Suchergebnisse

The question of rhythm is a social, a cultural, and a political question. How to find a rhythm? And, more importantly, how can the economy find a rhythm, without tending towards the mastering of chaos and the prediction of unexpected events?

Milton Santos, important Brazilian geographer, stated in his writings that space is a social production through time. The present work belongs to a series of studies of Latin-American cities based on Santos´ theories. Our case study is the city of Havana. Strategically situated in the Antilles, the city always played the role of a gate to the Spanish colonies in the Americas. After the Cuban independence (1898), the Caribbean city fell under the influence of the crescent power of the United States. At the turn of the XXth century, the city which during the colonial times based its economy on trade of commodities from the mainland like tobacco or sugar, turned to be funded mainly by North American tourism. The city attracted legal investment and mafia groups equally. Disparity and growing authoritarianism led to the well known Cuban Revolution and with its socialist reforms, the city froze in time. With the Soviet collapse, the government searched for economic alternatives facing a strong U.S. embargo. Tourism appeared once more as an important source of income. Yet, this new transition raises questions like: how is this reorientation going to change spatially Havana? Or, how are deeper changes in the socialist regime going to affect the heritage and identity of the city?

Intro -- List of contributors -- Acknowledgements -- 1. Children, Childhood and Space: Multidisciplinary Approaches to Identity -- 2. Steps to Children's Living Spaces -- 3. Complexity, Cooperation and Childhood: An Evolutionary Perspective -- 4. Children as Potters: Apprenticeship Patterns from Bell Beaker Potteryof Copper Age Inner Iberia (Spain) (c. 2500-2000 cal BC) -- 5. Social Relations between Adulthood and Childhood in theEarly Bronze Age Site of Peñalosa (Baños de la Encina, Jaen, Spain) -- 6. Gender and Childhood in the II Iron Age: The Pottery Centreof Las Cogotas (Ávila, Spain) -- 7. Playing with Mud? An Ethnoarchaeological Approach to Children'sLearning in Kusasi Ceramic Production -- 8. Infantile Individuals: The Great Forgotten of Ancient Miningand Metallurgical Production -- 9. Learning to Be Adults: Games and Childhood on the Outskirtsof the Big City (San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina) -- 10. Disabled Children and Domestic Living Spaces in Britain, 1800-1900 -- 11. La evolución de los espacios de aprendizaje de la infancia a travésde los modelos pedagógicos -- 12. Montessori y el ambiente preparado: un espacio de aprendizaje paralos niños -- 13. Didactics of Childhood: The Case Study of Prehistory -- 14. Once upon a time… Childhood and Archaeology from the Perspectiveof Spanish Museums -- 15. Home to Mother: The Long Journey to not Lose one's own Identity -- 16. Use of Molecular Genetic Procedures for Sex Determinationin 'Guanches' Children's Remains -- 17. Salud y crecimiento en la Edad del Cobre. Un estudio preliminar de losindividuos subadultos de Camino del Molino (Caravaca de la Cruz,Murcia, España). Un sepulcro colectivo del III milenio cal. BC -- 18. Infant Burials during the Copper and Bronze Ages in the IberianJarama River Valley: A Preliminary Study about Childhoodin the Funerary Context during III-II millennium BC.

