The eco-friendliness achieved several spaces in society, also reaching the government as a response to the pressures exerted by international organizations, but also by society itself, demanding compliance with the legislation, seeking to develop better environmental quality and promote the municipalities reactions that seek answers to these requirements because for decades that environmental responsibility was focused only on federal and state government levels. However, in 1997, the National Environmental Council (CONAMA), by Resolution No. 237/1997, establishing the evaluation of local environmental impacts of projects for competence of municipalities, which must coordinate actions, developing environmental education for understanding and community respect for the environment, implementing regulations to control environmental deterioration, enabling a reduction of degraded areas, thus taking the mission to stimulate local sustainable development with social equity, economic development and environmental protection.
Education for safety is an exceptionally topical issue in the modern world. It is an indispensable tool for achieving the goals of sustainable development. Who, when and where to educate; what tools to use; and according to what idea – these are essential questions related to raising human awareness. The aim of the article is to analyze and assess the awareness of society in terms of knowledge and skills in the field of safe behavior and attitude, the perception of safety in the context of sustainable development. The results of the research presented in the articleclearly indicate a high level of public involvement in acquiring knowledge and skills on safe behaviours and attitudes. The conclusions obtained allow to develop a strategy that will permit to develop an education system for safety (that will consider formal and informal education) as well as self-education. These conclusions constitute the basis for building cooperation between central government and local government units, educational units, and non-governmental organisations.
Networks of nongovernmental organizations dedicated to socio-environmental issues have emerged in recent decades. The involvement of these networks in the international sphere has enabled new approaches to international cooperation. This article introduces the concept of international cooperation and the Global Alliance for Recycling and Sustainable Development (GARSD), a socio-environmental network created by a coalition of NGOs dedicated to promoting recycling of municipal solid waste. This article is the result of a doctoral study conducted using documentary analysis, participant observation and other qualitative data collection methods. The study conclusively finds that it is neessary to analyze the work of these non-state actors within the context of international cooperation between nation states and the possibility of (re)creating political-territorial arrangements, such as networks comprising a variety of actors especially geared towards socio-environmental issues. ; Durante as últimas décadas, surgiram redes de organizações não governamentais que se dedicam aos temas socioambientais. O envolvimento dessas redes com a esfera internacional ocasiona novas abordagens para a cooperação internacional. Apresentar o conceito de cooperação internacional e a rede socioambiental Global Alliance for Recycling and Sustainable Development - GARSD é o objetivo deste artigo. A GARSD, é resultado da coalização de organizações não governamentais dedicadas à promoção da reciclagem de resíduos sólidos urbanos. O artigo é o resultado de pesquisa realizada em processo de doutoramento, que utilizou por procedimentos metodológicos a análise documental, pesquisa participante e a coleta de dados de abordagem qualitativa. Conclusivamente, torna-se inerente analisar as atuações destes atores não estatais diante das relações de cooperação internacional estabelecidas entre Estados Nacionais na possibilidade para a (re)criação de arranjos político-territoriais como a construção de redes entre os diversos atores, especialmente, nos temas socioambientais.
Institutions are playing an increasingly important role in creating sustainable development policies, both at the macro and micro level. They shape the rules related to the functioning of enterprises, social development and environmental protection. The aim of this article is to analyze the relationship between selected institutional conditions of company operations and the ability of companies to adapt/co-create the requirements of sustainable development and create their business strategies based on the discussed concept. On the basis of the considerations carried out, it should be stated that the process of adapting business to the Agenda 2030 and the set objectives of sustainable development is largely adaptive in nature, adopting the imposed institutional order: international and national. This process is stretched in time and is characterized by different dynamics, depending on the degree of development of socio-economic systems in individual countries and regions and standardization of international standards. ; Instytucje odgrywają coraz większe znaczenie w tworzeniu polityki zrównoważonego rozwoju, zarówno na szczeblu makro- i mikroekonomicznym. Kształtują zasady związane z funkcjonowaniem przedsiębiorstw, rozwojem społecznym oraz ochroną środowiska. Celem artykułu jest analiza związków pomiędzy wybranymi instytucjonalnymi uwarunkowaniami funkcjonowania firm, a zdolnością przedsiębiorstw do adaptacji/współtworzenia wymogów zrównoważonego rozwoju oraz kreowania swoich strategii biznesowych w oparciu o omawianą koncepcję. Na podstawie prowadzonych rozważań należy stwierdzić, iż proces dostosowywania się biznesu do Agendy 2030 i wyznaczonych celów zrównoważonego rozwoju, ma charakter w zdecydowanej większości adaptacyjnego przyjmowania narzuconego ładu instytucjonalnego: międzynarodowego i krajowego. Proces ten jest rozciągnięty w czasie i charakteryzuje się różną dynamiką, w zależności od stopnia rozwoju systemów społeczno-gospodarczych w poszczególnych krajach i regionach oraz standaryzacji norm międzynarodowych.
