Suchergebnisse

The article highlights the trend of reinstitutionalisation of propaganda and counter propaganda after a brief historical era of international hiatus in the 1990s when the propaganda-related institutions were dismantled in many countries worldwide. The latter trend is exemplified by a number of processes, including the phenomenon of the Russian propaganda that has evolved after Putin took office, and the emergence of the strategic communications offices in Europe starting from 2015. The revival of propaganda 2.0 is a result of the hybrid wars that have engulfed leading countries worldwide. Propaganda is a systematic effort to manipulate other people's beliefs and spread chaos. Although the current propaganda aims resemble the ones used during the Cold War, the new tech abilities have enhanced its tactics. While the Internet, digitalization and social media platforms offer new opportunities for secret services and relevant experts, the phenomenon of "open consсiousness" allows an average consumer to be unwillingly affected by the messages that contain propaganda. It is argued that counter-propaganda tools should factor in media literacy efforts and building resilience among the general population to withstand disinformation messages. A number of organizations focused at countering propaganda has been created as a means of an institutional solution. Following a watershed moment in Ukraine two relevant organizations were established in 2021: Centre for Countering Disinformation (as part of the National Security and Defense Council) and Centre of Strategic Communications and Information Security (as part of the Ministry of Culture and Information Politics). These organizations aim at carrying out relevant work in line with their EU counterparts.

The article is devoted to the outline and research of several topical critical questions related to the study of the role of the Ukrainian youth in the development of civil society in terms of the undeclared Russian-Ukrainian war and global crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as the influence of the civilization borderland factor on the mentality and behavior of borderland residents. The article focuses on the fact that the concurrently multidirectional influences, such as geopolitical, cultural, religious and others, make the borderland a zone of attraction and rejection, as well as the space for large-scale manipulations. The formation of civil society in the borderland area has its own specifics, yet scantily explored in the academic research. Special attention is paid to the increase of the civil society's significance in various spheres from the promotion of reforms at the state level to the voluntary assistance provided to the Armed Forces of Ukraine during the "Joint Forces Operation", internally displaced persons, and other segments of the population. To successfully solve the problem of building the Ukrainian civil society, it is necessary to fundamentally comprehend the youth's participation in the solution of various problems of modern Ukraine. Thus, it is important that young citizens be ready for active cooperation with the state and public organizations. The research emphasizes one of the popular ways to transform young people into active citizens of Ukraine, which consists in their encouragement to participate in the process of building civil society at all levels of the educational process in the educational establishments of our state, Ukrainian weekend schools abroad; involvement in the work of the Young Scholars' Council and various public organizations. This all caused the need to search for fundamentally new approaches to preparing youth for an active life in the Ukrainian society. The author of the article has elucidated the work experience of the scholars of the Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies regarding the effective forms and methods of increasing young people's activity through the prism of academic, cultural, and educational work.

The article offers an analysis of the main trends in the development of historical education as an important component of the educational process in the higher school of Ukraine at the beginning of the 21st century. The problematic issues of transformation in the sphere of teaching of historical disciplines at the present stage are determined. Separately, the specific characteristics of teaching «History of Ukraine» in technical universities are examined. The authors consider the modernization of learning process in the institutions of higher education of Ukraine as a dialectic issue containing certain risks for humanities' component of bachelors' and masters' preparation. Important stages of this process were the events of 2009, 2014 and 2015. They demonstrated the fundamental divergence of views on the ways of higher schools' reforming in Ukraine of the most part of humanities' academic community on the one hand, and state bureaucracy on the other. The public debate on the role of historical disciplines in the preparation of modern graduates of higher schools of Ukraine revealed a number of pedagogical, didactical and methodological
problems. Foremost among these was recognized the challenge of distinguishing between secondary and higher school courses of «History of Ukraine». The subject of intense discussion is the mechanism for the enforcement of the problem and dialogical methods to the teaching process of the institutions of higher education. In the end, the conclusion was made according the aspiration of the senior management of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine to cut back as short as possible schedule of hours for humanities in the institutions of higher education (especially in the technical and military universities) can have serious social and political consequences. Ignoring the importance of the discipline «History of Ukraine» in developing of the technical students' and cadets' world view in the conditions of the «hybrid war» could become an essential precondition for defeat the informational war by Ukraine. Authors are emphasizing on attention that among the political elite of Ukraine dominate technocratic understanding of term «information security». As a result, historical disciplines are turning into outsiders of educational process thus making it more difficult to consolidate Ukrainian society in the period of the serious military-political crisis.

