Suchergebnisse

The aim of this study is to take lessons for policy makers by examining the theory and practice of the social ecology approach, which is studied as an alternative model to climate change, capitalism and state organization discussions, through field applications. In order to achieve this aim, the basic concepts of social ecology and the approach of ecological society to the city were examined through the examples of southeastern Turkey and 'Rojava'. In the study, an answer has been sought to the research question of "are social ecology-based field practices and theory compatible?" In the theoretical framework, the political, administrative, social and economic discourses of the ecological approach, which puts nature at its center are explained as four criteria of analysis. In the discussions part, the field practices are examined in terms of the reflection of the theory in practice, taking into account the suggestions in political, administrative, social and economic dimensions. Contrary to rhetoric, it has been explained with the kiwi bird metaphor that the practices of PKK/KCK do not adequately reflect Bookchin's social ecology approach.

This study focuses on the changes witnessed in social life throughout the Covid-19 epidemic period, particularly how the pandemic affected religious institutions. The study, which employs psychosocial analysis, investigates the alteration of social and religious life in the presence of diverse social psychology theories. During and after the epidemic, religion strives to adapt to fluid change and tries to produce a new form of belief and religiosity that will soothe anxious people, in contrast to its traditional form, in a process of radical change and social erosion in which discourses such as 'nothing will be the same as before' are frequently voiced. The fact that religion and religiosity are pregnant with new manifestations throughout the epidemic process might be regarded as an adaptation reaction or a crucial reaction to the synthetic alteration that has already begun to be felt. Religion aims to achieve a shape that takes care of the changing requirements of the person and directs his life by keeping its unchanging principles. He even took the risk of mixing secular, metaphysical, astrological, and paranormal components within himself to achieve this goal. Finally, contrary to standard secularization theorists' forecasts that religion will vanish, religion will evolve after the pandemic and continue to exist in a society that will become even more digital, a form of post-corona religiosity. By stressing the transition dynamics experienced during the epidemic era, it is intended that the research would create new topics of discussion and contribute to the field of sociology.

