Suchergebnisse

Resumo Este artigo aborda a evolução recente da vulnerabilidade ocupacional e social nas grandes metrópoles brasileiras, associando essa evolução às características do processo de urbanização e desenvolvimento do País, e, mais especificamente, às transformações econômicas, sociais e políticas das décadas iniciais deste novo milênio. Com base em dados da PNAD sobre as taxas de desemprego, a inserção ocupacional, a cobertura previdenciária e a remuneração dos trabalhadores, o texto confirma como essa vulnerabilidade se reduziu entre 2004 e 2015 nos grandes centros estudados, mas evidencia, também, como esse fenômeno se interrompeu no período posterior. Assinala como esse período tem sido marcado pelo avanço do desemprego, da precariedade ocupacional e da pobreza, ressaltando, finalmente, como as tendências e as perspectivas para os próximos anos são preocupantes.

Social capital according to OECD definition is networks together with shared norms, values and understandings that facilitate co-operation within or among groups. Currently, social capital is identified as a one of the key factors of economic development. Most of the existing literature focuses on the role of social capital for economic growth, meanwhile the purpose of this study is to examine the role which social capital plays in the processes of smart growth in the EU countries. Smart growth is based on knowledge and innovation. The notion of smart growth, its factors and measuring methods are new categories which emerge from the concept of EU's strategic development objectives. The study uses a soft modelling method which allows for measuring and analysis of the relationships among unobserved variables (latent variables).

Modern problems in the rehabilitation of children with disabilities exist both in Russia and in other countries. Ignoring these problems aggravates the crisis of social maladaptation of such children. The authors identified problems in the rehabilitation of children with disabilities and analyzed their causes.

This book overviews the issue of population ageing in five countries in South Asia and projects the emerging scenarios. With a new field survey, it also documents existing policies and programs on pensions and social security, and examines their fiscal implications for the economy and society. Ageing of population is an inevitable consequence of the process of demographic transition. Being ahead, the developed regions of the world have long experienced its consequences; but the developing world is only now facing the travails of population ageing. Though the population under the age.

The research raises the fundamental need to cross the scales of approximation to the physical environment, not in a linear and schematic way, but by making leaps that occur with the social practices of everyday life that modify the limits of urban hierarchization. The method understands that the physical reality is continuous, but that the graphic approach cannot be. In regard to this point, a multi-scale analysis is proposed, defining a series of frames that meet the need for continuity in the analysis of the housing project. A multitemporal analysis is also carried out, where the transformations suffered by the housing complexes over time are identified. The comparative analysis is partially approached from different scales that are later unified in a comprehensive morpho-topological characterization of the case studies in their current state with the final objective of proposing possible regeneration strategies. The projects compared, Mucho Lote I of the Municipality of Guayaquil (2001-2005) and Socio Vivienda I of the Ministry of Urban Development and Housing of Ecuador (2008-2012), are two sets of Social Interest Housing built in Guayaquil, Ecuador, by the local government and the State, respectively, pioneers of the new housing policies that consolidate a model of dispersed and segregated urban development and individualized housing types ; La investigación plantea la necesidad fundamental de atravesar las escalas de aproximación al entorno físico, no de forma lineal y esquemática, sino dando saltos que se producen con las prácticas sociales de la vida cotidiana que modifican los límites de la jerarquización urbana. El método entiende que la realidad física es continua, pero que la aproximación gráfica no puede serlo, por lo que se plantea un análisis multiescalar, definiendo una serie de encuadres que suplen la necesidad de continuidad en el análisis del proyecto de vivienda. También se lleva a cabo un análisis multitemporal, en donde se identifican las transformaciones que sufren los conjuntos de ...

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction: Growing Up at the End of Forgetting -- 1. Documenting Childhood before and after Social Media -- 2. Forgetting and Being Forgotten in the Age of the Data Subject -- 3. Screens, Screen Memories, and Childhood Celebrity -- 4. When Tagged Subjects Leave Home -- 5. In Pursuit of Digital Disappearance -- Conclusion: Forgetting, Freedom, and Data -- Notes -- Acknowledgments -- Index.