Objective: This article analyzes the Cleantechs of the solar energy segment as a sustainable source of clean energy generation, which has grown in Brazil, albeit in an incipient way. The search for alternatives in the generation of electric energy has been the main reason why these startups have been sought, allied to the good climatic conditions found in the country during most of the year.Methodology: It uses the deductive method, through bibliographic research and scientific articles on the theme, as well as national legislation.Results: It is concluded that there will only be a sustainable consumption of clean energy when there is the possibility that more people will have access to this technology. For the time being, the compensation amounts will depend on the rates practiced by the concessionaires, which take into account a number of factors, including geographic position. The likelihood that there will be a cost reduction in the installation is still a distant project, but not impossible.Contributions: The research is relevant since there is a promising market in the field of clean energy generation and in terms of the forms and values of compensation for the energy returned in the network on solar panels. The use of this technology is within the perspective of the energy transition towards sustainable development.Keywords: Cleantechs; Solar energy; Electricity compensation system; Clean technologies; Sustainable development. RESUMOObjetivo: O presente artigo analisa as cleantechs do segmento de energia solar como fonte sustentável de geração de energia limpa, que tem crescido no Brasil, ainda que de forma incipiente. A busca por alternativas na geração de energia elétrica tem sido o principal motivo pelo qual essas startups vêm sendo procuradas, aliadas às boas condições climáticas encontradas no país na maior parte do ano.Metodologia: utiliza-se do método dedutivo, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e artigos científicos acerca do tema, assim como legislação nacional.Resultados: Conclui-se que só se terá um consumo sustentável de energia limpa quando houver a possibilidade de que mais pessoas tenham acesso a essa tecnologia. Por enquanto, os valores de compensação dependerão das alíquotas praticadas pelas concessionárias, que levam em consideração uma série de fatores, inclusive de posição geográfica. A probabilidade de que haja redução de custos na instalação ainda é um projeto distante, mas não impossível.Contribuições: a pesquisa se mostra relevante vez que há um mercado promissor no ramo de geração de energia limpa e no tocante às formas e valores de compensação pela energia retornada na rede sobre painéis solares. A utilização dessa tecnologia situa-se dentro da perspectiva da transição energética rumo ao desenvolvimento sustentável.Palavras-chave: Cleantechs; Energia Solar; Sistema de compensação de energia elétrica; Tecnologias limpas; Desenvolvimento sustentável. ; Objective: This article analyzes the Cleantechs of the solar energy segment as a sustainable source of clean energy generation, which has grown in Brazil, albeit in an incipient way. The search for alternatives in the generation of electric energy has been the main reason why these startups have been sought, allied to the good climatic conditions found in the country during most of the year.Methodology: It uses the deductive method, through bibliographic research and scientific articles on the theme, as well as national legislation.Results: It is concluded that there will only be a sustainable consumption of clean energy when there is the possibility that more people will have access to this technology. For the time being, the compensation amounts will depend on the rates practiced by the concessionaires, which take into account a number of factors, including geographic position. The likelihood that there will be a cost reduction in the installation is still a distant project, but not impossible.Contributions: The research is relevant since there is a promising market in the field of clean energy generation and in terms of the forms and values of compensation for the energy returned in the network on solar panels. The use of this technology is within the perspective of the energy transition towards sustainable development.Keywords: Cleantechs; Solar energy; Electricity compensation system; Clean technologies; Sustainable development. RESUMOObjetivo: O presente artigo analisa as cleantechs do segmento de energia solar como fonte sustentável de geração de energia limpa, que tem crescido no Brasil, ainda que de forma incipiente. A busca por alternativas na geração de energia elétrica tem sido o principal motivo pelo qual essas startups vêm sendo procuradas, aliadas às boas condições climáticas encontradas no país na maior parte do ano.Metodologia: utiliza-se do método dedutivo, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e artigos científicos acerca do tema, assim como legislação nacional.Resultados: Conclui-se que só se terá um consumo sustentável de energia limpa quando houver a possibilidade de que mais pessoas tenham acesso a essa tecnologia. Por enquanto, os valores de compensação dependerão das alíquotas praticadas pelas concessionárias, que levam em consideração uma série de fatores, inclusive de posição geográfica. A probabilidade de que haja redução de custos na instalação ainda é um projeto distante, mas não impossível.Contribuições: a pesquisa se mostra relevante vez que há um mercado promissor no ramo de geração de energia limpa e no tocante às formas e valores de compensação pela energia retornada na rede sobre painéis solares. A utilização dessa tecnologia situa-se dentro da perspectiva da transição energética rumo ao desenvolvimento sustentável.Palavras-chave: Cleantechs; Energia Solar; Sistema de compensação de energia elétrica; Tecnologias limpas; Desenvolvimento sustentável.
