Suchergebnisse

L'édification permanente de nouvelles identités et appartenances constitue un ressort de plus en plus puissant de la gouvernance globale scruté ici à partir de quatre de ses tremplins : sexe, parenté, origine, religion ; dans ces champs sociaux et politiques, imaginaires et symboliques, qui se présentent comme des marchés idéels, se constatent avec particulièrement d'acuité les doubles processus constants de dissolution et de récréation des modes d'identification intrinsèques à la globalisation idéologique. Ces phénomènes de scissiparité identitaire mettent en scène la liquidité et la fluidité des productions de subjectivités dans la configuration présente et désignent des formes de gouvernance inédites qui s'extirpent de l'entreprise de soi, bien repérée par les sociologues au XX e siècle.

This paper deals with the unintended consequences of new management strategies, i.e. the internalisation of markets and the subjectivation of work, on social relations in the workplace. Through the example of two organizational case studies from care services and public transport, it is shown that these managerial strategies foster social fragmentation; specifically, the emergence of established-outsider figurations in the workplace. The paper highlights third parties as an important intervening actor in established-outsider figurations at the organizational level. Third parties, e.g. works councils or line managers, may support established or outsider groups, or play a crucial role in reducing power ratios within figurations. Moreover, the paper explores preconditions of a drag effect of habitus through the example of established-outsider figurations in internal marketisation at the organizational level. Social reciprocity between management and outsider groups may prove a vital precondition of habitual change in outsider groups, thereby adapting to new work-related demands. To conclude, potential future avenues of research are outlined.

This thesis seeks to shed light on the philosophy of the subjectivation in the work of Michel Foucault. From our perspective, the early Foucault (from Madness and Civilization to The Order of Things) strived to overcome the philosophy of the subject in order to advance a thought of anonymity, but the later Foucault (from The Archaeology of Knowledge to The History of Sexuality) attempted to take up the problem of the subject again beyond that anonymity so as to finally elaborate the concept of subjectivation. Hence, our thesis inquires how the later Foucault continued to re-examine the subject in three anonymous domains – knowledge, power and ethics –, in order to extract from Foucault's works what one can finally call the philosophy of the subjectivation. Thus this philosophy consists of three elements: the logic of the subjectivation, the politics of the subjectivation and the ethics of the subjectivation. Since most existing studies are related to the later element, our thesis is primarily devoted to the former two. The first half of the thesis addresses the logic of the subjectivation to reveal our existence in the system of knowledge, and the second half deals with the politics of the subjectivation to reveal our existence in that of power. Theses researches can no longer be accomplished by traditional thoughts (realism of scientific objectivity, phenomenology of transcendental subjectivity, epistemology of ideal forms, hermeneutics of fundamental meaning, etc.), which are never foreign to the philosophy of the subject, but only by Foucault's thought itself, which is well destined to the philosophy of the subjectivation. Thus, our thesis reads Foucault's thought by this same thought itself in order to extract the philosophy of the subjectivation from there. However, ultimately, it not only explores the concept of subjectivation, but also paradoxically sheds light on what one can call the "counter-subjectivation". ; Cette thèse cherche à mettre en lumière la philosophie de la subjectivation chez Michel Foucault. Dans notre perspective, le premier Foucault (d'Histoire de la folie à Les mots et les choses) a essayé de surmonter la philosophie du sujet pour avancer une pensée de l'anonymat, mais le dernier Foucault (de L'archéologie du savoir à Histoire de la sexualité) a tenté de reprendre au-delà de cet anonymat le problème du sujet jusqu'à élaborer finalement le concept de subjectivation. Ainsi, notre thèse se demande comment le dernier Foucault a continué à réexaminer le sujet dans trois domaines anonymes, savoir, pouvoir et éthique, et ce pour dégager de ce parcours foucaldien ce qu'on pourrait appeler au fond la philosophie de la subjectivation. Cette philosophie consiste donc en trois éléments : la logique de la subjectivation, la politique de la subjectivation et l'éthique de la subjectivation. Dès lors que la plupart des études existantes se sont attachées à cette dernière, notre thèse se consacre prioritairement aux deux premières : la première partie de la thèse traite la logique de la subjectivation pour montrer notre existence dans le système du savoir, et la deuxième traite la politique de la subjectivation pour montrer notre existence dans celui du pouvoir. Ces recherches ne peuvent plus s'accomplir par les pensées traditionnelles (réalisme de l'objectivité scientifique, phénoménologie de la subjectivité transcendantale, épistémologie des formes idéales, herméneutique du sens fondamental, etc.), jamais étrangères à la philosophie du sujet, mais seulement par la pensée foucaldienne elle-même, bien destinée à celle de la subjectivation. Cette thèse lit ainsi la pensée foucaldienne par celle-ci elle-même pour en dégager la philosophie de la subjectivation. Elle aboutit cependant non seulement à montrer le concept de subjectivation, mais aussi à trouver paradoxalement ce qu'on pourrait appeler la « contre-subjectivation.