Toplumsal hayatın önemli dinamiklerinden olan ritüel formasyonları, ilk zamanlarda sosyoloji biliminin
odağında iken, bir müddet sonra antropoloji bilimi ile de bağdaştırılmış ve nihayetinde her iki bilim dalı
içerisinde ritüel formasyonun sorunsalı üzerinde tanımlamalar ve değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Ritüel kavramı
ile alakalı genel tanımlamaya baktığımızda, geleneksel topluluklardan modern topluluklara değin, sosyal yapıyı
biçimlendirmede ve toplumda yaşayan insanlar arasındaki bağı güçlendirmede, ritüellerin oldukça ehemmiyetli
bir fonksiyona sahip değerler ve erdemler silsilesi şeklinde tasvir edilip yorumlandığı görülmüştür. Bu
doğrultuda geleneksel toplumlarda daha çok ailevi ve dini tematik örgülerle biçimlenmiş ritüellerle
karşılaşılmış, buna karşın modern toplumlarda ise ulus, vatan ve millet temalı ritüel formasyonları uygulamaya
konmuştur. Devletler, eğitim alanında uygulanan ritüel formasyonlarından yararlanarak, ortak ülkü ve değerler
silsilesi kapsamında hem bütünlüklerini koruma hem de bâki olma noktasında, oldukça önemli bir vasıtayı
kullanmış oldular. Ritüel formasyonunu bir vasıta olarak kullanan devletler, bu ritüelleri sistem içerisinde
uygularken, yöntem olarak güç kullanmamış tam tersine gönüllülük esaslı bir yaklaşımla hareket etmeyi ve
rejimi özümseyen ve içselleştiren bir anlayışla yapılandırmayı uygun bulmuşlar ve bu doğrultuda ritüelleri
kaynak olarak değerlendiren bir yaklaşım sergilemişlerdir. Ritüelleri kaynak olarak değerlendiren devletler,
özellikle eğitim kurumlarında uyguladıkları ritüel formasyonları ile yönetime sadakat ve itaat duygusu ile
yaklaşmanın ve bu hislerle bağlanmanın farkındalığı içerisinde bir politika izlemişlerdir. Osmanlı Devleti'nde
çocukların okul ile ilgili olumsuz düşüncelerini ortadan kaldırmak, onlarda okuma hevesini uyandırmak, onların
mektep yaşamlarının hayırlarla ve başarılarla geçmesini dileyerek, duaların yapılmasına öncülük etmek gibi
gayeler ile tertip edilen "Âmin Alayı" ritüeli ile Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin kurulması ile oluşan yeni düzenin
sosyalizasyon sürecinde ve çocukların bu konu ile ilgili bilgilendirilme ve yetiştirilme evresinde, eğitim
kurumlarında uygulanan "Öğrenci Andı" ritüelinin incelendiği bu çalışma, devletlerin kendi dönemlerinde
hâkim olan paradigmalarını ve prensiplerini, ritüel formasyonları üzerinden okuma ve ortaya koyma
gayretindedir. Nitekim Osmanlı Devleti'nde mektebe başlama merasimi sırasında görülen ve İslamî tematik
örgülerle kurulu olan "Âmin Alayı" ritüeli ile çocuklar ve ebeveynleri üzerinde oluşturulan sadakat ve bağlılık
yetkesi, genç Cumhuriyet'in kurulması ile çocukların ilkokullarda her sabah hep bir ağızdan söyledikleri
"Öğrenci Andı" ritüeli ile milli, laik ve vatanperver bir temaya bürünmüş ve bu dönemde yeni kurulan düzene
farklı paradigmalar ekseninde bir bağlılık yaratılmak istenmiştir. Çünkü toplumun ve geleceğin yetişkini olarak
kabul edilen çocuklar, Cumhuriyetin ilke ve prensiplerine, norm ve değerlerine göre yetiştirilmek ve inşa
edilmek istenmiş ve bu amaç doğrultusunda devlet, eğitim kurumlarında uyguladığı ritüel formasyonlarından
destek almayı da tercih etmiştir.

Marriage plays an important role in the establishment of families, which are the basis of society. On the other hand, with the event happening of social changes, the perspective of marriage has changed, and the rate of marriage has gradually decreased. However, in most societies today, individuals are expected to marry. Thus, it is important to investigate attitudes towards marriage and related factors. This study discusses marital role expectations, which include thoughts of individuals about how they and their partners will behave in marriage. Marriage role expectations, in a sense, include their beliefs about what they will encounter in marriage, so it is thought that this may influence attitudes towards marriage. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive role of marriage role expectations on the attitudes towards marriage. The sample comprised of 484 individuals over the age of 18 (70.2% female, 29.8% male, average age was 26.02, ±5.14). The findings of the study indicated that the proposed model significantly explained attitudes towards marriage (F(3,480)= 27.60, p

Individual treatises in the Hanafi jurisprudential tradition provide an opportunity and space of legitimacy for the madhhab's legal positions. Jurists (fuqahāʾ) mainly refer to the literature to consult texts (mutūn), collections on legal opinions (fatāwā), and treatises for examining social changes. The treatises addressed various subjects, including coffee, tobacco, cash waqfs, and hunting with firearms. Tobacco drew the attention of Ottoman scholars (ulema), who began writing on the matter in the seventeenth century. The government's strict measures against tobacco use and challenges among some scholars over their legal opinions on tobacco further kindled debates in the eighteenth century. Scholars, including Shaykh al-Islams, articulated various opinions on tobacco in their treatises and fatāwā. The variety of these opinions reflected methodological issues in jurisprudence. Notably, the scholars' positions on various issues such as independent reasoning (ijtiḥād), the divisibility of ijtiḥād, imitation (taqlīd), and derivation of rules from legal principles or sources (takhrīj) all factored into the outcome and legitimacy of a jurist's studies as well as to the level of a madhhab's bindingness in the society. Therefore, treatise authors supporting the permissibility (ibāḥa) of tobacco argue, "No jurist capable of practicing qiyās (analogical reasoning) exists in their own times and thereby the item whose permissibility is discussed is permissible by the principle of original permissibility." The others holding the opposite argument emphasized that qiyās was possible and still applied.

