Suchergebnisse

Sociocultural factors affect both the definition and the sense organs involved in hallucinations. It is suggested that, in addition to the importance of audition in communication on the human level, other sociocultural factors may affect the choice of sense organs in the expression of hallucinatory experience. As compared with non-Western societies, Western attitudes consider hallucinations more shameful and frightening (symptoms of mental illness) and this tend to be more liable to concealment and chronicity. It is proposed that the psychoanalytical approached to the interpretation of dreams or behavioural techniques could be used to overcome the concomitants of Western attitudes toward hallucinations. As hallucinations are considered to be the result of the interaction of the sense organs with the physical environment (i.e., misperception) they appear to reflect the biological rather than the social adaptation of the organism. It is thus not surpris ing that sociocultural factors in hallucinations have not been given as much attention as other schizophrenic symptoms such as delusions where social evaluation and interpersonal relationship seem to be clearly implicated (Murphy, 1967; Weinstein, 1962). The present paper aims at delineating the role of sociocultural factors in the definition and the frequency of different kinds of hallucinations. The implications of cultural variations in attitudes toward hallucinations for the development and treatment of hallucinatory experiences will also be discussed.

The paper analyzes key achievements in sociocultural research of economic development for the last twenty years. Firstly, the paper describes the main approaches in sociocultural studies and key trends in empirical research (including causality issues). Secondly, it poses critical open questions in sociocultural research concerning the relationship between culture and institutions, within-country cultural differences, and culture in dynamics. It demonstrates how the research into culture is connected to the studies of social capital. Finally, the paper formulates the theses of the sociocultural economics research field.

Home computer ownership and Internet access have become essential to education, job security and economic opportunity. The digital divide remains greatest for ethnic/racial groups placing them at a disadvantage. The purpose of the study was to gain understanding and insight into the sociocultural factors influencing the digital divide as related to Latinos as a group, specifically a group of non-traditional Latina pre-service teachers from the midwest in a required online instructional media and technology course. The following sociocultural factors (1) generational status, (2) English language ability, (3) educational attainment, (4) socioeconomic status and (5) gender identity are defined and identified in relationship to the success of these participants. Of the five sociocultural factors explored in this study, only English language ability did not appear to have any direct influence on the success of these particular students. These sociocultural factors also influenced one another, particularly as generational status influences English language ability, educational attainment, gender roles, and ultimately socioeconomic status.

SummaryBivariate and multivariate analyses of the influence of demographic and sociocultural factors on contraceptive knowledge, attitudes and practice among currently married respondents in Uganda show that: (1) contraceptive knowledge is widespread, even among women with no education; (ii) the majority of the respondents have favourable attitudes towards contraceptive use; (iii) the level of contraceptive use is low in comparison with knowledge and attitudes. Post-primary education, ethnicity, residence, the presence of the spouse in the household and discussion of family planning with spouse were strong predictors of knowledge and favourable attitudes towards contraception. Secondary or higher education, discussion of family planning with spouse and urban residence strongly influenced contraceptive use, but child mortality did not. The use of condoms as a behavioural change to avoid contracting HIV/AIDS was low. The results suggest that, particularly in rural areas, family planning services are not meeting the needs of potential clients.

This research paper analyzes the current English learning and teaching situation in Vietnam through collated data from both primary and secondary sources. The primary sources were taken from the survey entitled, "Factors influencing Vietnamese learners' success in learning English" (see Appendix A). The survey asked participants to describe their demographics and opinions about teaching and learning English in Vietnam. The participants consisted of the author's living and teaching network, which was comprised of 31.8% acquaintances and 68.2% students at the Premier Language School. The secondary sources were compiled from scholarly articles, news, books, and online sources. These sources provide a broad scope when looking into the country's identified issues concerning English learning and teaching.

