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Article is dedicated to examination and analysis of the construction of the
information model «social explosion», which corresponds to the newest «colored»
revolutions. The analysis of model makes it possible to see effective approaches to the
initiation of this explosion and by the use of contemporary information
communications as honeycomb connection and the mobile Internet.

The article is devoted to the main models and ways of forming social well-being as an indicator of the social state. The author draws attention to the ongoing measures of social support for economically disadvantaged citizens in Russia and the United States.

For some, the prolonged conflict in Yemen has incidentally opened up new career prospects.

This article analyses key positions of the critique of the social-democratic economic model. The critique is associated with the excessive role of the state, with planning, with increasing obstacles in the way of conducting business, and with the ineffectiveness of the educational system. Using as an example the functioning of the Scandinavian economic system, which in recent decades has made significant advances in constructing a just and resilient society of universal well-being, the author presents counter-arguments in defence of the effectiveness of socialdemocratic methods of administering the economic system. The work concludes that when subjected to deeper analysis, the critique of the social-democratic model in many cases lacks objectivity, while the results of the functioning of this system have been extremely positive. The successes of the social-democratic model in the Scandinavian countries have been particularly evident in the qualitative parameters of the development of society (the development of human potential, the quality and scope of medical and educational services, and the care shown by the economic system for the environment).

This article analyzes the population's self-preservation behavior based on the example of residents of Russia's Central Federal District. It is shown that self-preservation is a critical component when it comes to defining a country's demographical configuration and social development forecast model. Self-preservation and its effects turn out to be a response to consequences of social policy and the overall dynamics of life quality indexes, while shaping generational varieties of chronotopes. Self-preservation trajectories and strategies evolve as a result of socialization assisted by primary social institutions. This article presents the results of studying the population's self-preservation behavior models and the institutional factors which affect their development, while emphasizing the role of social institutions in shaping the people's attitudes in regards to their own health. The influence of primary social institutions such as family and marriage, economic and political institutions, external socialization and the healthcare system on a person's self-preservation attitudes is subject to analysis. Institutional influence is evaluated from a health condition and total life expectancy standpoint, while examining the effect institutions have on establishing self-preservation habitus and strategies, the significance of institutional barriers and the stressful impact that institutions have on the population. The empirical models used were based on studies conducted by the International Sociological Research Center at the Belgorod State National Research University in the Central Federal District in 2019. The results of those studies allowed for defining the role of social institutions within each index of the "importance model". It was found that institutional impact plays a minimal role in terms of the people's health status and solutions for modifying their attitudes towards the matter, while total life expectancy is determined primarily by economic institutions. Self-preservation behavior habitus is shaped through the institution of family and marriage. The study revealed a negative influence on self-preservation behavior through the institutional barriers of external socialization institutions. The healthcare system bore the greatest stress potential. The study can be concluded by saying that the population of the Central Federal District is prepared to assume personal responsibility for their health, and by pointing out a lack of any substantial dependence on institutions: when it comes to the people's evaluation of their own self-preservation strategies, the role of an individual not bound by institutions, together with the institution of family and marriage, dominates in terms of the intrinsic impact of the roles of all social subjects.

В статье раскрывается специфика социального контроля как социального явления. Автор анализирует как исторически изменялся социальный контроль, подходы к его определению, его виды, методы, система применяемых санкций. Особое внимание уделено выявлению источников процесса социального контроля общества.

