Suchergebnisse

This study aims to analyze the daily trips of doctors and friars by former northern Goiás, between 1883-1912. At that moment religious and medical institutions sent their most renowned representatives to the interior of Brazil, the narratives of Arthur Neiva and Penna Belisario (doctors / scientists of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation) and the Dominican friars reveal the diversity that makes the Brazilians and the difficulties faced by travelers in the ways of Goiás based on the authors use of the history and sociology discussed initially, the "paths" of the research, ie, how to transform the remains of past documents and analyze them properly. We conclude that the gaze of the narrator is marked by its time and its "place of speech", more precisely, by the institutions that helped organize the trips and legitimized their publications.

A exemplo das relações econômicas internacionais, a saúde segue o ritmo da mundialização. Fala-se, ao mesmo tempo, de uma economia da saúde globalizada e da internacionalização dos riscos sanitários. No entanto, os países desenvolvidos e aqueles em desenvolvimento não estão no mesmo nível em relação ao combate às doenças. Observa-se uma "fratura sanitária" simbolizada, por anos a fio, pela epidemia da AIDS nos países pobres. Enquanto o progresso científico oferece respostas a numerosas doenças, a maioria dos habitantes dos países do "Sul" não tem acesso regular a medicamentos. No centro das políticas de saúde pública, o medicamento vem se tornando mercadoria, em uma economia mundial focada na exploração do conhecimento, no caso a inovação farmacêutica. A falta de acesso a tratamentos pode ser analisada como resultado da exclusão dos países em desenvolvimento frente ao mercado de produtos farmacêuticos, causada tanto pela situação socioeconômica, quanto pela estrutura do mercado e pelas regras da OMC relativas à propriedade intelectual. ; As international economic relations, health field follows the steps of the globalization. People talks, at the same time, about a global health economy and the internationalization of health risks. However, the developed countries and those who are in development are not in the same level to fight against diseases. There is a "health break" for many years symbolized by AIDS epidemic in poor countries. While scientific progress provides answers to several diseases, most of the inhabitants of the "South " has no regular access to medicines. At the heart of public health policies, the drug is becoming a commodity in a global economy focused on the exploration of knowledge, particularly the pharmaceutical innovation. The lack of access to treatment can be analyzed as a result of the exclusion of developing countries facing the pharmaceutical market, caused by socioeconomic status, by the structure of the market and by WTO's intellectual property rules. ; À l'instar des relations économiques internationales, la santé vit au rythme de la mondialisation. Aussi parle-t-on d'une économie de la santé globalisée comme d'une internationalisation des risques sanitaires. Pourtant les pays développés et les pays en développement ne sont pas sur un pied d'égalité face au poids de la maladie. Le constat est celui d'une "fracture sanitaire", symbolisée depuis plusieurs décennies par le fléau du sida au sein des pays à faible revenu. Alors que les progrès scientifiques permettent de répondre à de nombreuses maladies, la majorité des habitants des pays du "Sud" n'a pas accès régulièrement aux médicaments. Au cœur des politiques de santé publique, le médicament est parallèlement devenu un objet de marché dans une économie mondiale centrée sur l'exploitation commerciale du savoir, en l'occurrence l'innovation pharmaceutique. Le manque d'accès aux traitements peut alors s'analyser comme le résultat d'une exclusion des pays en développement vis-à-vis du marché des produits pharmaceutiques, causée tant par leur situation socio-économique que par la structure du marché et les règles de l'OMC relatives à la propriété intellectuelle.