Suchergebnisse

The purpose of writing the article is presenting the results of the study of theoretical and methodological aspects of the development of the stages of strategy of sustainable development of an industrial enterprise and determining main directions of this development. The research was performed using the methods of synthesis and analysis, deduction and induction. The essence of the concept of strategy of sustainable development of an enterprise and its components was revealed. The strategy for sustainable development is proposed to be considered in two aspects: economic and social. It was established that an enterprise enters new levels of competitive management and the operational effect of synergy occurs. It was proven that the formation of development of an enterprise should be based on synergetic harmony with the terms and objectives of the enterprise as a whole and with each functional unit. Main stages of formation and implementation of the strategy of sustainable development of an industrial enterprise were characterized. The paper considered the specificity of defining strategic position, formulating an enterprise development strategy, identifying opportunities and peculiarities of application of an express test for the actual financial state, allowing detecting signs of imbalance at the enterprise without significant calculations for the diagnosis of the actual financial status. In order to ensure prompt and unbiased testing of the actual financial state, it is advisable to restore the practice of social certification in the industry. It was proven that an important aspect in the formation and implementation of balanced development strategy is the development of the concept of sustainable strategic management of industrial enterprises. The concept allows establishing methodological bases of management principles and methodological bases of management technologies and tools for individual companies. It was established that the strategy of sustainable development of industrial enterprises should be based on a long–term program of sustainable development, which is a strategic document that contains a number of steps, coordinated in space and time, to engage resources. It was proven that the implementation of a balanced strategy of development involves purposeful improvement of economic, organizational, technical, technological, production, market, social, administrative, environmental and other components of the system. Transformations that occur in the course of implementing the strategy under the influence of external factors acquire new quality, both economic efficiency and competitiveness of the enterprise in the market increase. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of the concept of strategic management of the balanced development of an industrial enterprise based on purposeful improvement of economic, organizational, technical, technological, production, market, social, administrative, environmental and other components of the system, which collectively provide a synergistic effect. The practical significance of the work is in the possibility to form and implement a strategy of sustainable development of an industrial enterprise as an efficient system of management, which will provide for a timely forecasting of purposeful and gradual improvement of economic, organizational, technical and technological, production, social, administrative, market, environmental and other components of this system, which will acquire new qualities during the process of implementation of the novelties.

With the accelerated globalization processes, the strength of connection between agricultural production and rural territories is growing; the ratio is changing in the structure of institutions of influence towards financial provision of balanced economic, social and environmental development of this complex systemic formation. Despite the growing interest in research papers to the issues of financing agriculture, an analysis of institutional foundations for the provision of financing the sustainable development, which take into account the multifaceted nature of institutional mechanisms of its implementation in the agricultural sector, is limited. The aim of present work is to substantiate theoretical-methodological and applied principles of institutional provision of financing the sustainable development of agrarian sector in Ukraine. We defined key approaches to the formation of institutional provision of financing the sustainable development of agrarian sector. We believe that the institutional provision of financing the sustainable development of agrarian sector is a set of socio-economic, organizational and legislative measures of state authorities and entities (collectively, public and private institutions) in the field of financial relations that form necessary legal, organizational and economic conditions for effective engagement, accumulation and application of financial resources in order to achieve a planned dynamic social-ecological-economic effect. The components of institutional provision of financing the sustainable development of agrarian sector are presented. We analyzed the status of agricultural sector in Ukraine over 2000-2013 and evaluated the tightness of relationship between the volumes of investments and the level of development of national economy (GDP) and agricultural sector (agriculture DP). It was revealed that the growth of investment in fixed capital by UAH 1 million contributed to the GDP growth of national economy in Ukraine by UAH 60.9 million. At the same time, an increase in investments in the main capital of agriculture by UAH 1 million predetermined the increase in the gross production of agriculture by UAH 7.9 million. The sources of financing agricultural sector that are closely related to the development of agricultural sector (correlation coefficient is equal to 0.94) include foreign direct investments, but they do not exert significant impact on the growth of gross agricultural product (growth by USD 1 million stimulated increase by UAH 0.14 million). In the agricultural sector, investment activities of both domestic and foreign investors remain secondary; the amount of invested resources does not meet required volumes. We proposed to create an innovative-oriented cluster of agricultural sector, to improve credit mechanism and the mechanism of state regulation in the context of sustainable development. The value of present research consists in determining the tightness of connection between the amounts of investment provision and the level of development of national economy (GDP) and agricultural sector (agriculture DP). Practical use of recommendations, proposed in present work, on updating the draft Concept of the "State program for sustainable rural development in Ukraine through 2025" will make it possible to optimize financial mechanism of state support for sustainable development of agrarian sector in Ukraine. A promising direction of research is the study and assessment of the possibility to apply foreign experience in the optimization of components of institutional provision for financing the sustainable development of agrarian sector in Ukraine.