Why can two people use a drug and one person becomes addicted while the other does not? Determinants of Addiction: Neurobiological, Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sociocultural Factors unravels the complexities underlying addiction to understand how individual factors at the genetic, cellular, anatomical, cognitive-behavioral, and sociocultural level can influence susceptibility to substance use disorders. The first section reviews the neurobiological determinants of addiction and examines how drugs hijack the reward pathway and alter numerous neurotransmitter systems such as dopamine. The second section covers the behavioral-cognitive determinants of addiction such a conditioning, memory processes, and decision-making. The final section examines individual differences in addiction vulnerability, with a focus on personality factors, sociocultural factors, sex/gender, and stress. The book references commonly used drugs such as nicotine, ethanol (alcohol), opioids, and cocaine

The problem of sociocultural development of mankind is comprehensively researched in the work. The contemporary approaches to the interpretation of the concept of culture and sociocultural development, the importance of their application to the study of socio-political processes are analyzed. There was proposed the structure of factors and trends ofsociocultural development, as well as the importance of each of them. The author made an attempt to determine the interconnectedness of trends ща sociocultural development, to prove the impact of globalization and transformation processes on it. Particular attention is paid to globalization and transformation processes, their specifics of manifestation and impact on other trends in social development. The factors of sociocultural development of Ukrainian society in the context of its transition to an innovative model of development are studied. Further development processes are predicted. General methods were used: normative-value method, dialectical, historical, systemic; logical methods: induction, modeling; methods of political analysis: method of mathematical modeling and forecasting, applied political analysis, scenario method. ; У роботі комплексно досліджена проблема соціокультурного розвитку людства. Проаналізовано сучасні підходи до трактування поняття культури та соціокультурного розвитку, важливість їх застосування дослідженні суспільнополітичних процесів. Була запропонована структура чинників і трендів соціокультурного розвитку, проаналізовано важливість кожного із них. Здійснено спробу визначення взаємопов'язаності трендів соціокультурного розвитку, оцінки впливу на нього глобалізаційних та трансформаційних процесів. Окрема увага приділена вивченню глобалізаційних і трансформаційних процесів, їх специфіки прояву і впливу на інші тенденції суспільного розвитку. Досліджено чинники соціокультурного розвитку українського суспільства у контексті його переходу до інноваційної моделі розвитку. Спрогнозовано подальші процеси розвитку. Були використані загальні методи: нормативно-ціннісний метод, діалектичний, історичний, системний; логічні методи: індукція, моделювання; методи політичного аналізу: метод математичного моделювання та прогнозування, прикладний політичний аналіз, метод сценаріїв.

Sport is a complex and contradictory phenomenon of our time. The relevance of this study is due to the need to answer a number of questions related to determining its place among the values of modern society and person, identifying the possibility of realizing the humanistic potential of modern sport, as well as the most significant problems of its development in the context of globalization. These questions are related to the study of the influence of sociocultural factors on the development of sport. The purpose of this article is to study the influence of national traditions, the social structure of society, as well as globalization processes on the development of sport. It is shown that sport is a reflection of the national systems within which it developed. It is noted that the essence and significance of sport changes under the influence of sociocultural factors. Sport not only reflects a certain value system of society, but also popularizes and strengthens it. It is able to form its own subculture, values that differ from the generally accepted ones, from the values of other components of the sociocultural system. It is shown that modern trends in the sport development such as individualization, massification, desacralization, rationalization, and universalization are consistent with the main provisions of the concept of global development of A. de Benoist. It is emphasized that in the context of globalization, the values of traditional sport are being transformed, which leads to the dehumanization of the sport movement, the dominance of a technocratic style of thinking, to the politicization, commercialization of modern sport, the use of doping to improve sports results, etc. The globalization of sport has become a kind of cultural intervention that encroaches on national traditions and foundations. The positive and negative impact of mass media on the sport development is noted. On the one hand, they promote popularization of sport, and on the other, turn it into a consumer product. The subject of sale and consumption now is not only a sport spectacle, sport equipment, but also the athletes themselves, their image, lifestyle, and moral principles. It is hoped that the formula "unity in diversity" will become a natural axiom not only for the development of sport, but also for the whole of humanity