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By 2003. as military planners had become worried that the country's long-range conventional weapons, such as cruise missiles, might be too slow to reach hypothetical distant targets that needed to be struck urgently. So the Pentagon launched the Prompt Global Strike initiative to develop conventional weapons that could reach targets anywhere in the world within minutes or hours. The US has since tested such weapons, but it hasn't actually purchased them. Unfortunately, China and Russia view Washington's interest in the weapons as a done deal. Consequently, both countries have begun their own research and development efforts, potentially sparking a risky new arms race. And in the meantime, American research and development efforts have prompted Russia and China to pursue similar weapons of their own that could be deployed in as little as a decade, starting an arms race that could place the continental US at risk. Adapted from the source document.

The Small Arms Survey 2012 seeks to increase our scrutiny of what is changing, and not changing, in relation to armed violence and small arms proliferation. Chapters on firearm homicide in Latin America and the Caribbean, drug violence in selected Latin American countries and non-lethal violence worldwide illustrate that security is a moving target; armed violence, both lethal and non-lethal, continues to undermine the security and wellbeing of people and societies around the world. The goal of curbing small arms proliferation, embodied in the UN Programme of Action, appears similarly elusive. Chapters on illicit small arms in war zones, trade transparency, Somali piracy and the 2011 UN Meeting of Governmental Experts highlight some of the successes, but also the continuing challenges, in this area. -- Publisher description

We analyze a dynamic model of quantity competition, where firms continuously adjust their quantity targets, but incur convex adjustment costs when they do so. Quantity targets serve as a partial commitment device and, in equilibrium, follow a hump‐shaped pattern. The final equilibrium is more competitive than in the static analog. We then use data on monthly production targets of the Big Three U.S. auto manufacturers and show a similar empirical hump‐shaped dynamic pattern. Taken together, this suggests that strategic considerations may play a role in setting auto production schedules, and that static models may misestimate the industry's competitiveness.

Focusses on the use of target costing for new product development.
This approach concentrates on determining costs for a product during the
planning and design stage. Also describes the use of cross‐functional
teams made up of industrial marketers, cost accountants and others
critical to the design and manufacturing decisions required for
determining the price and features with which a product is most likely
to appeal to potential buyers. After deducting the desired profit margin
from the projected selling price, planners develop estimates of each
product element that make up a product′s costs for design,
manufacturing, sales and marketing. Further analysis is carried out to
identify and estimate the cost of each component that makes up the
finished product. Stresses the critical role that management accountants
and other members of an organization can play in the design and
manufacture of a new product at a specified price.