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This paper points out that the General Agreement on Tariffs & Trade (GATT)/World Trade Organization (WTO) trade liberalization possesses very special characteristics. I argue that these characteristics are responses to a set of problems inherent to contemporary trade liberalization. This is not a matter of mere historical interest. These problems remain very much with us, & recognition of this fact should influence our approach to future trade negotiations. 30 References. Adapted from the source document.

It is with some diffidence that I submit the following notes which I have not been able to work up into a fully developed argument. The inartistic use of numerals has been resorted to in order to mark off clearly the various problems touched upon.

An overview of epochs and directions is not the history of literature, because history cannot be reduced to summary representations of periods and directions. The greatest writers, the creators of history, are above and beyond the directions and schools. Directions and schools appear and disappear legally, so they are imposed as a subject of literary-historical and theoretical study. The periodization system establishes a certain scientific orientation in a multitude of literary facts, past and present. The paper highlights the theoretical problem of periodization of literature, as a central problem of theoretical examinations of literary phenomena.

L'ouvrage de Porter, The Vertical Mosaic, est ré‐étudié et on y trouve des problèmes conceptuels et théoriques reliés aux notions de ≪ classe ≫ et ≪ pouvoir ≫. L'auteur prétend que l'importante distinction de Porter entre ≪ la vraie classe moyenne ≫ et ≪ la majorité moyenne ≫ viole ses positions théoriques originales sur la notion de classe et est de peu d'utilité pour les fins poursuivies. De plus il n'explique pas les fondements théoriques du concept de classe sociale. En ne distinguant pas pouvoir et autorité il soulève des problèmes logiques et utilitaires. Par voie de conséquence les fondements théoriques de la structure de pouvoir sont inadéquats. En apportant des solutions à ces problèmes l'auteur aurait pu élargir l'univers de ses résultats. The Vertical Mosaic is re‐examined, and conceptual and theoretical problems are found to surround "class" and "power." It is argued that Porter's important distinction between "real middle class" and "middle majority" violates his original position on class, and is inadequate for his stated purpose. Furthermore, the theoretical foundations underlying the structure of class are unexplicated. His failure to distinguish between power and authority raises logical and practical problems. Thus, the theoretical foundations underlying the structure of power are inadequate. The resolution of these problems could have led to further findings.