities between all of them, the role that the Internet and social networks have had in the course of the different demonstrations and, among other things, the repertoire of actions that have been used. Beyond these shared traits, the paper seeks to emphasize the importance of understanding this cycle of mobilization as a social re-politicization process that combines local contradictions and conflicts of each particular context with the apparent existence of a global demand for greater political democratization, institutional regeneration, social justice and reappropriation of the common. ; Las protestas sociales acaecidas en numerosos países durante los últimos tres años –desde Túnez y la llamada "Primavera árabe" hasta las recientes movilizaciones en Turquía o Brasil– han hecho aflorar un debate sobre la posible dimensión global y transestatal de todas ellas. El presente artículo pretende realizar una aproximación descriptiva y analítica a este intenso ciclo de protestas, reflexionando sobre las diferencias y similitudes existentes entre todas ellas, el papel que Internet y las redes sociales han tenido en el curso de las diferentes movilizaciones o, entre otros aspectos, el repertorio de acciones que han utilizado. Más allá de estos rasgos compartidos o no, el artículo trata de enfatizar la importancia de entender este ciclo de movilizaciones como un proceso de repolitización social que combina las contradicciones y conflictos locales de cada contexto en particular con la aparente existencia de una demanda global por mayor democratización política, regeneración institucional, justicia social y reapropiación de lo común.
Atès el seu nombre i la seva finalitat, i per a aportar un instrument més a la integració dels sectors exclosos, l'Estat espanyol va regular les empreses d'inserció a través de la Llei 44/2007, de 13 de desembre. La realització d'un TFG d'educació social ens vapermetre veure si són un instrument facilitador de la transició al treball i observar que, pel fet d'implicar la metodologia de l'animació sociolaboral, són un camp d'intervenciósocioeducativa per a l'educació social, si bé existeixen certes mancances pel que fa a la contextualització del paper i les funcions de l'educador/a social. ; On account of the number and purpose of the job integration agencies, and with a view to providing an additional impetus to the integration of disadvantaged sectors of society, the Spanish government passed Law 44/2007 of 13 December to regulate these firms. Our final-year degree project in Social Educationgave us an opportunity to see if they are an effective instrument in facilitating the transition to work and to observe that, when the methodology of socio-occupational animation is applied, they constitute a field of intervention for social education, despite the absence of certain aspects of contextualization of the roleand functions of the social educator. ; Debido a su número y a su finalidad, y para aportar un instrumento más a la integración de los sectores excluidos, el Estado españolreguló las empresas de inserción a través de la Ley 44/2007, de 13 de diciembre. La realización de un TFG de educación social nospermitió ver si son un instrumento facilitador de la transición al trabajo y observar que, al aplicar la metodología de la animaciónsociolaboral, son un campo de intervención socioeducativa para la educación social, si bien existen ciertas lagunas en cuanto a lacontextualización del papel y funciones del educador/a social.
En tredjedel av all mat som produceras försvinner på vägen. Det innebär att en stor del av den negativa miljöpåverkan som livsmedelsproduktionen står för, har skett alldeles i onödan. I EU:s livsmedelsstrategi är matsvinn en av nyckelfrågorna.
The European Commission expects the use of biomass for energy in the EU to increase significantly between 2010 and 2020 to meet a legally binding target to cover at least 20% of EU's total energy use from renewable sources in 2020. According to estimates made by the member states of the EU, the direct supply of biomass from forests is expected to increase by 45% on a volume basis between 2006 and 2020 in response to increasing demand (Beurskens LWM, Hekkenberg M, Vethman P. Renewable energy projections as published in the national renewable energy action plans of the European Member states. ECN and EEA; 2011. http://https://www.ecn.nl/docs/library/report/2010/e10069.pdf [accessed 25.04.2014]; Dees M, Yousef A, Ermert J. Analysis of the quantitative tables of the national renewable energy action plans prepared by the 27 European Union Member States in 2010. BEE working paper D7.2. Biomass Energy Europe project. FELIS Department of Remote Sensing and landscape information Systems, University of Freiburg, Germany; 2011). Our aims were to test the hypotheses that European private forest owners' attitudes towards supplying woody biomass for energy (1) can be explained by their responses to changes in prices and markets and (2) are positive so that the forest biomass share of the EU 2020 renewable energy target can be met. Based on survey data collected in 2010 from 800 private forest owners in Sweden, Germany and Portugal our results show that the respondents' attitudes towards supplying woody biomass for energy cannot be explained as direct responses to changes in prices and markets. Our results, furthermore, imply that European private forest owners cannot be expected to supply the requested amounts of woody biomass for energy to meet the forest biomass share of the EU 2020 renewable energy target, at least if stemwood is to play the important role as studies by Verkerk PJ, Anttila P, Eggers J, Lindner M, Asikainen A. The realisable potential supply of woody biomass from forests in the European Union. For Ecol Manag 2011;261: 2007-2015, UNECE and FAO. The European forest sector outlook study,II 2010-2030. United Nations, New York and Geneva; 2011 [abbreviated to EFSOS II] and Elbersen B, Staritsky I, Hengeveld G, Schelhaas MJ, Naeff H, Bottcher H. Atlas of EU biomass potentials; 2012. Available from: http://www.biomassfutures.eu [accessed 14.10.2013] suggest. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
