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"This book focuses on governance and management issues in the much publicized 'Ganga Rejuvenation Project', led by the Indian Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi. Attempts over the past three decades to clean up and rejuvenate one of the world's greatest rivers have proved futile. The major reasons for the lack of success are absence of long-term planning, poor co-ordination and failure to sustain whatever little infrastructure for water and sewage treatment could be developed. Focusing on these broad aspects, the book explores spaces for better governance through active community participation, knowledge management, prospects of Public-Private-Partnership, e-governance, youth education, waterfront development, lessons from past failures, comparative international analogies, utilization of external aid and global expertise in successful implementation of a sustainable long-term plan for a river basin's integrated development of both the economy and environment. A host of activities, such as, improving pollution monitoring systems, new development plans for tourism enhancement; river dredging and sewering riparian cities are already being carried in the hope of quick results. The Government of India has also appointed a task force for preparation of a long-term strategy. However, substantial knowledge gaps persist especially with regard to governance. This book aims to address the governance and policy issues and will be a very timely contribution to cleaning as well as rejuvenating Ganga, a river that is lifeline of millions of people."--

AbstractThis paper describes a framework for estimating the effectiveness of riparian vegetation in modifying the water temperature in streams. A physically‐based model was incorporated into the framework and used to demonstrate that planting trees in strategic locations can have a substantial effect on water temperature in streams and, consequently, on the survival of target fish populations. Application of the framework suggested that equivalent plantings in different configurations can have markedly different outcomes in terms of resultant stream temperature. There is no single best solution for all stream‐restoration projects but, through the use of this framework, environmental planners, designers and managers can compare scenarios and make appropriate decisions for specific streams.

AbstractStreams in North Rhine‐Westphalia (Germany) are frequently impacted by hydromorphological degradation leading to a loss of sensitive species and a reduction in diversity. These findings mean that the final objective of the European Water Framework Directive to achieve the good ecological status will be failed for a large number of streams. In a holistic approach, a new concept, considering the cost efficiency, has been developed to enhance habitats by morphological changes. This guide serves as a basis for stream restoration projects. The theoretical background is that near‐natural sections influence adjacent sections of medium habitat quality positively by migration of type‐specific sensitive organisms. The preconditions are a local taxa richness in the catchment area, the reduction of nutrients and organic matter, and the guarantee of free movement. This so‐called 'spreading effect' can be measured upstream and downstream. The length of by these means valourized sections depends on the stream type and on the biological quality component.

Mestrado em Arquitectura Paisagista - Instituto Superior de Agronomia ; Riparian corridors are unique ecosystems, established normally along the river margins forms dense patches of vegetation adapted to water and soil dynamics. It forms a "continuum" of higher biodiversity then the surroundings, commonly observed in Portugal mainland, with its dry Mediterranean climate. The aim of this study is the ecological restoration of Cobrão's riparian corridor on Lezírias Company, a state-owned agricultural and forestry farmstead, located near Tagus estuary, not far from Lisbon. Lezírias Company property has most of its area covered by cork oak woodlands, integrated on a managed agro-silvo pastoral system. It is under this context that Cobrão's stream riparian corridor is subjected. This stream's longitudinal profile has suffered many anthropological changes throughout the years, mostly for agricultural purposes, affecting the riparian corridor's ecological status. This study will focus, firstly on the regional and local landscape, and climate characterization, as well as the typical Mediterranean riparian ecosystems and finally an overall national and European legislative approach relative to water, land management and conservation. Afterwards, the proposal will aim the ecological renaturalisation and will recommend, on Cobrão's riparian corridor, new accesses and cycling and pedestrian paths. Lastly, this proposal will contemplate an integrated long term management plan

Despite our growing awareness of the vital role they play in the global environment, wetlands remain among the most endangered ecosystems on Earth and are still being destroyed and degraded at an alarming rate. This much-needed publication, which includes contributions from leading researchers and practitioners, presents a holistic perspective on the restoration of wetland ecosystems such as shallow lakes, streams, floodplains and bogs. Through the use of carefully chosen case studies, the authors examine European wetland restoration projects from Scandinavia to Bulgaria and from Ireland to Belarus, focusing on the lessons they can teach to a new generation of conservationists. As well as reviewing the sum of current knowledge on the subject, the text is a store of practical know-how, covering a wide range of conservation approaches and techniques. It analyzes the major problems in the field and identifies key principles for achieving sustainability in wetland restoration. The topics covered include: the role of wetlands in landscape functioning, human interference with natural processes such as water and matter cycles and energy dissipation, the impact of land use on global problems such as climate change, floods and droughts, and the role played by diversity in wetland functioning. The work shows that without sustainable land use over the totality of their catchment areas, and without cohesive inter-agency cooperation, individual restoration projects will have a short life span. The balance between scientific background and practical restoration makes this book a valuable resource for scientists as well as wetland managers, decision makers and land use planners, as well as students of ecology, nature conservation and environmental protection.

"Serial no. 110-6." ; Shipping list no.: 2007-0364-P. ; Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Market-based approaches to conservation -- How stream restoration was born, and what came of it -- How markets, and mitigation, came to be accepted forms of environmental regulation -- The actors in stream mitigation banking -- How mitigation banks work, and the biography of a bank -- The mangle of practice -- Conclusion: Can markets for ecosystem services fix conservation?

Watersheds are often degraded by human activities, reducing their ability to provide ecosystem functions and services. While governmental agencies have put forward plans for improving watershed health, resources are limited, and choices must be made as to which watersheds to prioritize and what actions to take. Prioritization tools with sufficient specificity, resolution, and automation are needed to guide decisions on restoration and management actions across large scales. To address this need, we developed a set of tools to support the protection of streams and associated riparian habitats across the state of California. We developed and tested watershed condition estimation models based on bioassessment data, used the EPA's StreamCat dataset to identify stressors, incorporated environmental justice factors and developed reach-specific models to prioritize actions. We applied the prioritization tools statewide and were able to identify 18% of stream reaches that are in good condition but that are most vulnerable to existing stressors and an additional 19% of stream reaches that are degraded and are highest priority for restoration and management. The remaining 63% of stream reaches were prioritized for protection and periodic monitoring or minor remedial actions. The results of this project can help regional stakeholders and agencies prioritize hundreds of millions of dollars being spent to protect, acquire, and restore stream and riparian habitats. The methods are directly transferable by using any regional condition and stress data that can be readily obtained.