In Brazil, the process of localizing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) using public databases as a reference face technical, institutional and political challenges. There are practically no comprehensive and up-to-date studies on the downscaling of the SDG indicators at the smallest territorial scales, such as the municipal one. In a context of unprecedented health emergency, such as COVID-19 pandemic, this paper discusses the capacity of the Brazilian public information system to support SDG 3's (good health and well-being) indicators localizing at the municipal scale. The study evaluated the proposed indicators for SDG 3, as well as the databases that underpin these indicators. The results and discussion point out the main data and process deficiencies in, as well as potentials and robustness of the public health information systems at state and municipal scales in the effort of localizing the SDG 3. ; In Brazil, the process of localizing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) using public databases faces technical, institutional and political challenges. There are essentially no comprehensive current studies regarding the downscaling of the SDG indicators at the smallest territorial levels (e.g., the municipal level). In the context of unprecedented health emergencies, such as the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, this paper discusses the capacity of the Brazilian public information system to support the localization of SDG 3 (good health and well-being) indicators at the municipal level. This study evaluates the proposed indicators for SDG 3 and databases that underpin these indicators. The results and discussion cover central data and process deficiencies in the public health information systems that hinder SDG 3 localization efforts, the 2030 Agenda and its goal of universality.
A partir da década de 70 do século XX o capital adentra numa crise estrutural, causando com isso, efeitos danosos a vida humana de maneira continuada e rastejante. Devido aos danos econômicos, políticos e ecológicos de um modo de produção destrutivo de nossa época, o capital tenta dar resposta a sua crise estrutural. Tem-se em vários setores da sociedade e mais precisamente na educação, o surgimento do discurso da sustentabilidade como possibilidade na resolução dos conflitos de nossa época. Proporemos-nos analisar o discurso sobre a educação para o desenvolvimento sustentável contidos nos projetos do Banco Mundial e da ONU a partir da década de 90 do século XX. Procuraremos demonstrar as permanências e rupturas desse dizer, as possibilidades e limites desse novo projeto desenvolvimentista na reprodução da sociabilidade capitalista. Acreditamos que ao explicitarmos a voz ideológica do capital a sua crise, demonstrando o seu funcionamento, sua operacionalidade e limites, estaremos também, contribuindo para ecoar o que se quer silenciar, ou seja, a insustentabilidade de um sistema que refrea o livre desenvolvimento dos indivíduos. Com isso, a sustentabilidade da humanidade terá como possibilidade efetiva apenas quando o controle social da produção, da circulação e do consumo estiverem sob o controle consciente dos trabalhadores associados, ou seja, numa sociedade para além da escravidão assalariada do capital, numa sociabilidade comunista.
The goal of the study is to analyze the non‑Western interpretations of sustainable development concept and the role of international organizations and international public goods in their potential realization. Numerous political and economic contradictions generated by the experiences of colonization and decolonization of the region make Western and regional understanding of the concept substantially different. While from the global perspective it is perceived as an imperative, locally it may be interpreted as a veiled form of neocolonialism. The differences result in wide range of problems, from minor misunderstandings to open resentment. The goal of the article is to prove that regional international organizations and international public goods have the potential to become a key to develop mutually acceptable form of sustainable development concept and practice.
The present research aimed to identify in the sustainability alternatives to the development of urban mobility in Recife's Metropolitan Region, suggesting the completion of Recife's urban mobility plan. It is a revision essay of the literature for the present of impasses and the observation of the meaning given to the term for different authors and social actors. It is possible to note in the theorical basis an approach that seeks to encourage a conscious use of the soil, organizing the public's passenger transportation, contributing to reduce traffic and, this way, improving people's quality of life, troughout the backing of the Local Sustainable Development together with plan to the mobility turned into the infrastructure's movement, mostly in the configuration of corridors and/or exclusive tracks in the of fluity more accessible circulation. It is understand that in order to reach the desired sustainable urban mobility for Recife's Metropolitan Region (RMR) it is necessary to plan strategies, procedures or analysis instruments, in witch exists the evaluation of impacts and possible implication in the search of the effectuation to restrain car movement in certain city areas, especially in the expanded center.
