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The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States brought the issue of terrorism to the forefront of American attention and controversy. To determine how to prevent further destruction, it is necessary to understand the shadowy phenomenon that causes it. Who are the terrorists? What are their motives? What are the roots of this form of violence, and will it come to an end? What exactly is terrorism?

When originally published in 1984, this book was the first detailed study of terrorism in Ireland. It assesses the situation in Ireland after a decade or more of violence in the North and tests some of the assumptions about the nature of terrorism and discusses the problem in a geo-political context. The authors reflect a variety of disciplines and political outlooks and no single line of argument is offered. They examine how the issue of terrorism has been dealt with by various governments, the church, the media and individuals. The book reveals the complexity of the terrorist problem and dis.

Intends to explore methods to involve the community in the fight against terrorism in an effort to enhance its protection from terrorist attacks and to establish a network between the participants for future collaborations. This guide can help policy makers gain an understanding of how counter terrorism requires community support and involvement

Cover Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Foreword -- Introduction: The New U.S. Enemy -- Chapter One: Defining Terrorism -- Chapter Two: The Current Threat: Islamic Terrorism -- Chapter Three: Motivations, Tactics, and Targets -- Chapter Four: Terrorism's High Costs -- Chapter Five: The Future of Terrorism -- Notes -- Discussion Questions -- Glossary -- Organizations to Contact -- For More Information -- Index -- Picture Credits -- About the Author -- Back Cover

Terrorism is surrounded by myths. One of the most enduring of these myths and half-truths is that terrorism never works. In the end, the state will prevail and the terrorists will either be dead or imprisoned or otherwise forced to end their campaign of violence. It is true that most terrorist groups are beaten. Within twelve months of their first attack most terrorist groups have been crushed. Within ten years half of the rest have been beaten. However, a small proportion - roughly one group in twenty - endures and incredibly goes on to win the conflict and beat the governments opposing them

This study places terrorist acts in Europe in their historical perspective by examining terrorist and anarchist movements in late nineteenth century Europe. The political and legal aspects of modern terrorism are discussed in detail and the themes and variation in political terrorism are examined fully. In addition, selected case studies of contemporary terrorist movements are considered in the context of the political tradition of the particular country. A comprehensive picture of European terrorism, in its historical and more contemporary ideological and political aspects emerges from this w.

Cover -- Half-Title -- Series -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- The Argument in Brief -- Plan of the Book -- 1. Owning Violence: A History of the Modern Nation State -- A Brief History of the Nation State -- The Feudal State -- The Polity of Estates -- From the Absolutist State to the Modern State -- Conclusion -- 2. The Modern State -- Violence and the Modern State -- Liberalism and the Neutral State -- Elite Theory -- Marxist Views of the State -- A Realist Institutional Theory of the State -- Conclusion -- 3. Political Dissent -- Situating Contemporary Protest -- A Brief History of Civil Disobedience -- A Theory of Civil Disobedience -- Legal Protest -- Revolutionary Protest -- Conclusion -- 4. Political Violence: Situating Terrorism -- Forms of Political Violence -- Terrorism Involves the Deliberate Targeting of Non-state Actors and Institutions by Non-state Actors -- Terrorism is a Form of Violent (or Threatened) Political Communication -- The Victims Are Not the Intended Recipients of the Political Message -- Terrorism Is Always Illegitimate Violence -- Conclusion -- 5. State Terrorism -- 6. Terrorism -- Justifications and Explanations -- Justifications for Terrorism: Putting the Definitionto Work -- Explaining Terrorism -- Conclusion -- 7. Terrorism: Types, Effects and Organization -- Types of Terrorism -- The Political and Social Effects of Terrorism -- The Structure and Organization of Groups that Use Terrorism -- Conclusion -- 8. Contemporary Terrorism and the War on Terror -- Contemporary Terrorism -- The War on Terror -- Conclusion -- Conclusion: Rethinking Terrorism -- The Islamic State -- The Killing of Fusilier Lee Rigby -- The Sydney Hostage Siege, December 2014 -- 9/11 -- Bibliography -- Index.

Committing acts of violence against others for political purposes can be traced throughout history. With the growth of the mass media in the 20th century, however, the impact of violent terrorist acts can be spread around the globe instantaneously. No longer does a bombing or killing affect a single city or country. Moreover, the devastating terrorist attacks that occurred in the United States on September 11, 2001, suggest that the West has entered a new stage in history. Terrorism discusses the first violent, political attacks in U.S. history and tracks the evolution of terrorism from the ea

The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States brought the issue of terrorism to the forefront of American attention and controversy. To determine how to prevent further destruction, it is necessary to understand the shadowy phenomenon that causes it. Who are the terrorists? What are their motives? What are the roots of this form of violence, and will it come to an end? What exactly is terrorism?

'Conceptualising Terrorism' argues that, while there have always been good reasons for striving for a universally agreed definition of terrorism, there are further reasons for doing so in the post-9/11 environment, notwithstanding the formidable challenges that confront such an endeavour.