University education may influence attitudes toward gender roles. The awareness of students in the field of health services about the gender inequalities they will encounter both during the education process and in the future while providing health services will play a role in providing health services in a more effective and equitable way. In order for university students to approach men and women with an egalitarian perspective at an early age, their gender stereotypes must first decrease and their perspectives on social relations must change positively. Therefore, university education can play an important role in influencing gender perception and attitudes towards gender roles. There is no special course on prejudice and discrimination in the training programs of Vocational Schools of Health Services that train health technicians in Turkey. Based on this, this study aimed to examine the effect of the training program given to raise awareness of prejudice, stereotypes and discrimination on the gender perception and attitude of students who will provide health care in the future. For this purpose, answers were sought to the following questions: Is there a difference in students' gender perceptions of prejudice and discrimination before and after training? Are there any differences in students' gender role attitudes regarding prejudice and discrimination before and after education? Is there a relationship between gender perception and attitudes towards gender roles? As a method, a single-group the pretest-posttest semi-experimental method was used. The research was conducted with students taking the Prejudice and Discrimination course at the Vocational School of Health Services. 95 second-grade students participated in the research. The reason why sophomore students from the Disabled Care and Rehabilitation program, the Pharmacy Services program, and the Occupational Therapy Program were selected in the study is that the "Prejudice and Discrimination" course is given in the second-grade student spring semester. Descriptive Information Form, Gender Roles Attitude Scale (GRAS), and Gender Perception Scale (GPS) were used to collect data. Before the course program started, GRAS and GPS were administered to the participants as a pretest. Afterwards, a fourteen-week course period on "Prejudice and Discrimination" was carried out. At the end of the course, GRAS and GPS were administered to the participants as posttests. According to the students' descriptive characteristics, it was found that the mean age of the participants in the study was 21.6±3.3, and that 73.7% of them were female. According to the study, most students' mothers (56.9%) and fathers (38.9%) had completed elementary school. The families of 73.7% of the participants are nuclear families. The students' average number of siblings was found to be 2.8±2.1, and the majority (51.6%) of them had both brothers and sisters. The investigation discovered that 43.2% of the students lived primarily in the city center. Most students who participated in the study said that the Black Sea region was where they spent most of their lives (46.3%). The research revealed that prejudice and discrimination training provided via online distance education methods did not affect the gender perception and gender role attitudes of second-year Vocational School of Health Services students (respectively; p = 0.890, p = 0.976). However, a positive relationship was found between gender perception and attitudes towards gender roles (pretest r = 0,825, p < 0,01; posttest r = 0,893, p< 0,01). While the total scale score of women was higher than men according to GPS and GRAS scores according to sex before the training (GPS, p = 0.002; GRAS, p

This article presents a discussion of the social consequences of coal phase-out policies determined in the context of addressing climate change and the possibility of a just transition in coal-dependent settlements. Energy production methods are changing all over the world to tackle climate change. This situation will inevitably be reflected in Turkey as well. In this regard, the main purpose of the research is to examine and introduce the just transition, which is a prominent and contemporary approach for possible coal phase-out experiences in settlements that are economically and socially dependent on coal. An overview of climate change and carbon-intensive sectors, coal mining's role in energy production, and coal phase-out policy objectives is presented in the first part of the article. Then, presented in the following are general information about the role of coal in energy production in Turkey, as well as settlements that are economically and socially dependent on coal. After providing an overview of the just transition approach and its objectives, suggestions are made for Turkey in the conclusion. Several measures can be taken to minimize the negative effects on groups involved in coal-dependent settlements and vulnerable groups as a result of possible transformation.