Purpose: to formulate and justify the optimal system model for managing sustainable economic development of a hotel and restaurant business. Design/Method/Approach: A theoretical generalization, logical-critical and economic-mathematical analysis patterns of functioning of a business as an economic system, based on systemic, process and target methodological approaches. Findings: The regularities of the business operating as an economic system are investigated. The system, target and process approaches to managing a business entity by developing a methodology related to the target functions formation of the individual subsystems and processes that make up the business activity are studied to identify patterns of their interaction and achieve an integrated result with the greatest efficiency. A structural-logical model of the control system is formed under the influence of disturbing environmental factors based on the objective functions and established vectors of sustainable economic development of the hotel and restaurant business, taking into account monitoring of its performance. Practical implications: The research results allow formulating the target management system for the sustainable economic development of the hotel and restaurant businesses based on monitoring costs as elements of the resources consumed, and effectively get adapted to environmental changes through integration of engineering, technology, economics, planning and management methods. Originality/Value: There was proposed a method for the system formation for managing sustainable economic development of a hotel and restaurant business based on cost monitoring, which, unlike existing ones, based on a set of system, process and target approaches and enables by differentiation processes occurring within the business and establishing patterns of their functional links with indicators of resource costs, provide forecasting and planning of performance. Research limitations/Future research: These researches are the basis for the subsequent evaluation and prediction of the of the operation efficiency, optimize resource costs of production and commercial activities of business entities, to create a mechanism for sustainable development of businesses. Paper type: theoretical.

Purpose: To test the hypothesis of the relationship between the degree of business greening on the basis of a circular economy and indicators that determine the level of international tourism attractiveness of European countries in the context of sustainable tourism. Findings: The author puts forward a hypothesis about the existence of a stable relationship between the business greening degree, which based on the principles of a circular economy, and the level of tourist attractiveness of the country. Based on the analysis of the basic provisions of the circular economy concept and the principles of sustainable development, the author provides a theoretical substantiation of this relationship. The author testes the hypothesis by clustering European countries according to the Environmental Performance Index and, based on correlation analysis, determines a close relationship between economic and environmental indicators within each of the clusters. Calculations show that in some regions of Europe there is a positive impact of the spread of the circular economy on the intensification of migration flows to the country. Practical Implications: The results of the research can be used in the practice of international companies when justifying the feasibility of investments in circular projects and programs for the transition to environmental development of territories, as well as for public administration in the development of a positive tourist image of the country. Originality/Value: For the first time, the author proposes a methodological approach to assessing the tourist attractiveness of a country in the context of business greening based on a circular economy. Future Research: Image-making of territories based on a circular economy, systematization of world experience in tourist consumption greening, the formation of tourist clusters in countries with a high level of development of the circular economy. Paper type: Empirical

Purpose: To develop a model for the formation of economic behavior of households in the conditions of a balance of income and expenses, which allows for a qualitative assessment of the impact of innovation activities of a household on sustainable development processes. Findings: The article develops the concept of sustainable development and, on the basis of a model built in the space of states, for the first time proposes a construct, which is called the "active economic dipole". With its help, it is analytically proved that the innovative activity of households has a positive effect on both their sustainable development and the sustainable development of the economic system as a whole. Practical Implications: The proposed approach can be used for a qualitative assessment of the effectiveness of the activities of economic entities in a balanced circulation of resources in the context of sustainable development. Originality / Value: The author's model for assessing the innovation activity of households is original. The model has no analogs in the scientific literature of the studied subject area. Research Limitations / Future Research: The study proposes a generalized model without a complete description of the dimensions of its components and the procedure for determining the input parameters. This description and its application define potential directions for further research. Paper Type: Theoretical.

