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Social epidemiology is the study of how the social world influences - and in many cases defines - the fundamental determinants of health. This second edition elevates the field again, first by codifying the last decade of research, then by extending it to examine how public policies impact health

Advancing methods in social epidemiology / Jay S. Kaufman and J. Michael Oakes -- The measurement of socioeconomic status / J. Michael Oakes and Kate E. Andrade -- Measuring and analyzing 'race', racism, and racial discrimination / Saffron Karlsen and James Yzet Nazroo -- Measuring poverty / David M. Betson and Jennifer L. Warlick -- Health inequalities : measurement and decomposition / Sam Harper and John Lynch -- A conceptual framework for measuring segregation and its association with population outcomes / Sean F. Reardon -- Measures of residential community contexts / Patricia O'Campo Ph.D. and Margaret O'Brien Caughy -- Community-based participatory research : rationale and relevance for social epidemiology / Paula M. Lantz, Barbara A. Israel, Amy J. Schulz, and Angela G. Reyes -- Social network analysis for epidemiology / David A. Shoham and Lynne C. Messer -- Fieldwork with in-depth interviews : how to get strangers in the city to tell you their stories / Melody L. Boyd and Stefanie DeLuca -- Experimental social epidemiology : controlled community trials / Peter J. Hannan -- Propensity score matching for social epidemiology / J. Michael Oakes and Pamela Jo Johnson -- Longitudinal approaches to social epidemiologic research / Magdalena Cerdá and Katherine M. Keyes -- Fixed effects and difference-in-differences / Erin C Strumpf, Sam Harper, and Jay S Kaufman -- Fixed versus random effects models for multilevel and longitudinal data / Ashley Schempf Hirai, and Jay S. Kaufman -- Mediation analysis in social epidemiology / Arijit Nandi and Tyler J. VanderWeele -- A roadmap for estimating and interpreting population intervention parameters / Jennifer Ahern and Alan E. Hubbard -- Natural experiments and instrumental variables analyses in social epidemiology / Maria Glymour, Stefan Walter, and Eric J. Tchetgen -- Using causal diagrams to understand common problems in social epidemiology / M. Maria Glymour

Aus bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Studien des 'Deutschen Instituts für Zahnmedizin' der Jahre 1989 bis 1993 werden Einzelbefunde zum Kariesbefall aus unterschiedlichen Sozialschichten sowie im Vergleich zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschland vorgestellt und kommentiert. Die sozialepidemiologische Forschung in der Zahnmedizin hat dabei in den letzten Jahren der Oralprophylaxe viele Impulse gegeben. So entsteht heute ein neues Paradigma einer präventiv ausgerichteten Zahnheilkunde mit Hinweisen auf die Verbesserung der kurativen Versorgung der oralen Medizin. (pra)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether political mistrust in the Riksdag (the national parliament in Sweden) is an independent characteristic of cannabis smokers, or whether it reflects low confidence in people in general, and therefore low social capital. METHOD: The 2004 public health survey in Skåne is a cross-sectional postal questionnaire study answered by 27,757 respondents aged 18-80 with a 59% response rate providing data on political trust, cannabis smoking, and potential confounders. RESULTS: 13.9% of the men and 8.3% of the women had smoked cannabis; 17.3% of the male and 11.6% of the female respondents reported no trust at all in the Riksdag, and another 38.2% and 36.2%, respectively, reported a moderate political trust. Young age, high education, unemployment, low generalized trust in other people, and lower levels of political trust were associated with cannabis smoking, even after multiple adjustments. The groups men with no trust at all in the Riksdag, and women with high trust, not particularly high political trust and no political trust at all had significantly higher odds ratios of cannabis smoking than the very high trust reference category. The results thus somewhat differed between men and women. CONCLUSION: Low political trust is associated with cannabis smoking, independently of trust in people in general.

AIM: To investigate the association between political trust (an aspect of institutional trust) and self-rated health, taking generalized (horizontal) trust in other people into account. METHODS: The 2004 public health survey in Skåne is a cross-sectional postal questionnaire study answered by 27,963 respondents aged 18-80 years, yielding a 59% response rate. A logistic regression model was used to investigate the associations between political trust in the Riksdag (national parliament) and self-rated health. Multivariate analyses of political trust and self-rated health were performed in order to investigate the importance of possible confounders. RESULTS: Poor health was reported by 28.7% of the men and 33.2% of the women. In total, 17.3% and 11.6% of the male and female respondents, respectively, reported that they had no trust at all in the Riksdag. The addition of generalized (horizontal) trust in the multivariate models reduced the odds ratios of poor self-rated health in the "no political trust at all'' category as compared to the "very high political trust'' category from 2.4 (1.8-3.1) to 2.1 (1.6-2.7) among men and from 1.9 (1.4-2.4) to 1.6 (1.3-2.1) among women. CONCLUSIONS: Low political trust in the Riksdag seems to be significantly associated with poor self-rated health, even after adjustments for plausible confounders, including generalized (horizontal) trust.