Suchergebnisse

The results of previour research Wahyu (2001-2009), found the reinforce and complement the theory of Cognitive Development (Scheme) student (Extended Level Triad++) in the learning of mathematics. The purposes of the study are: 1) to generate a new theory about the Extended Level Triad++ ie levels of development schemes student to Graph Theory finer (from five levels to seven levels); 2) to determine the characteristics of the new levels of the triad (the Triad Level Extended++). In the qualitative research, data were collected from a task-based interview, then performed the data reduction, and presentation of data, as well as the next steps as set out in the flowchart prosesur collection and analysis of data, the data analysis will apply genetic decomposition analysis. Then to get a characterization of each level of the development carried out by the method-comparison analysis-fixed, by applying the theory of Glaser & Strauss, a theorizing process through four stages. The results of this study obtained in the form of advanced theory Extended Level Triad++. The theory is then summarized in a network schema development consisting of seven levels, ie the level of pre-intra, intra, semi-inter-level, international level, the level of semi-trans, trans level, and the level of extended- trans. Keywords: Extended Trans, Development Scheme, Triad Level

This paper is a revised version and an expanded version of the paper entitled 'Shares Divestment Scheme in Indonesian Mining Law'. Several cases of ICSID are cases of shares divestment, one of them is the Freeport case that offers divestment by giving the assumption of investment if the Government extends the Freeport Operational License until 2041. It violates determination of divestment share price as the value should be based on fair market price without calculating the amount of minerals. Shares divestment execution is often hampered by the determination of divestment shares' price. The purpose of the divestment arrangement was not achieved because of the price fixing issue which causes divestment failure or causes divestment delay, and the shares that were previously for the government eventually fell on private shareholders which might be owned by foreign parties. This paper is a legal research. It is intended to formulate a shares divestment scheme in the mining sector in Indonesia based on rational choice theory and public choice theory, which is expected to give a valuable contribution to the Government of the Republic of Indonesia as well as stakeholders and can be the ontological basis for laws and policies related to the investment and mining laws in Indonesia. The approaches which are used are the conceptual, statute, case and comparative approach. The primary legal materials that are used are legislation, international conventions and court decisions, while the secondary legal materials are in the form of literature and related materials.Key words: Investment law, mining law, national interest, rational choice theory, shares divestment.

This paper looks at how Indonesia contributes to the creation of a relatively peaceful and stable Southeast Asian region after the Cold War. It examines Jakarta's diplomacy in the South China Sea, and explains its implications for the making of the regional order. The argument is that Indonesia's impact on regional security has been apparent in its attention to the improvement of rule-based interaction among states in the region. However, recent developments have demonstrated that Indonesia's initiatives, formulated in the Indo-Pacific Cooperation Concept, are unsuccessful due to the lack of support from other ASEAN states. This paper shows that great powers politics in the troubled waters has hindered the advancement of Indonesian's orderdriven policy.

This article examines the history of the arrival of Islam into Indonesia. This research is library research using documentation method. The results of this study are: First, no one knows for sure when Islam began to appear in Indonesia. Several theorists and historians have different opinions and analyzes. However, there are at least four major theories regarding the entry of Islam into Indonesia, namely: Arabic theory, Gujarat theory (India), Bengali theory (Fatimi), and Persian theory. Second, the spread and process of Islamization in Indonesia itself was carried out peacefully. Indonesian people can accept the existence of Islam well. There are six channels of Islamization in Indonesia, namely: trade, marriage, Sufism, education, arts and culture, and politics. Third, the existence of Islamic kingdoms also had a big role in the spread and development of Islam in Indonesia. These Islamic kingdoms stretched from Sumatra to the Moluccas. Some of them are the Perlak Sultanate, Samudera Pasai Sultanate, Malacca Sultanate, Aceh Sultanate, Demak Sultanate, Pajang Sultanate, Mataram Sultanate, Cirebon Sultanate, Banten Sultanate, Sultanate of Ternate, Sultanate of Tidore, Sultanate of Gowa, Sultanate of Tallo, Sultanate of Pasir, Sultanate of Banjar, Kotawaringin Sultanate, Pagatan Sultanate, Sambas Sultanate, Kutai Kertanegara Sultanate, Berau Sultanate, Sambaliung Sultanate, Gunung Tabur Sultanate, Pontianak Sultanate, Tidung Sultanate, and Bulungan Sultanate. ; Artikel ini mengkaji tentang sejarah masuknya Islam ke Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan menggunakan metode dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: Pertama, tidak ada yang tahu pasti kapan Islam mulai muncul di Indonesia. Beberapa ahli teori dan sejarawan memiliki pendapat dan analisis yang berbeda. Namun, setidaknya ada empat teori besar mengenai masuknya Islam ke Indonesia, yaitu: teori Arab, teori Gujarat (India), teori Bengali (Fatimi), dan teori Persia. Kedua, penyebaran dan proses Islamisasi di Indonesia sendiri ...