The article discusses the factors and features of the development strategy of foreign trade activities of Ukrainian enterprises. The main components of the mechanism of foreign trade development strategy of Ukrainian firms, its problems and prospects for improving the light of foreign experience. A scheme for the development strategy of foreign economic activity of the enterprise, which includes goals, motives and results

For realization of integration to the EU, the growth of innovation activity is an important key to economic development of the country. However, the absence of efficient incentives for innovation and state support of high-technology companies indicates that the appropriate conditions and the environment for innovative entrepreneurship in Ukraine were not created. The aim of the research is to highlight unsolved problems of innovative development, to identify the factors that slow down the activation of innovation activity of industrial enterprises, in particular in the field of machine-building, and to form the ways to overcome them. To achieve the goal, we applied general scientific and comparative analytical methods. It was found that financing innovation programs requires significant funds. Unfortunately, the government allocates only 1-2% of the total required funds, and as the consequence of it, the main source of financing of innovation activity is still the enterprises' own money, the share of which in 2013 increased significantly and amounted to 72.9% of the total amount of expenditures. We found that the stimulation of innovative development would promote the adoption of positive experience from the industrially developed countries. It was stressed that among the key instruments for the promotion of applied scientific research and designs related to the implementation of advanced technology in the developed countries, a leading place is occupied by the availability of preferential taxation. By the research into theoretical positions and conducted statistical analysis of innovation activity of enterprises, we identified conditions required for the implementation of innovative products at the industrial enterprises of Ukraine: enhancing the participation of national and regional bodies in the coordination and control of the work of industrial enterprises with the increase in the volume of financing for innovation programs; increase of the share of new kinds of machines, equipment, devices in the implementation of innovative products by industrial enterprises; activation of the introduction of new forms of marketing strategy relative to the entering external markets with their own kinds of innovative products. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is based on the proposal for a new approach of using available resources of activation of innovation activity of industrial enterprises, in particular DP "VO" Pivdenny Machine-Building Plant named after O.M. Makarov; on improvement in current legislation by taking into account positive foreign experience of tax stimulation of innovation activity. In the further studies of the problems of innovation development of industrial enterprises of Ukraine, the development of measures will be considered to improve control at the state and regional level to overcome the obstacles to intensify innovation activity.

The article examines the theoretical and legal, legislative and other approaches to understanding the essence and content of the principle of formation of ecological culture in environmental law and legislation of Ukraine. At present, the principle of formation of ecological culture is only partially reflected in the norms of the Constitution of Ukraine and current legislation, in particular the Law of Ukraine "On Environmental Protection". The implementation of this principle in legislative, practical and law enforcement activities will help increase the level of environmental and legal awareness and culture, ecologization of national law and legislation. The level of ecological and ecological-legal culture in society determines the effectiveness of operation of ecological management and control system, the guarantee of the ecological safety of economic and other activities, the achievement of ecological law and order, the restoration of ecological balance, the development of science and ecological knowledge. The strengthening of the principle of ecological culture formation will be promoted by performance of the strategic tasks put in provisions of sources of the state ecological policy, primarily, the Basic principles (strategy) of the state ecological policy for the period till 2030. Proposals have been made to improve the current legislation in order to take into account the principle of forming an environmental culture, guaranteeing the sustainable development of our country from the standpoint of current challenges and processes of globalization. The opinion on the expediency of constitutional contemplation of the principle of formation of ecological culture as a basis for building a democratic, social, legal and ecological state had been expressed. This principle is offered to supplement the main sources of natural resources, environmental law and environmental safety law. The introduction of the principle of formation of ecological culture in the national legislation should assume a nature of a systemic character, which will help to provide the coherence of environmental law and other branches in the regulation of environmental relations. This will increase the level of ecological and legal culture of society and citizens and strengthen the course of our state towards international and European integration. Keywords: ecological culture, ecological-legal culture, ecological law, ecological legislation, environment, principles of ecological law, principles of law, state ecological policy