Poverty has been declining in Sub-Saharan Africa, but millions are still poor or vulnerable. To address this ongoing and complex problem, all countries in the region have now deployed social safety net programs as part of their core development plans. The number of programs has skyrocketed since the mid-2000s, although many interventions are still modest in size. This notable shift in social policy reflects an embrace of the role that social safety nets can play in the fight against poverty and vulnerability, and more generally in building human capital and spurring economic growth. Realizing the Full Potential of Social Safety Nets in Africa provides evidence that positive impacts on equity, resilience, and opportunity are growing, and it is clear that these programs can be good investments. For the potential of social safety nets to be realized, however, they need to expand with smart technical and design choices. Beyond technical considerations, and at least as important, this book argues that a series of decisive shifts needs to occur in three critical spheres: political, institutional, and financial: First, to recognize the role of politics in offering opportunities for expansion and in guiding design and program choice; Second, to anchor safety net programs in strong institutional arrangements that facilitate their expansion and sustainability; And third, to build sustainable financing through greater efficiency, more varied and predictable resources, and shock-responsive resources. Ignoring these spheres may lead to technically sound, but practically impossible, choices and designs. A deliberate focus on these areas is essential if social safety nets are to be brought to scale and sustained at scale. Only then will their full potential and their contribution to the fight against poverty and vulnerability be realized.

Empirically-informed practice is increasingly important as managed health care environments demand accountability in mental health and health care services. In this comprehensive text, Dr. Corcoran makes implementing evidence-based clinical practice easy. She reviews the most common problem areas social workers encounter. Each chapter assesses the family treatment outcome literature, addresses different theoretical orientations, summarizes the most current clinical research studies, and provides information on standardized, self-report instruments and their validity. Topics include: child phys

Because biodiversity loss has largely been attributed to human actions, people, particularly those in the Global South, are regularly depicted as threats to conservation. This context has facilitated rapid growth in green militarization, with fierce crackdowns against real or perceived environmental offenders. We designed an undergraduate course to assess student perspectives on biodiversity conservation and social justice and positioned those students to contribute to a human heritage-centered conservation (HHCC) initiative situated in Uganda. We evaluated changes in perspectives using pre- and postcourse surveys and reflection instruments. Although the students started the course prioritizing biodiversity conservation, even when it was costly to human well-being, by the end of the course, they were recognizing and remarking on the central importance of social justice within conservation. We present a framework for further integration of HHCC approaches into higher education courses so as to conserve the integrity of coupled human and natural systems globally.

We examine how social media may facilitate protest mobilization in response to violent state repression. Prior research demonstrates that violent repression can either decrease protest participation through raising the costs of participation, or can generate outrage, resulting in "backfire" and an increase in mobilization. Many recent mass mobilizations have garnered attention from scholars and journalists alike due to the instances of repression backfiring as well as the widespread use of social media in these protest movements. We examine why these two trends may be related using logistic regression analysis on data on participants in the Gezi Park Protests in summer 2013. Controlling for confounding factors, we find a statistically significant relationship between being recruited to participate in the protests through social media and joining the mass mobilization as a reaction to police repression. We argue that in the case of Gezi Park, communication through social media was a key factor in facilitating social movement mobilization in response to repression.

Introduction : power, profit, and social trust / Charlotte Walker-Said -- Corporate social responsibility as controlled negotiation : the hierarchy of values / Charlotte Walker-Said -- Two cheers for CSR / Peter Rosenblum -- Assessing corporate social responsibility in the tobacco industry / Peter Benson -- Transparency, auditability, and the contradictions of CSR / Anna Zalik -- Virtuous language in industry and the academy / Stuart Kirsch -- Corporate social responsibility and the mandate to remedy : between empowerment and mitigating vulnerabilities / Caroline Kaeb -- An emerging history of CSR : the economic trials at Nuremberg (1945-49) / Jonathan Bush -- The impact of the war crimes tribunals on corporate liability for atrocity crimes under US law / David Scheffer -- Sanction and socialize : military command responsibility and corporate accountability for atrocities / Scott A. Gilmore -- Law, morality, and rational choice : incentives for CSR compliance / Caroline Kaeb -- Multistakeholder initiative anatomy : understanding institutional design and development / Amelia Evans -- The virtue of voluntarism : human rights, corporate responsibility, and UN Global Compact / Ursula Wynhoven, Yousuf Aftab -- Africa as CSR laboratory : twenty-first-century corporate strategy and state building / Charlotte Walker-Said -- CSR and corporate engagement with parties to armed conflicts / William Reno -- Corporate and state sustainability in Africa : the politics of stability in the postrevolutionary age / Charlotte Walker-Said -- Tender is the mine : law, shadow rule, and the public gaze in Ghana / Lauren Coyle -- Corporate social responsibility and latecomer industrialization in Nigeria / Richard Joseph, Kelly Spence, Abimbola Agboluaje

Social public welfare practice is an important way to realize the goal of practical education in colleges and universities. Through a survey of 439 university students in Beijing, the results in this study showed that university students' intention to participate in social public
welfare practice was influenced by perceived value, behavioral attitude, and perceived behavioral control, and was not affected by subjective norms. Behavioral attitude and perceived behavioral control played a mediating role between perceived value and intention to participate. These findings
extend the research perspective to the field of social welfare and have the potential to promote the development of social welfare practice activities for university students.