This research aims to understand and interpret the changes in the working and family lives of women entrepreneurs working in SMEs during the pandemic process. The research was designed with a phenomenological pattern by using qualitative research methods. The participants consisted of 14 women entrepreneurs selected by using purposeful and snowball sampling techniques among women entrepreneurs who received KOSGEB support in Ankara. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews.
It has been revealed that the most important change in the working life of women entrepreneurs during the pandemic process is the decrease in incomes and increase in expenses. The decrease in business capacity has led women entrepreneurs to exhibit pessimistic attitudes towards working life. It is possible to collect other changes in working life under the categories of decrease in the number of customers, decrease in the number of employees, change in working hours, inability to save, consuming existing savings, working from home, benefiting from social media opportunities in working life.
Although some of the women entrepreneurs stated that the pandemic was functional in terms of increasing the interaction of family members, strengthening ties and providing the opportunity to rest, it is understood that the domestic workload of women entrepreneurs increased significantly in parallel with the negativities in their working life. There has been an increase in the use of domestic labor by women entrepreneurs such as care, cleaning, nutrition, and support for education. In this context, it can be claimed that the tendency of women entrepreneurs to stay away from work and withdraw to home life is getting stronger. As a result, the pandemic process has had a knock-on effect on the working and family lives of women entrepreneurs, and has had interrelated negative consequences that can be described as double disadvantage.

At every second in any part of the world people are faced with a disaster risk. When we look at statistical data, many people lose their lives and the countries are suffering serious damage in material terms. When we look at the content of losses, we see that lack of education has made serious contributions to disaster catastrophe. As schools are among major places where education services are provided, they are the first institutions to provide awareness of individuals in disaster training. In today's developing world, there is change and development in the field of education as it is the case for all fields of life. Educational institutions, that have a traditional education understanding structured with a passive approach based on rote-learning, have adopted the philosophy of constructivist approach with 2005 program change in Turkey. Scenario-based teaching (STÖ) method is one of the education methods that take the student at the center and see the teacher as a guide. As disaster training issues are related to a lot of social loss and risk, the program of disaster training at the secondary school level is included in social science courses. This study analyzes the effects of scenario-based disaster training on the disaster-related information and attitude level of secondary school students. The characteristics of the scenario-based teaching model are thought to be appropriate in teaching the disaster topics included in the updated social studies curriculum and in achieving the goals to be attained by the students. The research was conducted using quantitative research methods. In the quantitative dimension of the study, "pre and post test pattern with control group pattern" was used from experimental designs. The study group of the research is composed of 46 students who are attending to 6th grade in a randomly selected secondary school in Kocaeli, which is the most affected province from disaster in Turkey. The application phase of the study lasted 6 weeks. In this process, the experimental group were taught disaster training activities formed by scenario-based training while the control group were taught according to the currently applied traditional approach based on narrative and question-answer method. Disaster education achievement test (ABT), Disaster preparedness attitude scale (AHTÖ) were developed and used to collect the data of the study. The ABT achievement test and the AHTÖ attitude scale were administered twice to the experimental and control groups as pre - test and post - test. In the study, t-test for independent groups and t-test for dependent groups in the SPSS 22 statistical package program were performed to determine the effect of the course on the knowledge and attitudes of the students when the course is taught with the scenarios prepared according to the STÖ method. At the end of the study, it was determined that there was a significant difference between students' post-test attitude scores for disaster preparedness attitudes. Finding end result one, it shows that the STÖ method increases the attitudes towards the AHTÖ positively. It was determined that there was a significant difference between students' post-test academic achievement scores. These findings indicate that the STÖ method positively enhances the ABT-oriented academic achievement levels of students. In this context, it was concluded that Scenario-Based Training contributes to Disaster-Related Information and Attitude Levels of Secondary School Students.

The purpose of this study is to determine the earnings that people get at the end of their journey. The phenomenology approach, one of the qualitative research designs, was used in the study. Snowball sampling technique, which is one of the purposeful sampling methods, was used to determine the participants of the study. In order to obtain the views of the participants, in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 18 travelers using a semi-structured interview form. In the analysis, three different themes were obtained; the meaning of travel, the reasons for the trip and the results of the trip. As a result of the study, while the reasons for the travel are personal preferences and requirements; it has been seen that people attribute meanings to travel such as discovery, learning and development, lifestyle, courage, purification and interaction. The results of travel show itself in the form of learning and development, change in life philosophy, gaining social reputation, psychological gains, material gains, positive externalities, changes in habits and other gains. In the study, based on Bourdieu's classification, the concept of 'Travel Capital' as a new capital classification related to earnings obtained as a result of travels is discussed. In conclusion; travel capital can be defined as the whole of the material and spiritual experiences that people who set out for a purpose and complete their journey by consciously ascribing meaning, together with the places they travel, the people they meet, and the experiences they have had.

