Suchergebnisse

The article is devoted to the study of the main institutionalized and informal practices of representation of national interests in the political process of modern Russia. By analyzing the process of aggregation of interests of the Bashkir ethnic group, studying the main forms and activities of Bashkir national and cultural organizations, as well as the channels of lobbying the interests of the Republican political elite at the federal level, the authors conclude that there is a serious dissonance between the official discourse and the real mechanisms of representation of national interests. The process of politicization of "ethnicity", which began in the 90s of the last century, led to the transformation of the national factor into a serious tool for building relations within the "center – regions" system, as well as to the replacement of the interests of ethnic groups with the economic and political interests of regional national elites. This circumstance, in its turn, leads to the priority of non-institutionalized forms of representation of national interests in the political process.

The article considers various methodological approaches to the definition of a megacity, reveals the relationship between the concepts of "megalopolis", "megacity", "megapolitan type city". The differences between foreign and Russian traditions in the definition of a megacity are revealed. It is concluded that the specificity of the "megacity" interpretation in Russian science is determined by the objective conditions for the formation and development of large Russian cities. The functions performed by the megacity at the meso- and macro levels – in the regional and global space are analyzed. The dialectical principles of the analysis of the megacity as a socio-territorial system are defined.

The article highlights the problem of socio-cultural nature of speech conflicts. Communicators' speech activity is conditioned both by inner and external factors of communication situation. Communicators' personal types are of great importance, as well as their communication schemes. Personal values and principles define human motivation and intention. The asymmetry of communication activity, a speech one included, causes a lot of various conflicts.

The article considers political and ideological aspects of patriotism and technologies of its formation in modern conditions. The author shows that patriotic problematic is traditional for social and political discourse and remains relevant nowadays. The need for a deep and comprehensive theoretical and methodological study of the state policy on patriotic education of Russians was proved. The approaches to develop a model of modern patriotism which corresponds to the image of our Fatherland's future were outlined.

The article analyzes the influence of ethnic factor in the post-Soviet space using the example of the Saratov region. On the basis of a public survey conducted in eight districts of the region, the activities of national and cultural organizations as subjects of civil society and the regional political process are considered. Their interaction with the authorities, difficulties, and contradictions arising in the process of implementing the programs and goals of national and cultural organizations are studied.

The article reveals the understanding of space and the state border as a national value of Russia. As a result of historical development, due to the presence of a constant threat to the country and the resource mobilization for its protection, the citizens of Russia have formed a sustainable defense consciousness and understanding of the border as a sacred value. The article raises the question of further understanding of the problem.

The article examines the features of the complex and multifaceted phenomenon of the ethnocratic elite. The general features of this elite group, which is an integral part of regional elite groups and the characteristic features developing under the influence of both general civilizational factors and local ones, including the peculiarities of recruiting, traditions and established principles of the functioning of power institutions, are revealed.

The article presents the results of the study that included the materials of two authors' social polls (Nizhny Novgorod, 2020, n = 560) and the data on the search queries of Internet users from the WordStat service from "Yandex" company. The main research is dedicated to assessing technologies for influencing the socio-political activity of young people. Modern Russian society switches to the information type, which is characterized by the growing influence of new forms of communication technologies in various spheres of social life and strengthening of the ingrowth of such technologies into people's lives. The number of Internet users grows every year, half of the users are representatives of the younger generation. In such conditions, the phenomenon of the Internet acquires particular importance as an interactive platform for mass communication and influence on political processes, which makes the study of new digital technologies for working with youth so relevant. The article describes and classifies modern technologies for promoting socio-political content in social networks popular among young people: selfactualization (hype and trend), self-expansion (autoposting), self-institutionalization (funnel).

The article considers the theoretical aspects of the phenomenon of physical culture and sport as a social space in the framework of the main provisions of Pierre Bourdieu sociological theory. A retrospective review of scientific sources on the impact of physical culture and sports on various aspects of human life is made. Empirical studies allowing to apply the classical concepts of "social space", "field", "types of capital", and "practice of agents" to physical culture and sports activities are noted. Objective and subjective characteristics of social fields in the structure of the social space of physical culture and sports are given. The types of agents' practices in the fields of mass physical culture, physical culture in the education system, physical education, physical rehabilitation, and sports activity have been determined. The interrelation of the characteristics of fields and the activity of practical actions of agents is indicated, depending on their attitude to physical culture and sports. The possibility of using the social space of physical culture and sports for the correction of social well-being of various socio-demographic strata of society due to the genesis and accumulation of social and cultural capital at all levels of an individual's functioning is assumed.

