Suchergebnisse

Parental leave is one of the most important components in the structure of family policy in most developed countries. In foreign practice, three types of leaves are available: maternity leave, paternity leave and parental leave. The researchers note that development of the leave policy has a favorable economic, social and demographic effect. For this reason, the issue of leaves is becoming more and more popular every year and attracts attention of a wide range of scientists. Nevertheless, in the domestic scientific literature, the phenomenon of parental leave remains practically unexplored. This article is devoted to the study of the impact of parental leave on other socioeconomic processes — employment, gender equality and fertility — and related areas of government policy. Exploring this relationship, the author notes positive impact of paternity leave and paternity quotas on the distribution of responsibilities between men and women in the professional and family spheres of life. The positive economic effects from the use of parental leave as one of the tools to protect workers in the labor market are described. These effects consist mainly in increasing the employment rate of women and reducing the wage gap between men and women. In addition, the impact of parental leave on the birth rate is considered—on the one hand, the use of paternity leave stimulates parents for subsequent childbearing, on the other hand, opportunity costs increase, which negatively affect the reproductive attitudes of mothers. The author draws a conclusion about the relationship between parental leave policy and other areas of state policy — employment policy, gender equality policy and demographic policy. In the author's opinion, the discovered relationship indicates the importance of the issue of parental leave and the need to study it in Russia.

Relevance of the research topic. In the conditions of transformations, the budget policy is the most crucial government economic lever of influence on social and economic processes. The main reasons that hinder the effective implementation of fiscal policy are the political risks associated with finding ways to optimize it. Accordingly, risk assessment is a necessary condition for timely decision-making and ensuring macroeconomic stability, long-term balance, and stability of the budget system. Formulation of the problem. Based on the peculiarities of socio-economic development, important tasks in the conditions of transformations are substantiation of directions of budget policy, optimization of budget revenues and expenditures architecture. At the same time, the choice of budget tools should be made, taking into account the level of economic growth of the country. Analysis of recent research and publications. Problems of formation and implementation of budget policy, its adaptation to socio-economic processes are quite common in research. These are the works of well-known domestic and foreign scientists: J. Keynes, P. Samuelson, J. Stiglitz, V. Tanzi, O. Vasilika, I. Zapatrina, S. Kucherenko, L. Lysyak, L. Levaieva, І. Luk'yanenko, M. Pasichnyi, A. Sokolovsko, I. Chugunov, and others. Highlighting unexplored parts of a common problem. The above issues are relevant in connection with the deepening of transformation processes, the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the budget balance, which requires several specific tasks related to the formation and implementation of fiscal policy. Goal setting, research goals. The objectives of the study are: to reveal the essence and relationship of budget policy with socio-economic processes. Also, to justify the peculiarities of the budget revenues and expenditures formation at the current stage of the budget system development. The purpose of the study is to reveal the directions of adaptation of budget policy to socio-economic processes in the conditions of transformational transformations. Research method or methodology. The set of methods of scientific research is applied in the article: a systematic approach, statistical analysis, structuring, analysis, synthesis, etc. Basic material presentation (results of work). The essence and interrelation of budget policy with socio-economic processes are revealed, the peculiarities of budget revenues and expenditures formation are substantiated. The directions of adaptation of budgetary policy to social and economic processes in the conditions of transformational transformations are substantiated. Area of application of results. The results of the study can be used in the process of forming and implementing the budgetary policy of Ukraine, reforming the public finance system. Conclusions according to article. The qualitative level of formation and implementation of budget policy is determined by the system of financial institutions, the state of their development in a particular country aimed at ensuring economic growth and welfare of citizens. An essential condition for the dynamic growth of the domestic economy is a comprehensive solution to social and economic problems by ensuring the balanced development of the economy and the social sphere, strengthening decentralization processes.

Article on the use of system analysis methodology for modeling socio-economic pro-cesses. The author justifies the methodological approach, based on dynamic analysis of exogenous processes in economic and social management practices. Particular attention is paid to the use of index indicators adaptive response of socio-economic systems to environmental changes.