Children, and space : multidisciplinary approaches to identity childhood / Margarita Sánchez Romero, Eva Alarcón García and Gonzalo Aranda Jiménez -- Steps to children's living spaces / Grete Lillehammer -- Complexity,CooperationandChildhood : An Evolutionary Perspective / Juan Manuel Jiménez-Arenas -- Children as potters : apprenticeship patterns from Bell Beaker pottery of Copper Age Inner Iberia (Spain) (c. 2500-2000 cal BC) / Rafael Garrido-Pena and Ana Mercedes Herrero-Corral -- Social Relations between adulthood and childhood in the Early Bronze Age site of Peñalosa (Baños de la Encina, Jaen, Spain) / Eva Alarcón García -- Gender and childhood in the II Iron Age : the pottery centreof Las Cogotas (Ávila, Spain) / Juan Jesús Padilla Fernández and Linda Chapon -- "Playing with mud" : an ethnoarchaeological approach to childhood learning of pottery making in northeast Ghana / Manuel Calvo, Jaume García Rosselló, David Javaloyas and Daniel Albero Contents -- Infantile Individuals: the Great Forgotten of Ancient Mining and Metallurgical Production / Luis Arboledas Martínez and Eva Alarcón García -- Learning to be adults : games and childhood on the outskirts of the big city (San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina) / Daniel Schavelzon -- Disabled Children and Domestic Living Spaces in Britain, 1800-1900 / Mary Clare Martin -- La evolución de los espacios de aprendizaje de la infancia a través de los modelos pedagógicos / Victoria Carmona Buendía and Elisa Valero Ramos -- Montessori y el ambiente preparado: un espacio de aprendizaje para los niños / Fátima Ortega Castillo -- Didactics of childhood : the case study of prehistory / Antonia García Luque -- Once upon a time : Childhood and archeology from the perspective of Spanish museums / Isabel Izquierdo Peraile, Clara López Ruiz and Lourdes Prados Torreira -- Home to Mother : the Long Journey to not Lose one's own Identity / Angela Anna Iuliucci -- Use of Molecular Genetic Procedures for Sex determination in Guanches' Children's Remains / Matilde Arnay, Alejandra Calderón Ordóñez, Rosa Fregel, Guacimara Ramos, Emilio González and José Pestano -- Salud y crecimiento en la Edad del Cobre : Un estudio preliminar de los individuos subadultos de Camino del Molino (Caravaca de la Cruz, Murcia, España) : Un sepulcro colectivo del III Milenio cal. BC/ Susana Mendiela, Carme Rissech, María Haber and Daniel Turbón -- Infant Burials during the Copper and Bronze Ages in the Iberian Jarama River Valley : a preliminary study about childhood in the funerary context during III-II millennium BC / Raquel Aliaga Almela, Corina Liesau, Concepción Blasco, Patricia Ríos and Lorenzo Galindo -- Premature Death in the Vaccean Aristocracy at Pintia (Padilla de Duero/Peñafiel, Valladolid) : Comparative Study of the Funerary Rituals of two Little "princesses" / Carlos Sanz Minguez -- Dying young in Archaic Gela (Sicily) : from the Analysis of the Cemeteries to the Reconstruction of early colonial Identity / Claudia Lambrugo -- Maternidad e inhumaciones perinatales en el vicus romanorrepublicano de el Camp de les Lloses (tona, Barcelona) : lecturas y significados / Montserrat Duran i Caixal, Imma Mestres i Santacreu and M. Dolors Molas Font -- Children and funerary space : Ritual behaviours in the Greek colonies of Magna Graecia and Sicily / Diego Elia and Valeria Meirano -- Children and their burial practices in the early medieval cemeteries of Castel trosino and Nocera Umbra (Italy) / Valentina de Pasca -- La cultura lúdica en los rituales funerarios infantiles : los juegos de velorio / Jaume Bantulà Janot and Andrés Payà Rico -- Compartir la experiencia de la muerte : El niño muerto y el niño enfrentado a la muerte / Virginia de la Cruz Lichet

Milton Santos, important Brazilian geographer, stated in his writings that space is a social production through time. The present work belongs to a series of studies of Latin-American cities based on Santos´ theories. Our case study is the city of Havana. Strategically situated in the Antilles, the city always played the role of a gate to the Spanish colonies in the Americas. After the Cuban independence (1898), the Caribbean city fell under the influence of the crescent power of the United States. At the turn of the XXth century, the city which during the colonial times based its economy on trade of commodities from the mainland like tobacco or sugar, turned to be funded mainly by North American tourism. The city attracted legal investment and mafia groups equally. Disparity and growing authoritarianism led to the well known Cuban Revolution and with its socialist reforms, the city froze in time. With the Soviet collapse, the government searched for economic alternatives facing a strong U.S. embargo. Tourism appeared once more as an important source of income. Yet, this new transition raises questions like: how is this reorientation going to change spatially Havana? Or, how are deeper changes in the socialist regime going to affect the heritage and identity of the city?

This article tries to picture the relationships present in the convulsed department of Arauca (Colombia), in the fields of geography and space, population and society, politics and conflict, economy and institutionality, illegality and violence, as well as other valid associations among these topics. All this to defend the basic idea that not only the political violence but the conflict, seen in this territory for twenty years, objectively exist, partially linked to the conscious intentionality of the main actors. ; Este artículo intenta dibujar el cuadro de relaciones presente en el convulsionado departamento de Arauca (Colombia), en lo geográfico y lo espacial, en el poblamiento y lo social, en lo político y en el conflicto, en lo económico y lo institucional, en lo ilegal y en la violencia, así como en otras asociaciones válidas y diferenciadas entre los mismos tópicos. Todo esto para sustentar la idea básica de que tanto la violencia política como el conflicto armado, observados en este territorio desde hace veinte años, mantienen una existencia objetiva, parcialmente ligada a la intencionalidad consciente de sus protagonistas.

This article tries to picture the relationships present in the convulsed department of Arauca (Colombia), in the fields of geography and space, population and society, politics and conflict, economy and institutionality, illegality and violence, as well as other valid associations among these topics. All this to defend the basic idea that not only the political violence but the conflict, seen in this territory for twenty years, objectively exist, partially linked to the conscious intentionality of the main actors. ; Este artículo intenta dibujar el cuadro de relaciones presente en el convulsionado departamento de Arauca (Colombia), en lo geográfico y lo espacial, en el poblamiento y lo social, en lo político y en el conflicto, en lo económico y lo institucional, en lo ilegal y en la violencia, así como en otras asociaciones válidas y diferenciadas entre los mismos tópicos. Todo esto para sustentar la idea básica de que tanto la violencia política como el conflicto armado, observados en este territorio desde hace veinte años, mantienen una existencia objetiva, parcialmente ligada a la intencionalidad consciente de sus protagonistas.