Since investor interest is not a directly measurable concept, search engine and social media data can be used to measure active investor interest. Google search volume data has the potential to help customers, investors, and policymakers make better decisions. When looking for information to make investment decisions, investors consider Google trends as they provide news about changes in prices. Studies examining investor interest in the literature have often been carried out with the applications of linear models. This suggests that possible structural changes are not taken into account in the time series. When we look at the literature, it has been shown that the prediction performance of nonlinear models is better than linear models. In addition, it is seen that the studies conducted to investigate the relationship between the return of the stock markets and the trading volume and the investor interest are frequently included in the international literature. In contrast, the studies are limited in the national literature. In this direction of the study, the relationship between the trade volume and the investor's discovery of information on the stock market by Google is examined through linear and nonlinear econometric techniques in the investor reputation hypothesis. According to the investor reputation hypothesis, investors only invest in stocks they are aware of without adequate research and knowledge. In this context, the study results were realized in a way that supports the investor recognition hypothesis within the scope of 2020. In the context of 2021, it is seen that it does not support the investor reputation hypothesis. In future studies to be carried out in this area, it seems possible to determine the degree of effect of nonlinear regression estimations and the relationship between variables.

The changing conditions of the day lead to changes in the forms and functions of the spaces and structures with the needs of the users. This change manifests itself not only in individual spaces, but also in structures with collective use, sharing and different functions such as libraries. Library structures not only support education, but also lead and support the socio-cultural and economic development of societies. Libraries come in many different forms for user diversity. At this point, academic libraries gain importance with the support and service they offer to scientists as well as students. However, it is also a fact that the traditional library services and structures, where various resources and collections are brought together, offered to the service of users and stored, do not meet the changing technological and social needs of the day. On the other hand, it should not be forgotten that user requests and needs can be easily met with the fiction and design that will be created with the right methods. In this context, the subject of the research is to understand whether the current physical conditions of the academic libraries meet the needs of the users, to evaluate how the spatial design criteria and qualities of the new generation academic libraries to be built are perceived by the students of the architecture department, to reveal the expectations and satisfaction level of the library users from the services provided and spatially. Within the scope of the study, Ondokuz Mayıs University Central Library was analyzed and student interviews were conducted. After the data and findings obtained from the studies were analyzed, suggestions were made on the subject in line with the results.

This article delves into the transformative decade between 1999 and 2009, exploring the intricate web of Jewish-Arab relations in Israel and the consequential impact of Jewish-Arab tensions on Arab politics and Arab voter behavior in Israeli elections. During this decade, internal factors, such as generational shift, leadership changes, and political pluralism, played a pivotal role in reshaping the societal landscape in the Arab sector. On the other hand, external factors, including the collapse of the Israeli-Palestinian reconciliation process and the eruption of the Second Intifada, intensified the predicament of Israeli citizens of Arab origin, amplifying their national identity dilemma. The primary objective of this study is to analyze voting patterns within the Arab sector during the elections of 1999, 2001, 2003, 2006, and 2009, thereby highlighting the profound political implications of the Jewish-Arab tensions on Arab political engagement and voting behaviors. By doing so, this research provides insights into the changing patterns of Arab votes and their impact on the broader political landscape of Israel. The findings reveal that the growing social marginalization and disconnection from the Jewish sector significantly influenced the Arab sector's electoral participation. This period witnessed a decline in Arab voter turnout and a shift in support from left-wing Jewish-Zionist parties to Arab parties, paradoxically contributing to the electoral performances of both Arab parties and right-wing Jewish-Zionist parties.