The purpose of the research is to understand why Ludruk as a traditional cultural art is not in demand by young, millennial generations. And further can give suggestions how to make Ludruk become world show icon in Surabaya. The qualitative approach was conducted in this research. The results of the study was the inability of managers and artists to produce and features ludruk products art that meet consumers expectation caused by reluctance of ludruk artists itself to develop and improve existing art products. Paradoxes of creativity identified in this research. Showing that even Ludruk is part of creative industry and need higher improvisation, but the senior player feel reluctant to innovate the show.It need support of government and CSR from private company to helps them.

This article aims to test competing explanations about the US foreign aid policy, namely interest-driven theory, humanitarian theory, and domestic political theory. Using longitudinal data on the amount of Official Development Assistance provided by the US to 155 recipient countries from 1960 to 2008, analyzed using random coefficient models, the research found that humanitarian and domestic political theories can account for the US foreign aid policy to the recipient countries for almost five decades better than the interest-driven theory. Generally, the US were more likely to send aid to poorer countries and/or countries where the US-based NGOs were actively involved. The econometric models also show that there are some cross-sectional and temporal variations in the aid. On average, countries receiving high amount of aid in the 1960s tend to have lower annual growth rate in the money they received from the US.

This study aims to explain the political party authority in withdrawing support for the regional head candidate in elections, as well as providing an understanding of sanctions that targeted political parties who withdrawn or revoked their political stance by applicable regulations. This study using a legal perspective on the authority of political parties in withdrawing support and Authority Theory, Democracy Theory, Rule of Law Theory, Decision Making Theory, and Sanction Theory as supported theories. The formulation of all arguments, facts, and theoretical frameworks in this study uses empirical normative legal research methods. Data obtained and collected through books, journals, theses, and recent dissertations, interviews, and articles related to the problem. The research method in this study combines elements of normative and empirical law and data. This research is qualitative research used in library observation. This research concludes that the authority of political parties regarding the withdrawal of support for a prospective regional head candidate pair explained in three stages or processes, including the first stage is before registering candidates to the KPU, the second stage is the stage after registering with KPU, and last is the stage after the determination of a prospective pair of candidates by the KPU. Among the existing stages, there is a full space for political parties to participate and room for the KPU to organize regional head elections. So concerning the withdrawal of support, political parties are not allowed arbitrarily to withdraw or vice versa regarding their support for prospective pairs of candidates. Referring to the applicable regulations, the forms of sanctions that can be given to political parties that withdraw or revoke a candidate pair are criminal sanctions and administrative sanctions. Where administrative sanctions are considered to be less firm against political parties, in contrast to criminal sanctions (ultimum remedium) or as a last resort that is much firmer but ...

This study was conducted to examine the effect of unemployment rate, labor force, investment, inflation rate, and government expenditure on economic growth in Indonesia in the long term and short term for the period 1986-2015. This research uses cointegration and Error Correction Model (ECM) method. The results of ECM treatment with EViews 8 indicate that the unemployment rate and capital have significant positive effects, labor force and inflation rate have significant negative effects, and government expenditure has an insignificant effect on economic growth in Indonesia within the study period.

