Suchergebnisse

Im September 1995 finanzierte die GTZ ein regionales Seminar zu den Fragen von sozialen Sicherungssystemen im südlichen Afrika. Der Beitrag gibt die Ergebnisse der Diskussion wieder. Dabei werden in der Region existierende Formen der Absicherung bzw. Unterstützung für Armutsgruppen und besonders verwundbare Gruppen vorgestellt und die Fragen diskutiert, wie in Zeiten abnehmender Ressourcen und Staatshaushalte soziale Sicherungssysteme überhaupt finanzierbar sind. Der Beitrag formuliert Empfehlungen. (DÜI-Spl)

Demographic trends in most developed economies are characterized by rising longevity and decreasing birthrates. These trends endanger the sustainability of the current public pension systems. Therefore social security reform proposals are on the agenda in many countries. This paper demonstrates that the analysis of fiscal sustainability of social security must include an additional dimension of public policy, namely education funding. Indeed, the productivity growth of future workers, which depends on human capital accumulation, may outweigh the impact of the demographic problem. This fact is true under both pay-as-you-go (PAYG) and fully funded (FF) social security system. We consider an OLG economy where government, in addition to running social security, also funds education of future workers by means of taxes collected from the current ones. The education tax rates are chosen, in each period, by a majoritarian rule among the relevant constituents. We demonstrate that while the FF system results in relatively higher rates of physical capital accumulation, then under some conditions, other things equal, the PAYG social security regime leads to the choice of relatively higher respective levels of education tax rates in all generations, and thereby to higher rates of human capital accumulation.

In this book, the authors present current research from across the globe in the study of the issues, challenges and perspectives of Social Security Systems. Topics discussed in this compilation include understanding elderly poverty in the United States; the development and reforms of the Social Security system in Taiwan; Social Security systems in Eastern and Southern Africa; and an overview of the major issues concerning developed Social Security systems in the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) by comparing welfare models and their ability to cope with the upcoming

The claim that social policies in industrialized countries converge has been criticized by researchers focusing on differences in timing & institutional set up of social security schemes across countries. Here, it is argued that social security arrangements in European as well as Anglo-American countries may gradually become more similar. Using pension politics as the primary example, similar social & political mechanisms at work in different countries are identified that push toward convergence in policy outcomes, despite persistent variation in institutional arrangements. A model is developed aimed at explaining political change while maintaining a connection between the micro & macro level of analysis. 1 Table, 62 References. Adapted from the source document.

ABSTRACTA central question in the welfare state debate has been whether or not social policies in industrialized countries converge. Originally linked to the logic of industrialism perspective, this idea has been criticized by researchers focusing on differences in timing and differences in the institutional set up of social security schemes across countries. Nonetheless, I argue that social security arrangements in European as well as Anglo-American countries may gradually become more similar. Using pension politics as the primary example, the article locates similar social and political mechanisms at work in different countries, pushing toward convergence in policy outcomes, despite persistent variation in institutional arrangements. In the final section of the article, I extract a model from the analysis, aimed at explaining political change while maintaining a connection between the micro and macro level of analysis.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show that the crisis of social security and state pension systems in the ageing industrial societies is actually a crisis of the model of social and economic organization.Design/methodology/approachThe present economic model of industrial countries counts human beings only as contributors in production and consumption, and not as members of a society.FindingsThe paper shows that with another hierarchical order of values, the views of human beings are different.Practical ImplicationsIf the state cares for the citizen and not the worker, then it is responsible to provide health care and pensions to all citizens and not just to workers and to workers‐attached persons.Originality/valueThe paper paints the picture of another society, and not of the present one where the homo‐economicus dominates.

Examines similar social and political aspects of the development of government old age pension schemes; Western Europe, US, Canada, Great Britain, and New Zealand.