El concepto de Espacio Compartido, traducción literal de "Shared Space", nace formalmente con la puesta en marcha del proyecto europeo así titulado, que forma parte del programa IIIB, del Mar del Norte. "Shared Space" se inició en 2004 y su duración como proyecto financiado en parte por la Unión Europea finalizará en 2008, tras haber promovido siete proyectos piloto en Alemania, Bélgica, Dinamarca, Holanda e Inglaterra. Sin embargo, "Shared Space" no es sino una nueva denominación para una técnica con décadas de historia, desarrollada fundamentalmente en Holanda y que puso en práctica nuevos criterios para la regulación del tráfico y el diseño del espacio público, basados en la eliminación de toda señalización reguladora, en resaltar el contexto urbano del espacio vial y en la coexistencia e integración espacial de los diferentes usuarios. Analizar la experiencia existente de construcción y funcionamiento de espacios compartidos y evaluar la posibilidad de aplicar sus criterios a algunas de las calles o áreas de los centros de las ciudades españolas es el objeto del trabajo que se presenta a continuación. Abstract:The "Shared Space" concept was formally defined when the European Project with this title took place, as part of the Interreg IIIB, North Sea Program. "Shared Space" initiated at 2004 and it's time as a project partly financed by the European Union finish at 2008, after having promoted seven "pilot projects" at Germany, Belgium, Denmark, Holland and England. Nevertheless, Shared Space, it's just a new name for a technique with decades of history, developed fundamentally in Holland and which implemented new criteria for traffic regulation and public space design, were based on all traffic signs elimination and on the spatial integration of all different street users. To analyze Shared Space's projects construction and operation experience, and evaluate their possible application in some Spanish city centres is this paper main objective.

In this paper I explore the discursive use of public space, understood as a rhetorical resource for localized social action. Analysing several extracts of written documents and in-depth interviews, I focus on the rhetorical use of space-formulations and constructions of people-in-place relations by social and institutional agents confronted by the physical definition of a space in conflict. The discursive work includes the rhetorical management of culturally and ideologically organized constructions of urban territoriality, argumentative uses of localized social categories and behaviour-scripts for the performance of normative patterns of coexistence in the public space, and rhetorical work on spatially rooted symbolic processes. The purpose is to contribute to a critical examination of conflictive sociospatial phenomena from a discursive approach, seeking to make visible the social tensions involved in the deliberate attempt to control and organize urban space.

This research article presents the direct experience of transformations observed in urban public spaces during the period of lockdown in which citizens from different cities of the world were constrained as a measure adopted by governments to prevent the spread of COVID-19. After considering the public space, a setting of democratic expressions for the revindication of social movements, demonstrations of political tension, exhibitions of artistic expression and the fulfillment of human needs such as socialization, recreation and sport, it is now desolate. It discusses the implications of the imposed regulations on democracy, freedom of expression and movement, and particularly on the socialization, the personal distances, recognition of faces, sounds of the streets and the redirection of the interests of investigators of public life. It warns of the long-term changes that the effect of isolation may have on how we use public spaces in our social lives in the future, even once the pandemic has been contained. ; El presente artículo de investigación recoge la experiencia directa de las transformaciones observadas en algunas prácticas sociales en los espacios públicos urbanos, durante el periodo de confinamiento a que fueron sometidos los ciudadanos en Bogotá, como un ejemplo de lo que se ha vivido en otras ciudades del mundo, resultado de las medidas adoptadas por los gobiernos para evitar la propagación del COVID-19. Después de considerarse el espacio público como un escenario de expresiones democráticas para la reivindicación de movimientos sociales, demostración de tensiones políticas, exhibición de expresiones artísticas y de satisfacción de necesidades humanas como la socialización, la recreación y el deporte, se encuentra ahora desolado. Se discuten las implicaciones de la normatividad impuesta, sobre la democracia, la libertad de expresión y de circulación por el espacio público, la socialización, las distancias personales y el redireccionamiento de los intereses de los investigadores de la vida en público. ...

This paper will present the author's views on the use of outer space, and the impact of space activities on terrestrial undertakings. The main focus of this essay will be on satellites, which have radically changed the way we communicate, and also how we perceive our planet. The influence of South American countries on space activities and space policy will be surveyed. The military use of satellites will not be considered in depth, except to provide a context for the development of satellite technology. Rather, this paper focusses on satellites – Earth observation / remote sensing and communications, on the impact they have had, and continue having in our daily lives.