In the middle of district head's euphoria to float and move forward province of Bangka Belitung's island by brought in the palm oil investors conduce the new conflict of society, i.e agrarian conflicts. The presence of palm oil investors in the middle that in the beginning has been designed to give a profit for society, especially the societies around the oil palm plantation, but precisely harm the soci- ety a lot. For local society, indigenous forest is symbol of nature conservation and the place of animal Seizure and claims over land often happens between the palm oil investors with local society. One of them is the conflict between Air Abik society with PT. Gunung Pelawan Lestari. The main factor of this conflict is there a logging, indigenous forest clearance, destruction of 11 ancestral graves belong to society conducted by PT. Gunung Pelawan Lestari in their efforts to oil palm expansions. This thing then triggered public protest action. survival. Whereas, ancestral grave is symbol of local wisdom and cultural heritage that must be preserved and maintained. Besides, if we see the conflict between both sides, it can be analyzed with contentious politics theory. The use of contentious politics theory because this conflict involves the collective interaction between the claimant, i.e PT. Gunung Pelawan Lestari and claim object, i.e customary land and the land where the 11 ancestral graves stand. In contentious politics theory, there is also depletion of resources. This depletion of resources in the end will influencing people to get involved in the political tensions, like the high level of public complaints, legacy of previous protest, political opportunity structure, and the mechanism relation to help society resistance. ; In the middle of district head's euphoria to float and move forward province of Bangka Belitung's island by brought in the palm oil investors conduce the new conflict of society, i.e agrarian conflicts. The presence of palm oil investors in the middle that in the beginning has been designed to give a profit for society, especially the societies around the oil palm plantation, but precisely harm the soci- ety a lot. For local society, indigenous forest is symbol of nature conservation and the place of animal Seizure and claims over land often happens between the palm oil investors with local society. One of them is the conflict between Air Abik society with PT. Gunung Pelawan Lestari. The main factor of this conflict is there a logging, indigenous forest clearance, destruction of 11 ancestral graves belong to society conducted by PT. Gunung Pelawan Lestari in their efforts to oil palm expansions. This thing then triggered public protest action. survival. Whereas, ancestral grave is symbol of local wisdom and cultural heritage that must be preserved and maintained. Besides, if we see the conflict between both sides, it can be analyzed with contentious politics theory. The use of contentious politics theory because this conflict involves the collective interaction between the claimant, i.e PT. Gunung Pelawan Lestari and claim object, i.e customary land and the land where the 11 ancestral graves stand. In contentious politics theory, there is also depletion of resources. This depletion of resources in the end will influencing people to get involved in the political tensions, like the high level of public complaints, legacy of previous protest, political opportunity structure, and the mechanism relation to help society resistance.

All provinces and districts / cities, just do Update device organizations of their respective regions. Hopes, this new organization into an effective and efficient organization. The regional organization built on five basic elements: 1) the strategic apex, 2) middle line, 3) operating core, 4) technostructure, and 5) supporting staff. Does the establishment of regional organizations gives hope to the improvement of coordination of the local government?If traced from theory, the five basic elements of the theory of Mintzberg berumber. According to Henry Mintzberg, attributes the organization building, consisting of: first, parts and people in the organization, secondly, the coordination mechanism, the third, the design parameters, and fourth, various environmental factors that influence the selection of the design parameters. In this first attribute Mintzberg says there are six elements. Elements 1st - 5th has been adopted by the PP. No. 18 / 2016 as described above. The sixth element is ideology. These six elements are not found in the PP. No. 18 / 2016. The fourth attribute Mintzberg's theory was also adopted. It is seen from the common variable calculation and technical variables as a basis for mapping the intensity of government affairs and the determination of the regional workload and determine tipeloginya classified as A, B, or C.The second and third attributes are not visible in the PP setting. No. 18 / 2016. As a result in the formation of regional organizations as well be invisible. The second and third attribute is actually provide a good framework for the establishment of the Agency which serves as technostrukture. Institutions that have an important role coordinating the programs of the Department so that organizational goals can be achieved. Thus, the improvement of coordination within local government is still difficult to expect.