With continued pressure on biodiversity and ever-growing conflicts with human development, qualified systems for scenario modelling, impact assessment and decision support are urgently needed. Such systems must be able to integrate complex models and information from many sources and do so in a flexible and transparent way. To that end, as well as for other complicated and data-intensive biodiversity research purposes, the concept of LifeWatch has emerged. The idea of LifeWatch is to construct e-infrastructure and virtual laboratories by integrating large data sources, computational capacities, and tools for analysis and modelling in an open, serviceoriented architecture. To be efficient and accurate, a continuous inflow of large quantities of data is essential. However, even with new techniques, government-funded monitoring data and research data will not feed the system with up-to-date species information of sufficient scale and resolution. To fill this void, skilled amateur observers (citizen scientists) can contribute to a very valuable extent. After a preparatory phase, a Swedish LifeWatch (SLW) consortium was initiated in 2011. Swedish LifeWatch developed an infrastructure where all components are accessible through open web services. At the SLW Analysis portal, different formats of species and environmental data can be accessed instantly, and integrated, analysed, visualized and downloaded at selected temporal, spatial or taxonomic scales. Swedish LifeWatch currently provides 46 million species observations from eight different databases, all harmonized according to standardized formats and the Dyntaxa taxonomic backbone database. Almost 40 million of these observations were provided by citizens through the online reporting system named the Species Observation System (SOS) or Artportalen. This paper describes this system, as well as the incentives that make it so successful. The citizen science data in the SOS are accessible, together with data from research and monitoring, in the SLW infrastructure, making the latter a powerful instrument for large-scale data extraction, visualization and analysis.
Heritage cereals, a group of cereals that have not been subjected to modern crop breeding, have been getting attention due to their generally high genetic diversity, traits like high drought and disease tolerance as well as high nutritional values. Knowledge about how consumers relate to heritage cereals in Sweden is limited, and therefore this thesis aims to, firstly, explore acceptance, awareness and preferences among a specific consumer group; students in the agriculture program at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, and, secondly, quality perception in relation to heritage cereals among consumers, bakers and retailers, in a Swedish context. The thesis used a mixed-method approach, and is based on quantitative data from a survey to capture perspectives from the student consumer group and semi-structured interviews with bakers and retailers to gain additional perspectives about food quality. The findings from this study suggests that the awareness of heritage cereals is high among the specific consumer group. Bread and pasta make up the most preferred food products, and supermarkets were the most preferred shopping location. Gender had some influence on differences within the group, while high similarities were found between the different educational backgrounds. Results from the survey indicate that taste and Swedish food production are two very important food quality aspects for heritage cereals. Additionally, quality aspects like health, environmental impact, organic and local production were also found to be important to consumers, bakers and retailers. Consuming heritage cereals can also be seen as a tool to support sustainable food systems and different political discourses, avoiding risks associated with industrial farming and express belonging to certain cultural identities. These were also important dimensions of heritage cereal food quality. ; Kulturspannmål, en grupp av spannmål som inte genomgått modern växtförädling, har under de senaste åren fått allt mer uppmärksamhet på grund av ...
L'envelliment demogràfic comporta reptes socials, econòmics i polítics. Davant la proliferació de treballs que aborden el fenomen des del vessant quantitatiu, centrats en els canvis en l'estructura demogràfica de la població i les implicacions que pugui tenir en pilars bàsics de l'estat de benestar, aquesta tesi proposa un enfocament alternatiu centrat en el seu aspecte qualitatiu basat en el concepte d'envelliment actiu, l'objectiu del qual és la promoció de la participació social i laboral, l'autonomia i la vida independent de les persones grans. ; El envejecimiento demográfico entraña retos sociales, económicos y políticos. Ante la proliferación de trabajos que abordan el fenómeno desde la vertiente cuantitativa, centrados en los cambios en la estructura demográfica de la población y las implicaciones que pueda tener en pilares básicos del estado de bienestar, esta tesis propone un enfoque alternativo centrado en su aspecto cualitativo basado en el concepto de envejecimiento activo, cuyo objetivo es la promoción de la participación social y laboral, la autonomía y la vida independiente de las personas mayores. ; Demographic ageing has social, economic and political challenges. There has been a proliferation of papers addressing the phenomenon from the quantitative aspect, focusing on changes in the demographic structure of the population and the implications it may have on basic pillars of the welfare state. But this thesis proposes an alternative approach focused on its qualitative aspect based on the concept of active aging, which aims to promote social and labour participation, autonomy and independent living for the elderly.