The paper describes the further development of an agent-based multiregional input-output model of the Russian economy. We consider the idea of incorporating the government into the model and analyse the results of experimental calculations for the conditional example of spatial economy. New agents are included into the model such as the federal and regional governments, pension fund and also the state enterprises producing public goods at the federal and regional levels. The government sets four types of taxes (personal and business income taxes, VAT and payroll taxes), ensures the provision of public goods and provides social, investment and interbudgetary transfers to households, firms and budgets. Social transfers consist of social assistance and unemployment benefits. The utility functions of households are expanded by the terms associated with national and regional public goods. The budget policy is designed in accordance with the maximization of isoelastic function of social welfare that formalizes the choice between the different concepts of social justice. The Gini index is used for the monitoring the inequality of income distribution. The results of experimental calculations present the convergence of the new version of the model to the state of quasi-equilibrium. The special attention is paid an optimal level of the taxation maximizing the social welfare function. Four variants of the optimal tax rates are defined: for three major taxes at a fixed proportion of rates and for each of the tax separately at zero rates of two other taxes. The further directions of modelling are identified, they allow to investigate the spatial development of the Russian economy taking into account the decision-making by private agents in responding to government policies. ; Проанализировано развитие агент-ориентированной многорегиональной модели "затраты - выпуск" российской экономики. Представлены результаты экспериментальных расчетов по изучению сходимости модели к состоянию квазиравновесия. Особое внимание уделено поиску оптимального уровня налогообложения, при котором максимизируется функция общественного благосостояния. Определены оптимальные налоговые ставки. ; The article is prepared within the Program of the Russian Academy of Sciences IX.84.2., Project IX.84.2.1. The authors thank for Ibragimov N.M. and Gusak M.A., who took part in the preparation of initial information, the discussion of the model and the code writing of a code.

The paper raises the problem of measuring social distance in the relations between the authorities and the population. In this paper the practicability of using the hierarchies analysis method in measuring social distance in the political hierarchy of society is substantiated. ; В работе поднимается проблема измерения социальной дистанции в отношениях власти и населения. Обосновывается целесообразность использования метода анализа иерархий при измерении социальной дистанции в политической иерархии общества.

The article concerns both theoretical and practical problems of social diagnostics
technology. Aiming to create practically applied, valid and universal tool, the authors
give a thorough examination of the certain case and demonstrate the consequence and
the content of every stage in the technology development. The authors trace the
correlations between individual attitudes, behavioral models, and organizational
consequences. Basing on a managerial roles model that presupposes the correlations,
they develop and test the diagnostics model that allows to detect strengths and
weakness of certain managers as well as to predict some outcomes of their
appointment. There introduced the detailed description of the approaches and the
actions taken. The technology may be of use to managers, managerial consultants and
researchers when working over a wide range of organizational situations as well as
when developing any other diagnostics model.

This article discusses the potential of Uzbek women during the period of independence, their freedom to work in any field and their place in society.

Актуальность статьи обеспечивается необходимостью развития профессионально значимых характеристик сотрудников органов внутренних дел. Социальная ориентация профессии, направленная на защиту прав и свобод граждан, требует особых качеств для выполнения профессиональных обязанностей с соблюдением всех требований к профессиональному долгу и этике. Автором акцентируется внимание на социальной ответственности как ведущей личностно-профессиональной характеристике; дается авторское определение понятия «социальная ответственность сотрудника ОВД», раскрываются его сущность и структурные компоненты. Цель статьи - разработка структурно-функциональной модели формирования социальной ответственности сотрудника ОВД в дополнительном профессиональном образовании (обязательном и непрерывном для рассматриваемой профессии). На основании проведенного исследования автором представлена структурно-функциональная модель, включающая: целевой (цели, нормативы и планирование учебно-воспитательной работы), теоретический (компонентная структура и сущность социальной ответственности сотрудника ОВД), методологический (теоретические основания, методология и принципы организации рассматриваемого педагогического процесса), содержательно-технологический (проектирование содержания и обобщение педагогических технологий реализации рассматриваемого процесса) и диагностический (оценка и саморефлексия динамики процесса формирования социальной ответственности и методики ее анализа) блоки. Полученное обобщенное представление (модель) обусловливает возможности системной реализации поставленной задачи формирования социальной ответственности сотрудников ОВД в дополнительном профессиональном образовании.
The relevance of the article is ensured by the need to develop professionally significant characteristics of internal affairs agencies' officers. The social orientation of the profession, aimed to protect the rights and freedoms of citizens, requires special qualities to perform professional duties in compliance with all the requirements for professional duty and ethics. The author focuses on social responsibility as a leading personal and professional characteristic; provides the definition of the concept of social responsibility of a police officer, reveals its essence and structural components. The purpose of the article is to develop a structural and functional model for the formation of social responsibility of the police officer in additional vocational education (compulsory and continuous for the profession under review). Basing on the study, the author presents a structural and functional model, including: target-oriented (goals, standards and planning of teaching and educational work), theoretical (component structure and the essence of social responsibility of the police officer), methodological (theoretical foundations, methodology and principles of organization of the pedagogical process under consideration), content-technological (design of the content and generalization of pedagogical technologies for the implementation of the process under consideration) and diagnostic (assessment and self-reflection of the dynamics of the process of formation of social responsibility and methods of its analysis) blocks. The obtained generalized representation (model) determines the possibilities of systemic implementation of the task of formation of the social responsibility of police officers in additional vocational education.