The article contains the author's suggestions how to use terms "good politics" and "bad politics" as theoretical tools of political study. The author provides rationale for assigning a meaning to these terms allowing political scientists to tackle applied and theoretical tasks – to explore and interpret conflict situations between two bases of liberal and democratic process, in particular, i.e., on the one hand, its formal structure invigorating the process' participants to address political challenges with the help of democratic institutions and technologies, and, on the other hand, political actors' understanding that their chances to use these institutions and technologies in order to gain personal and public profit are rather low. Methodological potential of "good politics" and "bad politics" terms is explained on the example of solving two issues. The first one is revealing the source of liberal politics' ability to embody the progress of modern civilization without significant institutional and functional changes. The second one implies defining the level of legitimacy of liberal and democratic politics without using economic term "efficacy" within its political study.

The article covers theoretical and practical aspects of implementing foreign cultural policy by Spain. Drawing on various studies (both Russian and foreign ones) and official documents, the specific nature of the foreign cultural activity of Spain is analyzed and a conclusion is made about potential lines of its further development.

The article contains results of the research of advertising communication of the candidate P. N. Grudinin. Drawing on the data from social surveys, the author puts forward a thesis that the political idea promoted by the candidate is irrelevant for the majority of voters in Russia. The following features of advertising communications are highlighted: an appeal to the past; the lack of attempts to expand the electoral base; use of oppositions.

In modern conditions of profound changes in Russian social reality socio-cultural space and social competition became a powerful factor contributing to the mobilization of the activity of individuals, groups, society as a whole. The desire of people to take a more favorable social position, the struggle for various resources construct new models of human behavior, new practices. Social competition is viewed as a form of social ties and the type of social interactions reflecting the ability of achieving goals in conditions of competition with others. It permeates the entire social fabric inherent in various social groups, organizations, including such high-status and complex ones like universities. The article analyzes the sociocultural mechanisms that accompany social competition, such as pragmatization and rationalization of consciousness and behavior, transformation of traditional values. The mechanisms of flexible-contextual rationality, deviations of values from ideal attitudes are analyzed. The practices simulating (imitating) the processes of organizing and implementing various aspects of the educational process at the university are presented. These practices contribute to the successful attainment of the actors' goal, but are dysfunctional in the instrumental aspects related to how goal attainment occurs in a competitive environment. The influence of competitive conditions on the growth of authoritarian and bureaucratic tendencies is shown; usage of presentation paradigm and point-rating system; McDonaldized practices in which quantity is synonymous to quality. Some problems social-humanitarian cycle lecturers reducing their competitiveness, are demonstrated. The analyzed practices reflect the process of constructing the sociocultural space of universities, institutionalizing a new normative-value reality.

Stances of "Communist Party of the Russian Federation" and "Fair Russia" as two main left parties on the eve of State Duma election-2021 are considered in the article. Based on the analysis of CPRF leaders' reaction to January protest campaign, the author concludes that there are some signs of crisis within the party and pinpoints reasons of communists' inability to crucially change their image and electoral resources for the upcoming election. "Fair Russia" attempt to strengthen its potential through alliance with the left and patriotic forces as well as its possible outcomes within the context of rather controversial perception of the party as an oppositional one are evaluated. Objective demand for consolidation of all Russian "left" forces on modern social and democratic platform is substantiated.

The article provides a meaningful analysis of late widowhood and studies the most significant semantic and structural characteristics accompanying its difficulties and sufferings. The article reveals the specifics of late widowhood associated with the collapse of the unitary marital union and the increase of the risk and uncertainty of everyday life, both in the socio-cultural and in the vital senses. Particular attention is paid to the folklore images of the widowed people significantly forming the basic stereotypes.