Under modern conditions of business operations, an analysis of environment of an enterprise is getting more and more important. This is an initial phase in the formation of strategy of the enterprise, since it provides for the appropriate basis to define the mission and goals of its functioning. Existing methods of analysis, however, are more focused on the factors in macro environment; as for the microenvironment, it is examined comprehensively, not accentuating its exceptional role in the process of management decision-making. This predetermines the need to develop methodologies and approaches to diagnosing the environment of business, their approbation under conditions of a particular enterprise. The aim of present work is to develop, based on the methods of SWOT and PEST analysis, a new technique, which will make it possible to assess the impact of factors in microenvironment on the results of current and future activities of an enterprise in the pharmacy industry. We developed a new technique for CLCP-analysis, by using which one it is possible to assess the impact of factors in microenvironment on the results of current and future activity of an enterprise. To conduct a new analysis, four groups of factors in microenvironment were isolated, which in case of their change are capable of affecting the activity of an enterprise. These are factors of influence from consumers, legislation, competitors and providers. An algorithm for conducting the CLCP-analysis is proposed, which includes five stages: identification of factors that may affect activity of the company; analysis of significance and a degree of influence of each factor; assessment of probability in the changes of factors; evaluation of real significance of the factor; compiling a consolidated table of CLCP-analysis. We devised a tabular form for the representation of information related to CLCP-analysis. This technique was verified under conditions of an establishment in the pharmacy industry. We found factors that may affect the company the most in the event of changes – this is the occurrence of new consumer requirements to the product range, increased state taxes, the use of new technologies in service sector by competitors and failure to supply the goods on time by suppliers. A ranking of these factors was conducted based on the method of expert estimations. We proposed actions for the enterprise to minimize threats and utilize possibilities that may occur due to changes in microenvironment. In contrast to others, method proposed by Authors will make it possible to assess in full and comprehensively the factors in microenvironment and refine the processes that take place in it. It might be used for business diagnosis when developing competitive strategy of the enterprise. Important scientific tasks of both theoretical and applied nature in future implementation of the given methodology is the cost assessment of influence of each factor in the microenvironment of a pharmaceutical company, development of mechanisms to minimize the risks associated with changes in microenvironment, analysis of interrelation between the micro- and micro-environment. Their fulfillment will contribute to the development of strategic management and implementation of its approaches in the practice of enterprises in the pharmaceutical industry.

According to the Land Code of Ukraine, the land is the main national wealth, which is under special protection of the State. As a result of the land reforms in Ukraine, the private ownership of land is renewed, restrictions on granting the land plots to citizens are removed, but the rational highly-efficient land use and agriculture growth in the trajectory of sustainable development is not provided. One should also point to the lack of a comprehensive approach to determine the place of the land reform in the system of transformation of the national economy. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the principles of the land reform and determine its dialectic link to other reforms of the national economy. To achieve this goal we applied system approach, general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis. The information basis of the research is the legal regulating data of Ukraine and the reporting data of the State Service of Ukraine for Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre. The main scientific result of the paper is substantiation of principles of land reform and determining of its dialectic link to other reforms of the national economy, namely, decentralization of management of the national economy; environmental reform, reform of agriculture and forestry. The following principles and guidelines must underlie the land reform in accordance with a system approach: inventory and delimitation of agricultural lands, conducting their financial evaluation and regular re-evaluation, creation of a civilized land market and the right of rental of land plots for agricultural purposes on a competitive basis, stimulation of medium-term and long-term lease relations, decentralization and eco-friendliness of land relations, etc. The scientific novelty of the work is defining the principles of land reform in Ukraine, which includes identification of its dialectic unity with other reforms in the national economy. Practical significance of the results of this work consists in identifying specific measures for reforming land relations with regard to causal relationships of economic reforms in Ukraine. The prospect of further research on the topic of the work is the development of proposals to improve the taxation of land.