This thesis seeks to shed light on the philosophy of the subjectivation in the work of Michel Foucault. From our perspective, the early Foucault (from Madness and Civilization to The Order of Things) strived to overcome the philosophy of the subject in order to advance a thought of anonymity, but the later Foucault (from The Archaeology of Knowledge to The History of Sexuality) attempted to take up the problem of the subject again beyond that anonymity so as to finally elaborate the concept of subjectivation. Hence, our thesis inquires how the later Foucault continued to re-examine the subject in three anonymous domains – knowledge, power and ethics –, in order to extract from Foucault's works what one can finally call the philosophy of the subjectivation. Thus this philosophy consists of three elements: the logic of the subjectivation, the politics of the subjectivation and the ethics of the subjectivation. Since most existing studies are related to the later element, our thesis is primarily devoted to the former two. The first half of the thesis addresses the logic of the subjectivation to reveal our existence in the system of knowledge, and the second half deals with the politics of the subjectivation to reveal our existence in that of power. Theses researches can no longer be accomplished by traditional thoughts (realism of scientific objectivity, phenomenology of transcendental subjectivity, epistemology of ideal forms, hermeneutics of fundamental meaning, etc.), which are never foreign to the philosophy of the subject, but only by Foucault's thought itself, which is well destined to the philosophy of the subjectivation. Thus, our thesis reads Foucault's thought by this same thought itself in order to extract the philosophy of the subjectivation from there. However, ultimately, it not only explores the concept of subjectivation, but also paradoxically sheds light on what one can call the "counter-subjectivation". ; Cette thèse cherche à mettre en lumière la philosophie de la subjectivation chez Michel ...

The aim of this thesis is to examine the underlying forms of collective action and beingwith imposed by the hegemony of crowdsourcing. The concept of crowdsourcing refers to the appropriation of collaborative mechanisms of Web 2.0 by industries that are originally outside it's influence: fashion design, conception ofdurable goods, automotive engineering, social challenges, etc. While most studies addressing this phenomenon draw their conceptual framework from the domain of political economy, this thesis will on the contrary endeavour to study the particularities of the organizational and interactional regimes specific to crowdsourcing platforms. It is thus the processes of individual and collective subjectivation that are given form by these platforms that arouse interest for such research.This study is articulated around five distinct lines of research. The first line is economic; the goal is to situate the present dominance of crowdsourcing apparatuses in close relation to the long term dynamic of capital. The second line is organizational; it aims to examine the inclination of such platforms to condition the felicity of collective action by the fluidity, the multiplicity and the heterogeneity of the contributions they coordinate. The third line is technical; it seeks to analyse the processes that enables coordination under the condition of fluidity, multiplicity and heterogeneity that are allotted to these platforms. The fourth line is interactional, it analyses the assemblages of enunciation that are articulated by these technical and impersonal processes of absencecoordination. The fifth and final line is existential, it will examine the individual and collective (de)subjectivation processes to which these assemblages expose their users.Each of these research lines is developed on a serial ethnographic analysis of various platforms - namely Yelp, TripAdvisor, OpenIDEO, Local Motors and Quirky - in order to break down the specificities of each of these platforms into the repetition of organizational, ...

The aim of this thesis is to examine the underlying forms of collective action and beingwith imposed by the hegemony of crowdsourcing. The concept of crowdsourcing refers to the appropriation of collaborative mechanisms of Web 2.0 by industries that are originally outside it's influence: fashion design, conception ofdurable goods, automotive engineering, social challenges, etc. While most studies addressing this phenomenon draw their conceptual framework from the domain of political economy, this thesis will on the contrary endeavour to study the particularities of the organizational and interactional regimes specific to crowdsourcing platforms. It is thus the processes of individual and collective subjectivation that are given form by these platforms that arouse interest for such research.This study is articulated around five distinct lines of research. The first line is economic; the goal is to situate the present dominance of crowdsourcing apparatuses in close relation to the long term dynamic of capital. The second line is organizational; it aims to examine the inclination of such platforms to condition the felicity of collective action by the fluidity, the multiplicity and the heterogeneity of the contributions they coordinate. The third line is technical; it seeks to analyse the processes that enables coordination under the condition of fluidity, multiplicity and heterogeneity that are allotted to these platforms. The fourth line is interactional, it analyses the assemblages of enunciation that are articulated by these technical and impersonal processes of absencecoordination. The fifth and final line is existential, it will examine the individual and collective (de)subjectivation processes to which these assemblages expose their users.Each of these research lines is developed on a serial ethnographic analysis of various platforms - namely Yelp, TripAdvisor, OpenIDEO, Local Motors and Quirky - in order to break down the specificities of each of these platforms into the repetition of organizational, ...

The aim of this thesis is to examine the underlying forms of collective action and beingwith imposed by the hegemony of crowdsourcing. The concept of crowdsourcing refers to the appropriation of collaborative mechanisms of Web 2.0 by industries that are originally outside it's influence: fashion design, conception ofdurable goods, automotive engineering, social challenges, etc. While most studies addressing this phenomenon draw their conceptual framework from the domain of political economy, this thesis will on the contrary endeavour to study the particularities of the organizational and interactional regimes specific to crowdsourcing platforms. It is thus the processes of individual and collective subjectivation that are given form by these platforms that arouse interest for such research.This study is articulated around five distinct lines of research. The first line is economic; the goal is to situate the present dominance of crowdsourcing apparatuses in close relation to the long term dynamic of capital. The second line is organizational; it aims to examine the inclination of such platforms to condition the felicity of collective action by the fluidity, the multiplicity and the heterogeneity of the contributions they coordinate. The third line is technical; it seeks to analyse the processes that enables coordination under the condition of fluidity, multiplicity and heterogeneity that are allotted to these platforms. The fourth line is interactional, it analyses the assemblages of enunciation that are articulated by these technical and impersonal processes of absencecoordination. The fifth and final line is existential, it will examine the individual and collective (de)subjectivation processes to which these assemblages expose their users.Each of these research lines is developed on a serial ethnographic analysis of various platforms - namely Yelp, TripAdvisor, OpenIDEO, Local Motors and Quirky - in order to break down the specificities of each of these platforms into the repetition of organizational, ...