The resources of Customary Forest play an important role for Talang Mamak Indigenous People to survive. The exploitation of the forest by private company and investor has caused a violent conflict. The situation of the indigenous people becomes worsen since local government does not fully protect their rights on the forest. Even, Local government tends to defend private company and investor in addressing the conflict. Customary forest of Talang Mamak indigenous people is in the oligarchs grip and conflict of interest with their elder. The Indigenous people are in crossroad, to preserve or to release their heritage and right. This study aims to determine the efforts of Talang Mamak Indigenous People to maintain their existence in the customary forest resources battle with private company and investor. This study used qualitative descriptive method. The data collection were documentation analysis and other relevant literature. This study used Theory of Oligarchy (Winters 2011) as grounded theory. The result found that the efforts of the indigenous people to fight for their rights getting weak. Some of them begin to accept compensation from the company and investor, in other word, some of them are willing to release their heritage and right on the forest. ; The resources of Customary Forest play an important role for Talang Mamak Indigenous People to survive. The exploitation of the forest by private company and investor has caused a violent conflict. The situation of the indigenous people becomes worsen since local government does not fully protect their rights on the forest. Even, Local government tends to defend private company and investor in addressing the conflict. Customary forest of Talang Mamak indigenous people is in the oligarchs grip and conflict of interest with their elder. The Indigenous people are in crossroad, to preserve or to release their heritage and right. This study aims to determine the efforts of Talang Mamak Indigenous People to maintain their existence in the customary forest resources battle with private company and investor. This study used qualitative descriptive method. The data collection were documentation analysis and other relevant literature. This study used Theory of Oligarchy (Winters 2011) as grounded theory. The result found that the efforts of the indigenous people to fight for their rights getting weak. Some of them begin to accept compensation from the company and investor, in other word, some of them are willing to release their heritage and right on the forest.

DPR-RI oversight in TNI (military) Business have very important role in forming of professional and reliable TNI, despitefully DPR-RI oversight also useful to link citizen priority and views in rule of policy and law in defence area. The purpose of this research is to analyze the oversight mechanism conducted by DPR-RI in the case of military business. Theory used by researcher in conducting this research is theory of parliamentary oversight, which is conducting through various mechanism which available in parliament, that is: passing debate mechanism; passing existence of commission; and through raised questions when in meeting. This research used qualitative method,and data research was obtained from primary and secondary data. Primary data was gained through observation and interview. Based on the research, the oversight mechanism have been run by first commission of DPR-RI was still weaken, on the other side the parliament (DPR) also lack in creating an effective oversight, where this matter because of some factors, such as: the lack of political willingness of parliamentary member, lack of positive supervision practices and the limited information had by DPR.

The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted all people in various walks of life and sectors of life, especially in the food and beverage service business industry such as at PT. Bisa Group Outlet Paradise Dynasty. So the main step from the government, especially in the city of Medan, is to issue Medan Mayor Regulation No. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method which was conducted by means of open and in-depth interviews. The theory used in this study is the theory of G. Shabbir Cheema and Dennis A. Rondinelli models to determine the success of the implementation of several variables used, namely: environmental conditions, resources, organizational relationships, and characteristics of the implementor. The results of this study based on the presentation and analysis of data by the author, it can be concluded that the implementation of the adaptation of new habits in the conditions of the covid-19 pandemic at the determining paradise dynasty outlet was successfully implemented based on indicators of environmental conditions, resources, organizational relations, and characteristics of the implementor. . However, from the successful implementation of the adaptation, the obstacle encountered was the lack of awareness of visitors to comply with health protocols

The aims of this study are to examine and analyze the effect of implementation of good governance, performance based budgeting, and quality of human resources to regional work unit's (SKPD) budget qualities. Goal setting theory and agency theory are used to explain the phenomenon of budget qualities. The population of the present study are SKPD's in Sumbawa Regency. The number of respondents in this study were 94 respondents that selected using purposive sampling method. Data was collected using the questionnaire technique. This research uses analytical techniques Partial Least Square (smartPLS) 3.0. The results of quantitative analysis in this study showed thatimplementation of good governance, performance based budgeting, and quality of human resources had influence on SKPD's budget qualities. This means better and ideal implementation of good governance, performance based budgeting, and quality of human resources owned by the SKPD, SKPD's budget will be more qualified.The implications of this study can be useful for SKPDs on local governments to implement the principles of good governance and performance-based budgeting in the budget process to be able to provide better services to the public Keywords: Budgeting, Budget Qualities, Good Governance, Performance Based Budgeting, Quality of Human Resources.