Health care is one of the most important spheres of activities of the state and society. The functioning and development of health care require proper legal support that is possible if there are enough qualified lawyers equipped with profound knowledge and skills in the health law area. The paper discusses the concept of health law that is new for the Ukrainian legal science as well as its integral components – medical law, public health law, and pharmaceutical law. The experience of teaching courses pertaining to the realm of health law at the Taras Schevtchenko National University of Kyiv that is the leader of Ukrainian higher education, particularly the legal one, is examined. It is the law faculty (currently – the Institute of Law) of the said University whereat the innovative discipline "Legal regulation of public health" ("Public Health Law") started to be taught for the first time in Ukraine. In 2019, the LLM specialization (the elective block of courses) "Health Law" that was unique for Ukraine, was introduced. The article mentions the key goals at the attainment of which the courses studied within the framework of the "Health Law" LLM program (totally ISSN 1728-2195 ЮРИДИЧНІ НАУКИ. 3(118)/2021 ~ 21 ~ 12 disciplines), are targeted. It analyzes the list and content of the courses belonging to the said LLM specialization that can be conditionally divided into three blocks: the key disciplines covering the "components" of health law; the disciplines ensuring understanding of the peculiarities of activities in the sphere of health care and the legal tools used for the governance in health care and management of healthcare institutions; and the courses directed at covering the topical issues of law and ethics in health care and at acquiring practical skills of protection of rights of healthcare actors. The paper points out that while teaching courses falling within the "Health Law" LLM specialization, major stress was made on getting students acquainted with the realities of practice. It pays attention to the use of modern methods and approaches to teaching as well as education technologies that allowed ensuring high efficiency of education, particularly under the conditions of lockdown caused by the spread of coronavirus disease COVID-19. The article also outlines major components of the education and scientific activity carried out at the Taras Shevtchenko National University of Kyiv, including that of the Education and Research Center for Medical Law of the Institute of Law. The conclusion is made that а scientific school of health law has been established at the Taras Shevtchenko National University of Kyiv. Keywords: health law, medical law, pharmaceutical law, health care, public health, public health law, LLM specialization, education, science.

The article is aimed at researching the concept of decent work as a strategic direction of the labour legislation development in XXI century. De- cent work is considered as the basis for sustainable development, overcoming poverty and income inequality. The author analyses the stages of formation and development of the concept of decent work in the International Labour Organization (ILO) activity. It also determines the content of the basic dimensions of decent work for ILO standards. There are such elements of the concept of decent work as the fundamental principles and rights at work, the promotion of productive employment, social protection, social dialogue. The need for defining qualitative and quantitative indica- tors to measure progress towards decent work in each country is emphasized.

The need for decent work is especially relevant in the modern period, due to the deepening of the human-oriented approach to regulating rela- tions in the field of work. The broader content of the substance of social protection has been identified in comparison with national doctrine, includ- ing measures for social security and protection of workers, as well as working conditions. It is emphasized that nowadays the decent work is the safe work. It is concluded that social dialogue is the key to achieving the goals of decent work, balancing the interests of the state, employees and employers in the field of work.

The article summarises scientific approaches to determining the content and objectives of decent work nowadays. The purpose of the concept of decent work is defined as ensuring productive employment, decent working conditions, and opportunities for professional and personal devel- opment of employees on the basis of equality, fairness and security. It is emphasised that the complexity of the concept of decent work, the realiza- tion of this concept will affect not only labour relations, but also at the standard of living of employees and society as a whole. The implementation of international standards for the decent working conditions, decent wages, ensuring equal rights and opportunities allows improving the well- being of employees, their economic status, and also affects the level of the country's economic development.