Art has always been a part of every day life. People can get values and ideas trough art and it's in a way that people enjoy. There are a lot of visual art representing sorrow and sadness regarding to an actual conflict. Not only to make people understand, this art also can be a way of seeking help, to truly understand the condition of people and what is the conflict about. It is well known that in the modern world art is actively used for the purpose of relaxation, rehabilitation and reduction of emotional tension in conflict situations. The importance of art as a specific tool of influence, which helps in resolving complex conflicts in society and contributes to peacekeeping, is analyzed. It is stated that the present day Russian-Ukrainian armed confrontation significantly intensifies the processes of conflict of different spheres of public life of Ukrainian citizens. It is suggested to use art therapy as an effective method of solving various conflict situations, in particular, in the current conditions of armed conflict in Ukraine. As art therapy has proven itself to be an effective method of exiting a person from a morbid condition, now in Ukraine, in order to deconflictization of society, it is necessary to use art therapy in the psychological rehabilitation of warriors and internally displaced persons. Art therapy was formed as a specific activity that includes art, psychology and psychotherapy. Art therapy can deprive a person of negative feelings, encourage him and help build new life patterns. That is why the issues of deconflictization of the society and restoration of peace in Ukraine are considered in the context of holding various cultural state events, in particular artistic ones. It is also important that modern technological development has created wide-ranging opportunities for art as a stabilizing factor in the state.

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the Ukrainian society social cohesion challenges in the pandemic conditions of digitally mediated interactions. Based on the results of qualitative sociological research, as well as a secondary analysis of the results of other sociological studies and statistics data, the author explores the phenomenon of social cohesion in the unity of three social levels of its presence - macro, meso and micro. The study has shown the dialectical nature of social cohesion and the opposite tendencies of its reproduction at different social levels – inner circle, professional communities and society as a whole. In the macro-social perspective, the pandemic has become a «common challenge», intensifying social consolidation at the level of civil society institutions; on the other hand, it has created a new axis of social inequality, deepening local differences and awareness of the different degree of «protection» from crisis conditions. It is concluded that the digitally mediated everyday interactions, characterized by a lack of social actors' co-presence in space and time, contributes to the spread of systemic integration in those social systems for which it was previously uncharacteristic. This, in turn, leads to the «frozen» functioning of social systems. In contemporary digital age, social actors are increasingly beginning to experience «digital loneliness» due to the loss of coexistence in physical time and space and the weakening of binding social capital, making familiar identification patterns less stable and definite. The «shift» of the concentration of interactions from different social circles to the level of the inner circle – the family one sets a double scenario of its reproduction either as a space of cohesive values, the highest level of trust, participation and social security, or as an environment for everyday conflicts. The article emphasizes the urgency of further conceptualization of a new type of capital – digital, which in conditions of systemic integration of social systems «puts into action» the activation of other types of capital.

The author of the article shows that conflicts attract the attention of representatives of various fields of knowledge (philosophy, sociology, conflict studies, psychology, history, political science, jurisprudence, military science, culturology, art, ethnology, pedagogy and etc.), in particular, in order to develop optimal ways to resolve them at various levels of deployment of conflict confrontation between different parties. Emphasizes that conflict should be considered as one of the types of social interaction. Its participants can be individuals, human groups, organizations, institutions, societies, countries, states and so on. Phenomena of conflicts, from ancient times to the present, in various artistic forms reflect the reality of a certain era and features of historical time. Artistic understanding of the phenomena of conflicts complements, strengthens and facilitates the scientific analysis of the problems of conflicts and the dynamics of their course. Analyzes the reasons that, since cinema is one of the most popular art forms of today, combining creativity and production, cinema itself can be actively involved in the processes of deconflict of Ukrainian society. Indicates the specifics of feature film: it affects the deep layers of consciousness, touches all the strings of the human soul and at the same time reflects the current problems of today; forces the viewer to identify with the characters of the film and actively include their ideals, principles, behavior and thinking in their real lives. He concludes that cinema, given its subject matter and plot, plays a significant role in shaping both aggressive and peaceful behavior of people, ie it can contribute to either increasing the level of conflict situations in society, or their leveling. Proves that in order to reduce the level of conflict in society, it is necessary to reduce the number of films that contain open displays of violence, bloody scenes and large-scale plans of terror; it is necessary to increase the number of high-quality Ukrainian films of patriotic orientation.

