Suchergebnisse

Cet article vise à reconstruire trois épisodes de l'histoire de Yavadvipa (émergence à Sumatra, conquête par Sri Vijaya, et renaissance à Java Central), dans lesquels le volcan Merapi joua un rôle, plus particulièrement au cours du troisième épisode durant lequel eut lieu un transfert des toponymes sumatranais Java ~ Jawa and Merapi en direction de Java et d'un volcan de cette île. Les témoignages de Kedukan Bukit, Kota Kapur, Canggal, Ligor (Chaiya, stèles A et B), les inscriptions cambodgiennes de Sdok Kak Thom, la Carita Parahiyangan sundanaise, les Annales vietnamiennes, et plusieurs sources chinoises ont été combinées afin de restituer le cadre historique dans lequel eurent lieu des relations entre les agriculteurs mégalithiques des plateaux, les marchands et hommes de mer ainsi que les centres urbains des basses terres et leurs souverains ; de sorte que des réponses possibles sont offertes à certaines questions embarrassantes des débuts de l'histoire indonésienne touchant au rôle de Sumatra, de Java et de la Péninsule, ainsi qu'au règne du roi Sanjaya, et à l'accession au pouvoir des Shailendras à Sri Vijaya.

Prehistoric Unity and Diversity of Java and Sumatra
The comparison of the archaeological records of Java and Sumatra allows to present a preliminary assessment defining future researches to be implemented in order to address major questions such as the origin of the " Austronesians". The geographical fates of both islands are different for modern humans and obviously played an important role, shared or separated, in the history and prehistory of Indonesia. From 20 000 to 5 000 BP, Java is marked by a technical heterogeneity in produced stone tools. In the meantime, Sumatra shows more homogenous technical choices, with a unifacial pebble shaping which still belongs to the Hoabinhian tradition. Recent palaeoanthropological data from Java indicate a large variability in funerary practices as well. Different types of burials, partial cremations and other mortuary practices are documented diachronically and synchronically. Consistent data related to funerary practices are still needed regarding Sumatra.

Lucas Partanda Koestoro
A statue of Ganesha, 76 cm high and in a relatively good condition, was found in April 2001 at 1,7 km from the West coast of the North Sumatra Province, in the district of Tapanuli Tengah. It is clearly related to the inscription of Lobu Tua (Barus, Xith c.) and the temple complex of Padang Lawas (Xlth-XIVth c).

Jean Rocher
In the ancient cemetery of Sabang (on the island of Weh in north Sumatra) is a
modest tombstone which constitutes the only French military « graveyard » in
Indonesia.
The author examines the strange history of this tomb. The story begins when the remains of two French soldiers are placed there. They were killed during the confrontation between the German cruiser Emden and the French anti- torpedo boat Mousquet (1914).
By considering the damage inflicted on this monument, one also can see the lively destiny of this little island positioned at the intersection of larger maritimes movements. However, a mystery enshrouds this tombstone. Will the reader be able to solve it ?

Résultats d'une étude visant à comprendre pourquoi les petits producteurs n'adoptent pas ou peu les techniques mises au point en plantations industrielles et préconisées dans le cadre du développement des plantations paysannes d'hévéas. Les enquêtes montrent que celles-ci présentent toutes les caractéristiques d'une forêt secondaire, les forêts à hévéas appartiennes aux systèmes agroforestiers complexes. Dans un premier temps, les paysans ont adopté et étendu la culture de l'hévéa sans frais addtionnels. Mais le rendement des arbres non sélectionnées en dehors de toute assistance financière et technique risque de se solder par des échecs couteux pour les paysans et de renforcer la différenciation sociale. D'autres part, le modèle technique diffusé par les projets, issu des plantations industrielles, transforme les agroforêts en plantations monospécifiques, à grands frais et au prix de la perte de la diversité botanique et économique de ce système

Hubert Forestier, I. R. D., Jakarta
Les éclats du passé préhistorique de Sumatra: une très longue histoire des techniques

Being a land bridge between mainland Southeast Asia and the Indonesian Archipelago, the island of Sumatra, by its geographical position, has played an important part in the human settlement of Indonesia. Since the ancient prehistory, Man has crossed the old sub-continent Sundaland and went inevitably through the Island of Sumatra before reaching Java. The first migrants, Homo erectus, the Hoabinhian foragers as well as the first farmers, all of them, from the ancient Palaeolithic until the Neolithic periods, have left behind them the splendid remains of their stone implements. We will discuss here the significance of these stone tools which are important landmarks in time and space, and which inform us about the prehistory and the ancient techniques of this still mostly unknown island. In the first place, this contribution reviews the history of discoveries in Sumatran prehistory from the beginning during the colonial period until the present. In the second place, we will present the new discoveries resulting from our recent fieldwork in order to try to give some new insights about the knowledge of the cultural sequences in the prehistory of this vast and forgotten island.