Annotation. The article aims to present the author's concept of the basic methods and principles of state regulation of socio-economic processes. This study is based on the application of empirical cognition methods, viz.: observation, description, comparison, and inductive generalization. The article highlights the approaches of scientists to the interpretation of the concepts "regulation", "management", the author's understanding of the concept "regulation". It is substantiated that in regulating the economy of any country, it is necessary to involve the state actively as well as effectively use the mechanism of self-regulation to ensure social guarantees for the population. The essence of the concept "state regulation" is described, and it is noted that the idea of "state regulation of socio-economic processes" cannot be found in literature. However, some scholars consider state regulation of economic and some social processes separately. Social and economic processes are inseparable, and their state regulation should be carried out jointly. The purpose of regulating socio-economic processes is to develop a new model of the socially oriented market economy. On the basis of the study of literary sources, the author considers the methods, levers, and tools of state regulation of socio-economic processes. In our opinion, the state can regulate socio-economic processes using many methods: economic, administrative, and legal ones. In addition to these methods, it is advisable to use some specific methods, in particular, institutional, donor, protectionist, socio-psychological, and others. The study of state regulation of socio-economic processes should also be accompanied by the study of the relevant regulation principles. Knowledge of these principles is required to improve the effectiveness of regulation. The more precisely we follow them, the closer the trajectory of socio-economic processes will be to the desired one. In our opinion, state regulation of socio-economic processes should adhere to the following basic principles: anthropocentrism, unity of social and economic processes, social justice, efficiency, scientificity, adequacy, purposefulness, coordination of interests, complexity, priority, consistency, adaptation, sufficiency, gradualness and phasing, optimal combination of administrative, legal and economic levers, ensuring unity of strategic and current government regulation, material and financial balance, etc.Keywords: regulation, management, state regulation, self-regulation, socio-economic processes, state regulation methods, principles of regulation of socio-economic processes ; Анотація. Мета статті – подати авторську концепцію основних методів і принципів державного регулювання соціально-економічних процесів. Це дослідження базувалось на застосуванні методів емпіричного пізнання, а саме: спостереження, опис, порівняння, індуктивне узагальнення. Розкрито підходи науковців до трактування понять «регулювання», «управління», викладено авторське розуміння поняття «регулювання». Обґрунтовано, що в процесі регулювання економіки будь-якої країни потрібно активно залучати державу, а також ефективно використовувати механізм саморегулювання для забезпечення соціальних гарантій населення. Охарактеризовано суть поняття «державне регулювання» та відзначено, що немає поняття «державне регулювання соціально-економічних процесів», хоча деякі науковці розглядають окремо державне регулювання економічних, а деякі соціальних процесів. Соціальні й економічні процеси невід'ємні одні від одних, їхнє державне регулювання доцільно проводити сумісно. Опрацювавши літературні джерела, автор розглянув методи, важелі та інструменти державного регулювання соціально-економічними процесами. Визначено принципи, яких треба дотримуватись у державному регулюванні соціально-економічних процесів. Знання цих принципів потрібне для того, щоб поліпшити ефективність цього регулювання. Ключові слова: регулювання, управління, державне регулювання, саморегулювання, соціально-економічні процеси, методи державного регулювання, принципи регулювання соціально-економічних процесів

Socio-economic policy should satisfy the interests of the society as much as possible and contribute to improving the quality of life. This actualizes the role of developing the theoretical and methodological foundations for building an innovative information system for monitoring the socio-economic situation and population responses. The study built and tested an algorithm for supporting management decisions based on the collection of large data sets of socio-economic information based on the principles of the digital economy and processing them through network analysis. The algorithm is focused on building a monitoring system that presupposes a synergy of the authorities and the society, not only in its pensionary part, but also among the masses, which are diverse in their representativeness. The result of the study was the formation of a theoretical and methodological framework for creating a system for making management decisions and assessing the effectiveness of the activities of government bodies, based on the principles of reflection of the final beneficiaries of economic policy. ; peer-reviewed

Abstract-This study investigate the relationship between economy at national and international level, supply chain management system and socio economic process. In this article, we consider the effect of world economy globalization upon socio-economic processes at the national level. We define a set of qualitative attributes of globalization, such as essential growth of international economic relations, national markets' price leveling, the arrival of investment resource in world markets, creation of a single world finance infrastructure, and the advent of a distinct economic constituent in the activities of international political and military organization. This research is aimed at forming a system of quantitative parameters, which can be assigned to the attributes above, as well as revealing globalization effects on socio-economic development either at national or regional levels, since many contemporary works consider globalization and regionalization as a dialectical process consisting of two indissolubly united parts. Besides, the tasks of the research include the forecast of some tendencies towards globalization effects on the development of national economy by monitoring the formed system of parameters.

Public health remains a major concern for Moldovan society. According to 2018 data from a study on human rights perceptions, 71.6% of respondents believe that the right to health needs more attention from society. Inequalities in the healthcare system still persist. If some inequalities have decreased, others have increased. The health system in the Republic of Moldova, like that in most countries of the world, not expected to prepare - to face the pandemic with insufficient staff, affected by the lack of clear protocols for the circumstances in question, insufficient technical and professional capacities, outdated infrastructure, limited medical equipment and supplies, poor logistics, fragile communication and trust. Speaking about the issue of human rights in the context of the COVID 19 pandemic, we attest that it is not studied in the specialized literature.