The historical role of elite (elites) in formation of the public ecological consciousness and in solving of environmental problems from the beginning of industrial revolution of 16-17 centuries in England which resulted in drastic impacts on the environment until our days are considered in the article. It was discovered the evolution of the environmental concerns from the worry of the elites about nature to the modern global mass movement. The first concern of elites over the human impacts on nature and over the loss of harmony between man and nature is related to the time of Romanticism. It was articulated in the most expressive form in the English Romanticism (Percy Bashi Shelley, William Blake, George Byron, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, William Wordsworth, John Clare) and in the German Romanticism (Friedrich Wilhelm Schelling, Novalis). The concern of the public elites (writers, scientists-naturalists, public figures, artists) of the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries over the state of the environment, natural resources depletion, species extinction and over the decline of the natural and cultural heritage in total due to rapid industrialization and urbanization created the preconditions for the modern ecologim. During that period nature is still considered as a source of harmony and stability which is able to resist to destructive power of industrial civilization, which rapidly transforms the environment. Particular features of development of the European movement for nature protection were shaped by the national, cultural, economic and political peculiarities of the countries of the Western Europe, as well as by dominating social moral and aesthetic values of particular country. The joint result of the activities of the broad spectrum of environmental organizations and groups was the adoption of legislative acts aimed at natural-cultural heritage protection of the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries in a number of European countries. This created favorable conditions for networking the European environmental movement and for internationalization of its activities and for forming the first phase of the environmental mobilization of the society, initiated by the public elites of the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries. After the Second World War the broad strata of population in the Western Europe and the North America were involved in the environmental movement. At the same time this movement was split in two principal branches, namely: the nature conservation movement and the movement which considers the quality and safety of human environment as a part of human rights in a democratic society. From 1960s there are two relatively autonomous main branches of the public movement, which, however, closely interact with each other. The formation of the second phase of environmentalism is related to the penetration of the ideas of environmental protection in all spheres of social and political life during 1960s-1970s («Silent Spring», the Club of Rome) and celebration of the Earths Day in April of the year 1970. Thus, the elitist movement for nature protection was transformed into the mass movement for human rights to live in the save environment. In spite of the environmental movement has gone the way from concerns of the elites over the growth of industrialization, urbanization and negative environmental impacts of economic growth and, consequently, overconsumption to the mass movement of thousands and millions of people, the elites still continue to play a significant role in it.

In contemporary Ukraine conflict studies are primarily deal with historical, political, and cultural sciences. The proposed research outlines the features of a global conflict, to which all countries will be involved in the future. It is a conflict of humanism, which for centuries was the basis of world culture, philosophy, and ethics on the one hand, and technology on the other. The main problem is the probable loss of human identity through cybernation. The article analyzes the fundamental works of philosophers and futurologists, and also outlines ways to resolve the conflict with help of new ethics that should be evaluated by humanity. The special role of Ukrainian and cultural studies in higher-level academic education is emphasized. Within the framework of these scientific disciplines, a new ethics should be developed. Philosophical, psychological and futurological theories of the 20th and 21st centuries analyze the present, and foresee the future. Researchers seek to figure out a new global challenge for humanity that provokes to rethink its course of action. Contemporary world is filled with robots and technologies. The position of human in this world has changed and it requires new features of humanism. Spiritual searches of past eras opposed man and nature. But today man is opposed to technology. It means that the future of man is becoming unclear. New spiritual, economic, political and environmental confrontations waiting for man on his way. This subject is many-sided and interdisciplinary, it demands knowledge in humanities, philosophy, futurology, bioethics and technical disciplines.

The article is devoted to the social philosophical comprehension of problem of sharpening conflicts in modern Ukrainian social live, exposure of world view and methodological principles of research of these processes, their origin, decision and decline of level of conflict opposition in society on the basis forming of civil culture and tolerance. Historical and philosophical digression in the process of research and explications of maintenance of conflict shows, that by terms «discord», agonic, «line», and sometimes «war» characterize a fight for principles of opposite social positions. Scientific discourse of conflict evolved from understanding of this phenomenon of fight on almost space scale to the theory of conflict as positively functional the social-group phenomenon. The classic theories of elites, which grew on soil of sociology of society, marked opposition of the states of stability and conflict, while the synthetic meta theory of conflict, which we consider methodological basis of our analysis, goes out from a reconstruction the conflicts of necessary dynamics of the transitional states: war – truce – conflict. Such approach allows adequately estimating prolongations of high level of conflict the different spheres of Ukrainian sociality. It especially touches the conflict of different socio-political and civil cultures of East to the West of country, conflicts of the not «guided emotions» and conflicts of social institutes: the states with the structures of active civil society. Finding of general interest in relation to a maintenance and steady development of the Ukrainian state, increase of level of civil culture of peaceful cohabitation of different ethnic and national associations and their cultures, tolerant attitude toward the moments of distinction and non-coincidence of the valued orientations is the most reliable way of keeping the internal peace in the conditions of stuck us «hybrid» war.