This thesis investigates the deliberative potential in two communicative initiatives resulting from the 2001 government policy in Swedish nature conservation, A coherent nature conservation policy. The two initiatives, which constitute the empirical material in the thesis are, (1) a national competence development programme that the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency ran 2008-2011, Dialogue for nature conservation, and (2) the nature interpretation at naturum, visitor centres at national parks and nature reserves. Data was generated through qualitative interviews with nature conservation administrators at county administrative boards; participant observation at dialogue courses and workshops with researchers and nature interpreters; video analysis of recorded nature interpretation sessions at naturums; documentation from naturum exhibitions; and document and literature studies. The thesis draws from critical theory and clarifies rationales behind communicative practices in nature conservation. The analysis shows that the communicative initiatives are dominated by the instrumental state rationality, circumscribing space for communicative rationality. The 2001 nature conservation policy emphasised communication, but the communicative initiatives did not sufficiently integrate democratic aspects. By identifying the role of meaning-making as a central phenomenon in a communicative process, the thesis indicates how to include democratic dimensions in communicative work. The theoretical contribution of the thesis draws from an analysis of modernity, nature alienation and reconciliation. In the thesis, naturum is identified as a communicative forum with an underdeveloped potential for reconciliatory activities, more precisely deliberations on nature in nature. The thesis contributes to the field of environmental communication through highlighting how communicative practices of nature conservation depend on both communication and materiality.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the biggest threats against public health in the world. Antimicrobial substances are used within all different sectors and contribute to development of AMR. Global action against irresponsible use of antibiotics and further development of AMR has been of great concern in the last years and risk factors are being pointed out. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have a precarious role in the matter. Insufficient health care systems, poor law enforcement and, high accessibility of over-the-counter drugs (OTCs) are contributing to the unregulated use of antibiotics. Poorly developed surveillance programmes make it hard to correctly analyse the situation of both antimicrobial use (AMU) and AMR. Bangladesh, like its neighbouring countries, faces a lot of challenges regarding public health. One of the major concerns related to public health is access to safe food. Food products can be contaminated with toxins, chemical substances, and microbial organisms, including AMR-bacteria. Furthermore, national programmes for surveillance of AMU and AMR are inadequate. In this study, data from previously done field studies by Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Bangladesh Food Safety Authority (BFSA), International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), and International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and newly collected information from interviews were put together to analyse the AMR situation in Bangladesh. Sampling of food products (tomato, chicken, fish) from traditional markets and supermarkets was done at three locations representing rural, peri-urban, and urban areas from November 2018 to June 2019. Samples were tested for prevalence of Salmonella spp, Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae. Samples positive for bacteria were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility through disc diffusion test. As a supplement to the analysis of samples, questionnaires to the vendors of the food products were made to provide background information. During 2020, statistical analysis of previously collected data and interviews with stakeholders working with AMR was made. The interviews aimed to serve as baseline information about current conditions regarding AMU and AMR. 320 cultivations of 1589 (20.1%) were positive for bacterial prevalence. 319 of these were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility where 203 (63.6%) were found to be multidrug-resistant (MDR) (resistant to three or more antibiotic groups). Furthermore, interviews with stakeholders stated that surveillance of AMU and AMR in Bangladesh is inadequate, especially within the animal and agriculture sector, and that a one health approach on a government level is needed to improve the situation. To be able to fully analyse the AMR situation in Bangladesh, a nation-wide study would need to be conducted, within all sectors, including both AMU and AMR testing.
El desenvolupament sostenible s'ha d'orientar a buscar una avaluació qualitativa per l'ésser humà i el seu grup social i assegurar que les generacions futures disposin d'una base natural sostenidora. D'aquesta manera, ha de permetre involucrar i posar en primera línia les dimensions ètica, ambiental i social, fins ara deixades en segon pla, i col·locar les dimensions tecnològica i econòmica en una posició subordinada a les anteriors, a través d'un procés de transformació qualitatiu lent i gradual de canvis en el temps, dirigits a procurar la plena realització de les potencialitats humanes com a persones, grups i organitzacions. La sostenibilitat té com a requisit, a més, la necessitat d'una perspectiva sociopolítica que pensi en una democràcia més enllà de l'Estat-Nació, un sistema jurídic que garanteixi els drets civil i la justícia social, i que valori els drets intrínsecs de la natura. Des d'aquest punt, llavors, es podria pensar realment en la possibilitat de garantir a les generacions futures un mínim de benestar. ; El desarrollo sostenible debe orientarse a buscar una evaluación cualitativa para el ser humano y su grupo social y asegurar que las generaciones futuras dispongan de una base natural sustentadora. De tal manera, debe permitir involucrar y jerarquizar en primera línea, las dimensiones ética, ambiental y social, hasta ahora dejadas en un segundo plano, y colocar las dimensiones tecnológica y económica en una posición subordinada a las anteriores, a través de un proceso de transformación cualitativa lenta y gradual de cambios en el tiempo dirigidos a procurar la plena realización de las potencialidades humanas como personas, grupos y organizaciones. La sustentabilidad tiene como requisito, además, la necesidad de un enfoque sociopolítico que piense una democracia más allá del estado–nación, un sistema jurídico que garantice los derechos civiles y la justicia social, que valore los derechos intrínsecos de la naturaleza. Desde allí, entonces, se podrá pensar verdaderamente en la posibilidad de asegurar a las generaciones futuras un mínimo de bienestar.