Social, political and economic relationships in the Amazon are mediated by nature and government policies, programs, and regulations, including environmental education policies, which have disseminated the concept of sustainable development in over recent years. Based on these elements, this study explores the social representations that give meaning to the concept of sustainable development among elementary teachers in the Amazon region. Adopting an ethnographic approach and drawing on the theory of social representations, we conducted a qualitative descriptive study with 121 teachers with a degree in pedagogy using questionnaires, group discussions and participant observation. The findings show that nature, environmental problems and Amazon culture exert a strong influence on representations of the concept of sustainable development. ; En la Amazonía, las relaciones sociales, políticas y económicas están mediadas por la naturaleza y por los programas, acciones y regulaciones implementadas por el Estado en la realidad cotidiana. Entre estas regulaciones se encuentran las políticas públicas educativas en Educación Ambiental, las cuales, en los últimos años, ha difundido el concepto de desarrollo sostenible. Con estos elementos, esta investigación tiene como objetivo principal: conocer las representaciones sociales que, elaboradas por docentes en el contexto de la Amazonía brasileña, dan significados al concepto de desarrollo sostenible. Metodológicamente, la investigación fue construida en base a la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, enfoque etnográfico, a partir de la colaboración de 121 docentes con formación en Pedagogía. Para recopilar la información adoptamos cuestionarios, dos grupos de discusión y observación participante. La investigación indica que la naturaleza, los problemas ambientales y la cultura amazónica ejercen una fuerte influencia en la representación del concepto de desarrollo sostenible. ; Na Amazônia, as relações sociais, políticas e econômicas são mediadas pela natureza e pelos programas, ações e regulamentações implementadas pelo Estado na realidade cotidiana. Entre estas regulamentações estão presentes as políticas públicas educativas de Educação Ambiental, as quais, nos últimos anos, tem difundido o conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável. Com esses elementos, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo principal: conhecer as representações sociais que, elaboradas por docentes no contexto da Amazônia, dão significados ao conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa foi construída com base na Teoria das Representações Sociais, abordagem etnográfica, a partir da colaboração de 121 docentes com formação em Pedagogia. Para coletar as informações adotamos questionários, dois grupos de discussão e a observação participante. A pesquisa indica que a natureza, os problemas ambientais e a cultura amazônica exercem uma forte influência na representação do conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável.
A critical body of literature has emerged focusing on the spectrum of resistance against impositions engendered by the modus operandum of western capitalism, including the nuances of the productive patterns considering the environment as a device attached to the triple bottom line of the traditional view of sustainable development. Regarding the theory, solidarity economy (economic pillar), social movements (social pillar), political ecology (environmental pillar), and cultural roots (cultural pillar) are important apparatus that cannot be left behind if an alternative concept of sustainable development is to be structured. This article considers such apparatus as having elements of resistance, since they have different characteristics when compared to the standard features of the pillars that form the base of the criticized conception of sustainable development. Therefore, the main goal of this article is to conceive alternative elements to the standard concept of sustainable development, considering aspects of the grassroots approach. This study is relevant as it offers alternative and complementary elements in order to provide an understanding of the updated conjectures. The prospects of grassroots development, involving less developed communities worldwide, are being used as practical guidelines in local development actions. They have rarely been conjectured as conceptual elements to offer a new format for the conception of sustainable development. This article concludes that the traditional version of sustainable development can be upgraded with the alternative elements emerging from the grassroots approach. ; En contrapartida a las especificidades impositivas del modelo de producción capitalista, incluyendo en dicho modelo los meandros de los arreglos productivos que encuadran al medioambiente como alineado con la versión triple de la concepción tradicional de desarrollo sostenible, ha surgido una masa crítica de literatura que enfoca la resistencia en relación con el modo de funcionamiento del capitalismo occidental. Con relación a la teoría, economía solidaria (pilar económico), movimientos sociales (pilar social), ecología política (pilar ambiental) y raíces culturales (pilar cultural) son instrumentos importantes que no deben dejarse al margen en la estructuración de una concepción