The article provides a comparative analysis of the attitude to the village reform and other issues of its life by representatives of different groups of the rural population, especially rural intellectuals and manual workers. It is emphasized that the rural intelligentsia, which is called to become one of the main agents of village reform, as it has a higher level of potential and real social subjectivity, nevertheless does not always realize its potential in the interests of modernization of agriculture, which, in particular, features of their mentality. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the specifics of the nature of the mental worker in the agricultural sector is that often in addition to the implementation of its main functions related to position and profession, he is engaged in rural work (work on the farm, cattle care, etc.). The way of life of a rural intellectual determines the peculiarity of his mentality, which has an ambivalent character. On the one hand, the mentality of the rural intellectual is determined by his education, the mental nature of work, the level of culture, including the city culture. On the other hand, his mentality is due to the traditions of the rural community, rural labor, cultural patterns of the villager. Sociological research shows that the rural intelligentsia is less influenced by traditionalism than other social groups in the countryside; it is more willing than other peasants to leave the village. In the context of the attitude to reforms in the agricultural sector, special attention is paid to the decentralization reform, which is carried out in Ukraine and has not only economic, organizational, but also institutional and socio-cultural consequences. It is noted that these effects are manifested differently in urban and rural areas and are perceived differently by different social groups. According to the research, it is shown that the attitude to reforms in rural areas, in particular to the creation of united territorial communities (OTG), among the rural intelligentsia is more positive than among the representatives of manual labor. It is emphasized that, despite the ambivalence of the attitude of the rural intelligentsia to the OTG (according to the data presented in the article), its representatives are twice as many of their opponents than supporters; however, at the same time, the interviewed mental workers feel more like members of the new territorial-administrative formations in the countryside than other social groups living there.

The analysis of the gender temporality as some measurement of the social time is presented in the article with the accent on the transformation processes which nowadays determine the life of the Ukrainian society. The peculiarities of the philosophical interpretation of the social time phenomenon are under research concerning also the archaic meanings, which are present in the contemporary Ukrainian culture, and are supported by the patriarchal gender stereotypes. The latter is of great significance because those factors have a great impact on the processes of modelling the contemporary gender temporality in the context of conflictology of the Ukrainian society, which is stressed due to the masculine understanding of the "human" life, ideas and experience. Moreover, there are some actors in this problematic field, whose aim is to renovate anti-gender myths and mythologemes, thus creating the grounds for aggravating such kind of conflicts. It is maintained that quite on the contrary, – constructing the relations of gender parity is a true way to the social justice on the whole; and in this way, gender ideologies are factors of deconflictization of the Ukrainian social life. At present gender temporality is a marker of the extention of the egilitarian tendencies in the Ukrainian society. The examples given in the article, show that the gender measurements make determining the types of the conflict-making factors more valid and stipulated. The recent dramatic events in Ukraine connected with the hybrid war in the East of the country and women's role in that war actions, which is immensely supportive (volunteers etc.), show that the content of the femininity and the masculinity has changed de facto. The situation of the currents 2020 year with the pandemic Covid-19 consequences (economic, social, cultural, etc.) has stricken women greatly. All mentioned above makes it possible to prove that gender temporality as a component of the social time has a direct impact on the development and the consequent solution of the significant conflicts in the social life of Ukraine.

У статті на підставі методології комплексного системного аналізу та чинного українського законодавства, у контексті європейської інтеграції України, досліджуються співвідношення адміністративного та інформаційного правового регулювання відносин в інформаційному суспільстві. Методологічну основу дослідження склали загальнонаукові та приватно-наукові методи наукового пізнання. Розглядаються різні аспекти правового регулювання інформаційних, політичних, соціально-економічних і духовних суспільних відносин, що складаються в інформаційному суспільстві з позиції адміністративного та інформаційного права. Адміністративне право як галузь визначає основи публічного управління різних сфер інформаційного суспільства, а інформаційне право як галузь регулює суспільні відносини в інформаційній сфері інформаційного суспільства. Співвідношення адміністративно-правового та інформаційно-правового регулюванням відносин в інформаційному суспільстві визначено предметом вказаних галузей права та взаємозв'язками, які виникають в інформаційній сфері інформаційного суспільства.