The problems and prospects of a new international order formation in terms of the transformation of the international system are viewed. It is proved that sustainable development of the contemporary international system depends on the consolidation of the international community and the constructive cooperation between the international relations participants. Thus it is necessary to begin the process of developing a new model of a world governing that would take into consideration the conditions of the global world of the XXI century. The necessity of comprehensive study of the components of the global crisis of world governance and search for mechanisms to overcome it by consolidating participants of the international system are proved. A complex crisis in various fields and at various levels, from local to global proves incapacity, due to lack of appropriate mechanisms, of the international community to overcome the global system crisis that includes world governing crisis. Thus, the current crisis on the global level always calls for search the means and factors that would provide stabilization of the social, economic and political relations, consolidation of social powers and all members of the international system. The current global system crisis is not accidental one and it is a natural phenomenon associated with long-term trends of world political and economic development. Thus the present global system crisis has its own peculiarities and distinctive features associated with the processes of globalization, regional political and economic integration, global migration and more. Crisis development was accelerated because of the collapse of the bipolar international system and intensification of globalization. Obviously, handling crisis development is possible to be achieved, provided the acquisition of the new international system a balance that would correspond properly to the character of global transformations. From this perspective, changes in social development have made the problem of international political consolidation a highly topical one as it is aimed at sustainable development of mankind.

In the article are represented results of empirical research of anxiety features and life goals of personality in professional development crisis. Our sample included 80 persons in the age 17-35 years. It was divided on two groups: first group consisted of 34 people, students of 1-3 courses, the second group consisted of 46 people that were changing their profession and are actually practicing new trade. We used anxiety test of Spilberger-Hanin to explore level of individual and situational anxiety. In addition, we used "Life goals of personality" method that was developed by laboratory of social psychology ISPP NASU led by T. M. Tytarenko. With the help of this method, we explored characteristics of life goals of our sample. It was found that there is a significant difference by Rs criterion on the level p ≤ 0,05 between two groups on a scale "Operational characteristics of life goals". Among working people prevail doubts that they can cope with difficulties, thoughts that success is just an accident, orientation on "need", but not "want". In students group we can see lack of stability and flexibility in solving life tasks. There is straight correlation between motivational directions level and individual anxiety level on the group of working people (p < 0,01). It means growing of inside tension in the presence of motivational directions number increasing. We can assume that motivational direction is some sort of coping-strategy that is using by anxious individuals to put their lives in order. In that way they try to create "image of desired life", that combines expectations, demands and intentions, determining choice of life-realization strategy. In both groups was identified inverse correlation between attitude to the future and individual anxiety (P < 0,01). Operational characteristics of life goals inversely proportional to anxiety level in both groups. That means, that recognition of self-meaning in life-realization, orientation on own plans and needs and ability to take responsibility are low anxiety level related factors. This results gives us an opportunity to say that higher identity, own life goals realization, sense of resilience, life integrity, using of flexibility and activity strategies helps to cope with anxiety during professional crisis.

Under conditions of global intellectualization of technology, information–communication and transport infrastructures are closely connected to the utilization of intellectual and creative capabilities of human resources. It is an appropriate and relevant question to address the optimization in regulating the international movement of human resources and to define economic instruments to stimulate the development of intellectual resource of Ukraine. The goal of present work is a theoretical substantiation of recommendations concerning the regulation of international movement of human resources in Ukraine and economic instruments for the development of intellectual resource of the state under conditions of global intellectualization. In the research, we applied general scientific and special research methods: induction, deduction, method of imaginary experiment and substantiation, theoretical generalization. A conclusion was drawn on that the strategic direction of economic policy in the development of intellectual resource in Ukraine should be a state-led regulation of international movement of human resources in all their forms, namely, migration, tourism, transit-professional relocations and virtual international movement. Development of intellectual resources of Ukraine depends on economic instruments, among which we consider it appropriate to highlight: state monitoring over the processes in international movement, intellectual property protection, motivation of development of domestic human resources, the intensification of international cooperation, promotion of intellectual immigration and re-emigration. The scientific novelty of present research is the substantiation of recommendations related to the regulation of international movement of human resources and the determination of basic tools for development of intellectual resource in Ukraine. A practical value of the research consists in the fact that the results obtained might be used by state bodies to improve effectiveness of the legal base and protection of intellectual resources of Ukraine at the national and local levels. In future, further research can be directed towards the conceptualization of state economic policy in the regulation of international movement of human resources of Ukraine; to study experience of the world leading countries on retaining intellectual resource.