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The ambiguities of Immanuel Kant's political philosophy, particularly his social contract theory, are discussed. In large part, Kant's political philosophy stemmed from his attitudes toward the Englightenment & the French Revolution, & his theory of social contract served as a foundation for enlightened absolutism. Comparison of Kant's thought with Thomas Hobbes's theory, particularly the right to disobedience & revolt, & with John Locke's theory of social contract & the development & context of the right to revolt, illuminates some key difficulties in Kant's political, moral, & legal theory. Adapted from the source document.

The presented article aims to answer the question of what the future of militant Islamism in Somalia will look like after the defeat of the Union of Islamic Courts (UIC). This will be done by analyzing the roots of this phenomenon. Operationalization is based on the violent non-state actor model, as defined by Thomas, Kiser & Casebeer. Next, the most important actors in contemporary Somalia regarding militant Islam will be presented. The Manwaring paradigm will be used to help us understand the success of the UIC. The findings will then be extrapolated into the future to resolve the original analytical question. Adapted from the source document.

Autor navazuje na své mezinárodně úspěšné knižní fresky roku 1913, onoho "léta jednoho století", tentokrát se ovšem věnuje celé jedné dekádě, třicátým letům 20. století Jean-Paul Sartre pozval Simone de Beauvoirovou na schůzku a teď čeká sám v kavárně. Henry Miller a Anaïs Ninová se milují v Paříži a občas si zajedou za tichými dny do Clichy. Pablo Picasso kličkuje mezi svou ženou a milenkami a Gottfried Benn musel vstoupit do armády, aby se k němu vrátila poezie. Zatímco všude kypí láska, v Německu se Bertolt Brecht, Thomas Mann a mnozí další rozhodují pro emigraci. Moc uchvacují nacisté. Pálí se knihy. "Zlatá dvacátá" skončila. Nakladatelská anotace. Kráceno

Comparative politics textbooks play an important role in scientific socialization within political science. Thus, textbook reviews should take their role in this process into account. Analytical review criteria have to be based on understanding the different potential roles textbooks may play within tertiary education & of the goals they may fulfill. The argument about different strategy patterns of comparative politics textbooks is illustrated here on the example of relatively recent textbooks by Daniele Caramani & Alan Siaroff. Such an analysis may serve not only to identify reasonable criteria to assess comparative politics textbooks, but it also utilizes the findings of Thomas Kuhn about the "discipline-forming" role of textbooks. Textbooks also play an important role as a space for meta-reflective analysis of comparative politics as a field of. To study textbooks therefore also means to study authoritative texts about comparative politics. Adapted from the source document.

The article describes the role of the Chicago School of Sociology in the development of empirical social research. It traces the increase in the significance of the education of doctoral students on American universities at the turn of the 20th century, and the role of philanthropic foundations. It focuses on the contribution of prominent individuals: W. R. Harper, rector and founder of the University of Chicago, obtained top figures and founded journals in some major fields. A. W. Small was the first chair of the Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology, founded the American Journal of Sociology and wrote the first two textbooks of sociology. W. I. Thomas was responsible for the famous study Polish Peasant in Europe and America and for the theoretical foundations passed on to his successors. In 1916 R. E. Park published a project in which Chicago became a social laboratory and he inspired and was an advisor for numerous doctoral projects that later were published as sociological monographs. The methodologist E. W. Burgess organized empirical research for the school of doctoral studies that emerged in Chicago and successfully worked there for twenty years. It is beyond the scope of one article to discuss also the monographs by doctoral students at the University of Chicago. Paper examines in detail only the monograph by Park, Burgess and McKenzie titled The City.

The article discusses the normative responses of the tradition of Rawls's political philosophy to the fact that globalization is not working according to the principles of distributive justice and that the existing global distribution of income and wealth is highly unjust. The first section presents the cosmopolitan theories of Charles Beitz and Thomas Pogge, both of whom draw their concepts from Rawls's masterpiece "Theory of Justice". These advocates of the Rawlsian approach see our world as forming one basic global structure that entails complex economic, political and cultural relationships across state borders. These relationships have important distributive implications that require the application of Rawlsian principles of justice at the transnational level. In the second part, Rawls's work developed in "The Law of Peoples", which is the extension of his own approach to the transnational domain, is critically examined. Its major notions (Society of Peoples, liberal and decent peoples, outlaw states and burdened societies, etc.), as well as the reasons for rejecting this approach from a cosmopolitan point of view are closely analyzed. In the third part, globalism and statism are conceived of as two main paradigms of current debate on global and international justice. The article concludes with the thesis that Rainer Forst's conception of transnational justice may provide the possible transcendence of this opposition. Adapted from the source document.

Obálka -- Obsah -- Úvodem -- I. K dějinám sociologie -- Émile Durkheim a česká sociologie: Ke 100. výročí úmrtí významného francouzského sociologa -- Hynek Jeřábek: Slavné sociologické výzkumy (1899-1949) -- "Vox populi" nebo "opinion publique"? Veřejné mínění jako sociálně historický fenomén -- Čeněk Adamec a počátky výzkumu veřejného mínění v Čechách -- Sociálněvědní archiv v Kostnici a jeho přínos pro rekonstrukci teorie sociálního jednání -- O koncepci, která předznamenala teorii rozšířené mysli, a o jejím významu pro sociálněvědní teorii -- Marek Nohejl: Lebenswelt a každodennost v sociologii Alfreda Schütze. Pojednání o východiscích fenomenologické sociologie -- Lewis A. Coser, sociolog, který "rehabilitoval" konflikt. Ke stému výročí narození významného amerického sociologa -- Eduard Urbánek: role, charakter a doba -- Návštěva Thomase Luckmanna v Praze -- Edward A. Tiryakian v Praze -- Neobyčejný život a dílo Richarda Junga se uzavřely -- II. K dobovým diskusím -- Lubomír Mlčoch, Pavel Machonin, Milan Sojka: Ekonomické a společenské změny v české společnosti po roce 1989 (alternativní pohled) -- Karel Müller: Industriální zdroje, ekonomický růst a sociální změna -- Jsou národní sociologické společnosti v krizi? -- Lokální, regionální a globální sociologie -- Miloslav Petrusek: Společnosti pozdní doby -- Světový sociologický kongres v Jokohamě -- Jak porozumět kultuře v kontextu soudobé sociální teorie? -- Jiří Bystřický a kol.: Mediální moderna: Studie k soudobým formám de-abstrakce a mediality -- III. Na téma historické sociologie -- Osobní identita a čas -- O umírání a smrti. K českému vydání knihy Norberta Eliase O osamělosti umírajících -- Ani pokrok, ani zmar: Minulý přelom století lidé víc prožívali -- Oborové studium historické sociologie na Fakultě humanitních studií Univerzity Karlovy v Praze