The article studies the issue of scientific and practical validity of applying ethical principles of society as regulatory factors of civil law of Ukraine. Taking into account the lack of validity of ethical principles of society as regulatory factors, the author attempts to make a correlation between the content of such principles of civil law as fairness, integrity and reasonableness, on the one hand, and ethical principles of the society, on the other hand.

The author of the paper proves that it is inappropriate to apply the provisions of morality as regulatory factors for the regulation of civil relations.

The conclusion on the objection to the civil regularity of ethical principles of society is based on several theses. Firstly, moral rules are not formalized, which creates a threat of arbitrary interpretation of their content. Secondly, ethical principles do not have a definite source of origin. Thirdly, the fundamental ethical rules have already been taken into account in the content of the principles of fairness, integrity and reason, which in turn create competition between the two types of regulatory factors. Unreasonable duplication of regulatory requirements reduces the functionality of the law, complicates the perception of its requirements. The competition between the principles of law and the ethical principles of society must be eliminated by refusing to give the latter the function of regulatory factors.

The author of the paper does not deny the possibility of taking into account the ethical principles of society while regulating the relations that have been neglected by the "official law".

The author investigates the organizational measures of modern Ukrainian society on the way of forming an effective system of science in accordance with the requirements of civilization development. Chronological boundaries of the study - the beginning of the nineteenth century until the present. The methodological basis for the study is the theoretical concept of the cyclical development of historical phenomena in relation to the world and local cultural spaces. The research is aimed at the cultural view of the modern problem of the modernization of the institute of science within the historically formed educational and scientific spaces of Ukraine. Taking a public view of the functioning of science in society for Ukraine is to identify it organizationally with the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (UAN) was founded on November 1, 1918. The Commission was responsible for the rationale for the creation of the Academy to draft a bill on the founding of the Academy of Sciences in Kyiv. The Commission included representatives of the Ukrainian scientific elite of that time, led by V.I. Vernadsky. The main functions of the UAN were the organization and coordination of the scientific forces of the state. The history of the development of the UAN testifies to the civilization content of the strategy for the development of national science for the entire period of the twentieth century. The beginning of the XXI century declared a new system of relations in the world society. The meaningfulness of such relationships is marked by a new post-industrial society. For Ukraine, the reform of the institute of science after world shifts is becoming urgent. The modern scientific space of Ukraine can be characterized as functioning of the coordinate system "universityacademy". An appeal to the principles of scientific democracy should ensure a balance between the development of science in the university sector and academic institutions. The financial self-determination of universities has an opportunity to actualize scientific research. The University is able today to ensure the development of the humanitarian component of science, which reproduces the traditions of national culture. The academic structure needs to reload the strategy for reforming the material and technical support of research work for the branches of science, which have high ratings in the countries of the world.

The study analyzes the phenomenon of national and cultural identities, which acquires the meaning of the fundamental mode of human existence in the modern globalized world. The "hybrid war", in which Ukraine has been involved for more than 3 years, has directed its citizens not only to discover their national and cultural identities but also to determine their civic position. During such critical historical times, a special attention is given to outstanding personalities, with whom the nation identifies itself and who embody its creative potential. Among such "iconic figures" of the Ukrainian nation, we recognize the following thinkers and prominent scholars: philosopher, Slavist, and scholar Dmytro Chyzhevskyi (1894-1977), and linguist, historian, literary critic Yuriy Sheveliev (1908-2002). Dmytro Chyzhevskyi and Yuriy Sheveliev made a significant contribution to the study of Ukrainian culture. They have introduced achievements of the Ukrainian culture to the world, and it enabled an adequate perception of Ukraine as an independent state. Each of them had a significant influence on a number of famous Slavists and linguists from the leading world universities, who continued the study of the Ukrainian culture. Both scholars deliberately chose their national identity and popularized Ukrainian culture during the period of protests and the ethical impossibility of separation. It was a hard time of denial and destruction of Ukrainian culture. This historical period reminds us the current situation in Ukraine, when on the wave of the "hybrid war" and protests against the aggressive Russian occupation manycitizens got intothe "Ukrainization" process. Ukraine was delighted to have among those who identified themselves as Ukrainians such world-class thinkers as Dmytro Chyzhevskyi and Yuri Sheveliev.