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Adorno's work, in particular the texts dealing with the relationship between music and social behaviors or structures, has been the target of criticism, especially in the second half of the 20th century, being considered by many to be generalist, dogmatic or even elitist. This work proposes the analysis of musical technologies not only as a set of compositional techniques, as Adorno does, but, in fact, as material conditions for the realization of a certain type of sound/music. The colonialist character of these technologies is also analyzed. Based on a review of some key concepts in Adornian theory, a dialogue is sought with more contemporary authors from the sociology of music.

This article identifies, among Georg Simmel's various writings, his conception of one of modern social theory's founding concepts: the tension between individual and society. Simmel insists that the question 'How is society possible?' requires a philosophical, as much as a purely sociological, answer. In this article we argue that Simmel's objective in founding a science of society cannot be separated from his interpretation of modernity. We shall try to bring out what we see as the clear & specific connection between his two projects.

The use of the term social networks has spread in a majority way in the Spanish-speaking countries, not only in an academic and scientific way, but also in the whole society, understanding a commonly accepted meaning to refer to certain online tools such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram or LinkedIn among others. Thus, we must ask ourselves if this terminological conception and the conceptual form are well used and if there is a better alternative, to clarify such an important field of study in the social sciences. The article compiles definitions and uses of the term, placing special emphasis on the most primitive definitions of social networks that we can find in the Anglo-Saxon literature. Based on social
scientific studies that were published in English and more recently in Spanish, we can explain the detailed conceptualization and differentiation of social networks and social media, emphasizing the way of improvement. A distinction is made between types of social networks and the possibilities offered by distinguishing between social networks and social media for research methodology in social sciences in Spanish.

The article introduces Anne Marion MacLean into the United States' scientific sociology at its very origins (1892), when the Department of Sociology of the Chicago University was created. It also puts MacLean in a network called 'Women's School of Chicago', & the forgotten contributions of these social sciences' pioneers, submitted to the American Journal of Sociology, are analyzed. Two MacLean's key contributions are highlighted: the correspondence courses in teaching sociology & her research by means of participant observation in workplaces focusing on women's work.

Este artículo reflexiona sobre el estudio de la vida cotidiana en la obra de Henri Lefeb-vre; analiza la importancia que este autor da a la cotidianidad para comprender los proce-sos sociales e históricos que dieron forma a la modernidad y destaca la relevancia que da a la literatura para el análisis sociológico y la rela-ción entre ciudad, revolución y vida cotidiana, así como la vigencia de sus propuestas. Se sub-rayan los principales rasgos que Lefebvre otorga a la cotidianidad y se hace una crítica sobre sus reflexiones. Se concluye que la vida cotidiana es un centro neurálgico de las principales tesis de Henri Lefebvre.

En este artículo se defiende la plausibilidad de un Programa Fuerte en Sociología del Conocimiento. Se analizan críticamente varias objeciones de las que éste es objeto. En particular, se demuestra que el cargo según el cual es un programa que se autorrefuta no es concluyente. Se presenta la hipótesis mertoniana sobre la razón por la cual el Programa Fuerte, siendo un programa atractivo y en sintonía con la epistemología contemporánea, no deja de ser objeto de apasionados ataques y ridiculizaciones. Dicha hipótesis sostiene que al menos algunas de las críticas apasionadas de las que es objeto, están motivadas por la indignación que provoca la violación de un valor central de la práctica científica.

In this article, a dialogic relationship between Orlando Fals Borda (1925-2008) and Camilo Torres Restrepo (1929-1966), in three particular areas of their lives, is established: ethical-spiritual, epistemological, and political. In such a way, there exists an indivisible relationship between the notion of "effective love", the neo-paradigmatic perspective of participatory-action research, and the political horizon of Raizal socialism.

En 1995 los autores del presente artículo escribieron un ensayo en el que reflexionaron acerca de la posibilidad de que la sociología del trabajo, con sus paradigmas disciplinarios "normales", pudiera explicar las nuevas realidades que surgían en aquel momento como consecuencia del posfordismo en la fase globalizada del capitalismo. Doce años más tarde llevaron a cabo una lectura crítica, así como una actualización de aquellos conceptos, tratando de establecer nuevos retos para los estudios sociales del trabajo. En ambas ocasiones se afirmaba la existencia de una crisis de la sociología del trabajo marcada por un reduccionismo económico que tiende a considerar a los actores sociales del proceso de trabajo como meras categorías del "modelo fabril". También se afirmó que la transformación radical de los actores sociolaborales del siglo xx, cada vez más evidente en los años noventa y claramente desarrollada en el siglo xxi, fue desafiando la delimitación temática de la disciplina. En consecuencia, era necesario incorporar dimensiones tanto subjetivas como colectivas en el contexto del análisis disciplinario. En este artículo, se proponen avanzar en la revisión de cuestiones teóricas que deben replantearse y modificarse con el objetivo de comprender el nuevo escenario global y sus consecuencias para las relaciones laborales y los trabajadores.

Participants in the seminar "Sociology Today," organized by the Dept of Political & Social Sciences of the National Autonomous U of Mexico, discussed the state of sociology & the need for reform of the undergraduate & graduate curricula. Topics included: (1) epistemological, theoretical, & methodological problems in classic sociology, from the perspective of the crisis of sociological paradigms; (2) theory & practice of sociology in contemporary Mexico; (3) the status of social theory in the 1980s in relation to economic & political changes; (4) challenges & alternatives for Mexican sociology in the 1990s; & (5) the teaching of sociology & sociological research in contemporary Mexico. The development of sociology in Mexico in the last three decades & its possibilities for the future are evaluated. R. Jaramillo

At the Ecole Polytechnique, an academic, revolutionary & scientific institution, is born sociology like science under a fast & positive conception. In this article we analyzed the ideals of the polytechnical engineers & their importance to define the principles of sociology. References. Adapted from the source document.

The current crisis of sociology in Latin America is discussed, especially possible reasons for the poverty of Ur theory. The poor exchange of information is perceived as an important factor: few of the basic texts in Ur sociology have been translated into Spanish. The two major paradigms in the field -- functionalism & Marxist structuralism -- have already declined in prestige in their countries of origin, & it appears that this will also occur in Latin America. A new theoretical focus is needed. To draw attention to some neglected aspects of Ur sociology that may be relevant, a historical review examines the work of pioneer Charles Booth (1840-1916), the Chicago school, & Marxist structuralism. C. Waters

This study analyses the different contributions of Sociology and the Classic State Sociology to the State Theory, taking into account their methodologies and the results of their application, revisiting the theory of the emergency of the State within those approaches. These contributions, starting with Marx, Durkheim and Weber see the State as a phenomenon being particular, historic, social, plural and multiform. At the same time, the State is considered as an independent element in order to analyse and justify a range diversity of social facts. Adapted from the source document.