alternativa de desarrollo sostenible. Tales instrumentos son considerados elementos de resistencia, por tener características diferenciadas al compararlos con las características tradicionales de los pilares de la criticada concepción de desarrollo sostenible. Así, el objetivo del presente ensayo teórico es concebir alternativas a la concepción estándar de desarrollo sostenible, considerando aspectos del enfoque grassroots significativos para este propósito. La contribución es relevante teniendo en cuenta la consideración de aspectos alternativos y complementarios involucrados en la lectura de la actualización conjeturada. Los prospectos del desarrollo grassroots se usaron como guía práctica en acciones de desarrollo local que involucraron comunidades menos desarrolladas en varias partes del mundo, sin la conjetura que apunta hacia elementos conceptuales que pueden ofrecer una conformación alternativa a la concepción de desarrollo sostenible. Se concluye que la versión tradicional de desarrollo sostenible puede actualizarse con elementos alternativos derivados del enfoque grassroots. ; Em contrapartida às especificidades impositivas do modelo de produção capitalista – incluindo-se nesse modelo os meandros de arranjos produtivos que inserem o meio ambiente enquanto alinhado à versão tríplice da concepção tradicional de desenvolvimento sustentável –, tem surgido uma massa crítica de literatura focada na resistência ao modo de funcionamento do capitalismo ocidental. Em relação à teoria, economia solidária (pilar econômico), movimentos sociais (pilar social), ecologia política (pilar ambiental) e raízes culturais (pilar cultural) são aparatos importantes que não devem ficar à margem na estruturação de uma concepção alternativa do desenvolvimento sustentável. Tais aparatos são considerados elementos de resistência, visto terem fatores diferenciados quando comparados com as características tradicionais dos pilares da criticada concepção de desenvolvimento sustentável. Assim, o objetivo do presente ensaio teórico é conceber alternativas à concepção padrão do desenvolvimento sustentável, considerando aspectos da abordagem grassroots importantes para esse propósito. A contribuição é relevante tendo em vista a consideração de aspectos alternativos e complementares envolvidos na leitura da atualização conjecturada. Os prospectos do desenvolvimento grassroots têm sido usados como guia prático em ações de desenvolvimento local envolvendo comunidades menos desenvolvidas em várias partes do mundo, sem a conjectura que sinaliza para elementos conceituais que podem oferecer uma conformação alternativa à concepção do desenvolvimento sustentável. Conclui-se que a versão tradicional do desenvolvimento sustentável pode ser atualizada com elementos alternativos advindos da abordagem grassroots.
The sustainable development issue since 60s of XX century is present on the international debate. One of the areas discussed in the sustainable development context is the climate change and energy and this in different ways for example taking energy from renewable energy sources, primary energy consumption or greenhouse gas emission. It goes probably from the connection between the energy sector and interference into the natural environment, the exploitation the natural sources and its high emission, what has a special meaning nowadays. that is why European Union starts to thing about special meaning of this issue, can we find this in its strategy documents. The main aim of this work is the attempt assessment the level of realization the sustainable development in climate change and energy area in Poland and comparing that to the other European countries. The sustainable development in the climate change and energy has been shown in Polish and European countries strategy. The comparative analysis Poland to the other EU countries has been done. The state documents and study literature have been used in this article. The comparative analysis were based on data form Eurostat. ; Współcześnie problematyka związana ze zmianami klimatycznymi i pozyskiwaniem, wykorzystaniem energii jest szeroko dyskutowana tak na arenie międzynarodowej, jak i krajowej. Wyrazem obecności tej tematyki w dyskursie publicznym jest ujmowanie jej w wielu dokumentach międzynarodowych, krajowych (także tych o charakterze strategicznym). Stanowi ona także jeden z obszarów omawianych w kontekście zrównoważonego rozwoju poprzez zwrócenie uwagi m. in. na pozyskiwanie energii ze źródeł odnawianych, zużycie energii pierwotnej, czy też wielkość emisji gazów cieplarnianych. Także Unia Europejska w ramach dążenia do zrównoważonego rozwoju zaczęła przypisywać szczególne znaczenie wspomnianej problematyce. Wobec powyższego za cel artykułu przyjęto próbę oceny poziomu realizacji koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju w obszarze dotyczącym zmian klimatycznych i energii w Polsce na tle krajów unijnych. Celowi pracy podporządkowano jej poszczególne części, w których przybliżono zrównoważony rozwój w zakresie zmian klimatycznych i energii w unijnych dokumentach strategicznych, oraz przeprowadzono analizę porównawczą Polski na tle krajów Unii Europejskiej w zakresie zmian klimatycznych i energii. W artykule wykorzystano literaturę przedmiotu, dokumenty rządowe, zaś przeprowadzone analizy oparto o dane wtórne pochodzące z Eurostatu.
