Suchergebnisse

The new paradigm of sustainable development (SD) is examined, focusing on its consequence for European cities & the prospects for knowledge-based development. It is argued that the old model of industrial growth gave undue emphasis to science & technology, & that the paradigm of SD offers a policy framework for democratizing & humanizing science. It is further contended that the potential of the SD model will not be realized unless cities reassert their role as civilizing forces, which can be best accomplished by integrating local & global knowledge at the city & regional level. A model of knowledge-based development is presented & applied to the city of Delft, Netherlands. It is concluded that cities must become more responsible for locally-based knowledge, whether organizational or institutional, & that cities need to establish a knowledge infrastructure roundtable to identify & formulate strategies for strengthening their knowledge cultures. 2 Tables, 11 References. W. Howard

AbstractIrrigation is a small but important part of UK agriculture, accounting for about 150 000 ha of land and 160 000 Ml of water in a 'dry'year. By the year 2021, the irrigated area is predicted to increase by 14% and the volume applied by 50%. Irrigation is of significant economic importance to (a) farmers, (b) growers, (c) the food industry – improving crop yields, quality, consistency and reliability.The environmental impacts of irrigation on river flows and wetland biodiversity are now receiving more attention. Irrigators are given advice on environmental impacts, voluntary agreements are secured between groups of irrigators and the Environment Agency, and on‐farm reservoirs are constructed to reduce summer abstraction and provide more secure and flexible supplies. Better long‐term planning and short‐term management are essential.

Discusses various views of sustainable development, including those of Herman Daly and Steven Hackett, overpopulation, family planning, market failure, and economics and ethics.

Discusses background to and prospects for the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD), to be held in Johannesburg, South Africa, Aug.-Sept. 2002; 7 articles. Contents: We will have to do better, by Duncan Brack; Strange new alliances, by Fanny Calder; Poverty is all, by Alex Kirby; Tools for growth, by Bob Scholes; Thirsty world, by David Knighton; Double challenge, by John V. Mitchell; Gene wars go south, by Robert Falkner.

Introduces articles that examine the concept of sustainable mobility & its impact in changing the traditional transportation planning approach to policy making. Sustainable mobility considers issues of environmental protection & participatory democracy. However, the sustainable mobility policy agenda is stymied because the dominant transport modes, road & air, contribute most to environmental pollution. Governments lack the budgets to support new & costly environmental friendly transport. The open call for articles on sustainable mobility received a minority of responses from social scientists, & this emphasizes its interdisciplinary nature. However, more social scientists should be involved in policy analysis & applied policy-relevant research. Topics not covered by the contributors point toward the weak links of the sustainable mobility discourse to social psychology, technological development, & assessment. The majority of contributions come from Europe, but the issues should be of interest to a wider readership. L. A. Hoffman

This book tackles two issues: sustainable environmental development and urban development. It brings together the insights of environmental science, the social science and management.