The article raises the issue of the social state, which is a key issue for the modern Russian society. The author refers to the results of sociological surveys which indicate that the Russian society does not quite satisfy the criteria of a prosperous society. On the one hand, the well-being of the Russian society has been steadily increasing throughout the 2000s and 2010s; on the other hand, social inequality has been growing simultaneously. As a result, the Russian society is characterised by an extremely high level of social stratification, despite the fact that the prosperity level has grown over the last 17 years. This circumstance, as well as a very low level of social welfare of Russian citizens, according to the author, makes it necessary to bring up the issue of the social state.The author proposes to use the comparative historical approach to analysing the formation of a social state. From his point of view, understanding the ways in which a social state can be formed in Russia involves the analysis of the ways of its formation in the West (Western Europe and USA). The article analyses the origins of the social state (the issue of pauperism), historical solutions to the social issue (different model of social insurance), and examines basic models of social policy (conservative, liberal, and social democratic).The main thesis is that a social state is an institution that embodies the practice of class compromise, the willingness of the ruling classes to renounce part of their interests for the sake of social stability. The conclusion is that Russia is closer to the social democratic model of social policy; however, not all conditions for its implementation are available. ; В статье поднята ключевая для современного российского общества тема социального государства. Автор обращается к данным социологических исследований, которые свидетельствуют о том, что российское общество не вполне отвечает критериям общества благополучного. С одной стороны, благосостояние российского общества неуклонно увеличивалось на всем протяжении 2000-х и 2010-х годов, однако, с другой стороны, одновременно с этим росли социальные неравенства. В результате российское общество, несмотря на выросший за последние 17 лет уровень зажиточности, характеризуется чрезвычайно высоким уровнем социального расслоения. Это обстоятельство, а также весьма невысокий уровень социальной защищенности российских граждан, по мнению автора статьи, заставляют обратиться к проблеме социального государства.Автор предлагает использовать сравнительно-исторический подход к анализу формирования социального государства. С его точки зрения, понимание того, какими путями может сформироваться социальное государство в России, предполагает анализ путей его формирования на Западе (Западная Европа и США). В статье анализируются истоки социального государства (проблема пауперизма), исторические способы решения социального вопроса (различные модели социального страхования), а также исследуются основные модели социальной политики (консервативная, либеральная и социал-демократическая).Основной тезис заключается в том, что социальное государство есть институт, который воплощает в себе практику классового компромисса, готовность господствующих групп поступиться частью своих интересов ради сохранения социальной стабильности. Делается вывод о том, что России ближе социал-демократическая модель социальной политики, однако не все условия для ее реализации имеются в наличии.

The article surveys the theories of national economy regulation introduced by eminent economists of the Stockholm School in the late XIX - early XX centuries and the social situation in Sweden during this period. The article also analyzes the transformation of Swedish economy during XX century from a relatively pure market economy to a modern "Scandinavian socialism", focuses on the role of government agencies and the influence of the political system on this process. In addition, the paper highlights those features which, according to the author, contributed to Sweden's shift from the raw materials supplier of the leading industrial powers in the late XIX century to a current world leader in technological development.

The development of productive forces in time predetermines qualitative change of industrial relations that creates a basis for contradictory property relations involving the division of the range of powers of the owner and their partial transfer to an additional subject of ownership or a hired top manager. The article describes the conflicting interests of a hired manager and owner in relation to ownership object and the implications while realizing these interests which entail the emergence of "agency problem" or "agency relations". We study the concept of "agency costs" and their essence. We propose to use the method of business value management as a basis for a model of long-term motivation of the top manager and, thus, try to reconcile the interests of the owner and the top manager in the course of company expansion.