This research discusses how the empty box won in the 2018 Makassar Regional Head Election. This phenomenon became the elections' history where a single candidate failed to win the election. Ten political parties consisting of Functional Groups Party (Golkar), National Democratic Party (NasDem), Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P), United Development Party (PPP), Crescent Star Party (PBB), Great Indonesia Movement Party (Gerindra), Prosperous Justice Party (PKS), People's Conscience Party (Hanura), National Mandate Party (PAN), and Indonesian Justice and Unity Party (PKPI), promoted a single candidate pair. This study aims to describe how the movement of empty box volunteers in the Makassar Regional Head Election. This research uses a qualitative method. Selection of informants using a snowball sampling technique, and using social movement theory. There are three parts to this theory: 1) Complaint theory. Public disappointment over a candidate pair's disqualification and consider the election organizer unfair; 2) Mobilizing structures theory. Analyze the voluntary movement of empty boxes to gather mass support and sympathizers during the election; and 3) Framing theory. Analyze the use of issues and methods of spreading the issue. This research found that the empty box phenomenon in Makassar Regional Head Election, unlike in the elections in other areas where the single candidate did not have an opponent, in Makassar, one of the candidate pairs was disqualified due to violation. It made the community, supporters, and the success team feels disappointed with the General Elections Commission's decision. This disappointment also resulted in the emergence of the empty box volunteer movement. Movements of empty box volunteers to gather mass support and sympathizers through door-to-door socializing, leaflets, flyers, and banners call to action to win empty box and use social media and online media as campaign tools. ; Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana kotak kosong menang pada Pilkada Makassar 2018. Fenomena ini menjadi sejarah pemilu dimana satu kandidat gagal memenangkan pemilu. Sepuluh partai politik yang terdiri dari Partai Golongan Karya (Golkar), Partai Nasional Demokrat (NasDem), Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan (PDI-P), Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP), Partai Bulan Bintang (PBB), Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya (Gerindra), Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (PKS), Partai Hati Nurani Rakyat (Hanura), Partai Amanat Nasional (PAN), dan Partai Keadilan dan Persatuan Indonesia (PKPI), mempromosikan pasangan calon tunggal tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana pergerakan relawan kotak kosong dalam Pilkada Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pemilihan informan menggunakan teknik snowball sampling, dan menggunakan teori pergerakan sosial. Ada tiga bagian teori ini: 1) Teori keluhan. Kekecewaan publik atas diskualifikasi pasangan calon dan menganggap penyelenggara pemilu tidak adil; 2) Teori struktur mobilisasi. Menganalisis pergerakan relawan kotak kosong untuk menghimpun dukungan massa dan simpatisan selama pemilihan; dan 3) Teori framing. Analisis isu yang digunakan dan metode untuk menyebarkan isu. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa fenomena kotak kosong pada Pilkada Makassar, berbeda dengan pilkada di daerah lain yang pasangan calon tunggal tidak memiliki lawan, di Makassar salah satu pasangan calon didiskualifikasi karena melakukan pelanggaran. Hal itu membuat masyarakat, pendukung, dan tim sukses kecewa dengan keputusan KPU. Kekecewaan ini juga mengakibatkan munculnya gerakan relawan kotak kosong. Gerakan relawan kotak kosong menghimpun dukungan massa dan simpatisan melalui sosialisasi dari pintu ke pintu, leaflet, flyer, dan spanduk ajakan bertindak untuk memenangkan kotak kosong dan menggunakan media sosial dan media online sebagai alat kampanye.