Suchergebnisse

This study aims to analyze how the demographic structure affects carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Top Emitters, namely China, the United States, the European Union (EU-28), India, Indonesia, Russia, Brazil, Japan, Canada, and Mexico. This study uses panel data from ten countries stated in Top Emitters for the period 2000-2014 sourced from the World Resource Institute, World Bank and UNESCO Institute for Statistics. This study uses the Panel Data Regression method with the best model chosen is the Random Effect Model (REM) and four demographic structure variables, namely the dependency ratio, sex ratio, higher education ratio, industrial employment ratio. The results of this study indicate that the dependency ratio, sex ratio, higher education ratio, industrial employment ratio have a significant effect on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Top Emitters. The results of this study are expected to provide policies that can be implemented by the government.Keywords: Demographic Structure, Top Emitters, Panel Data Regression MethodJEL : I25, O15, Q5

This report uses the data compiled by World Resources Institute (WRI) to examine a pivotal and long-running issue surrounding U.S. climate change policy: the appropriate roles of developed and developing countries in addressing climate change.

What are realistic emissions targets for the six largest emitters that are Paris-compatible in total? To investigate this question, key framework data on the available budget and its allocation mechanism are varied and top-down national emissions targets are calculated. The Paris ambition mechanism stipulates a combination of top-down and bottom-up. Individual countries must therefore ask themselves to what extent their bottom-up targets fit with global requirements. This can initiate a discourse on the global framework data, which contributes to Paris-compatible NDCs.

A major challenge towards integrated quantum optics is the deterministic integration of quantum emitters on optical chips. Combining the quantum optical properties of some emitters with the benefits of integration and scalability of integrated optics is still a major issue to overcome. In this work, we demonstrate a novel approach in which quantum emitters are positioned in a controlled manner onto a substrate and onto an optical waveguide with nanoscale precision via direct laser writing based on two-photon polymerization (DLW-TPP). Our quantum emitters are colloidal CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) embedded in polymeric nanostructures. Varying the laser parameters during the patterning process, size-controlled QD-polymer nanostructures have been characterized systematically. Structures as small as 20 nm in height were fabricated. The well-controlled QD-polymer nanostructure systems were then successfully integrated at will onto a photonic platform, in our case, ion exchange waveguide (IEW). We show that our quantum dots maintain their high light emitting quality after integration as verified by photoluminescence (PL) measurements. Ultimately, QD emission coupled to our waveguides is detected through a home-build fiber-edge coupling PL measurement setup. Our results show the potential for future quantum optical communications and pave a novel way towards top-down deterministically integrating quantum emitters onto complex photonic chips.

A major challenge towards integrated quantum optics is the deterministic integration of quantum emitters on optical chips. Combining the quantum optical properties of some emitters with the benefits of integration and scalability of integrated optics is still a major issue to overcome. In this work, we demonstrate a novel approach in which quantum emitters are positioned in a controlled manner onto a substrate and onto an optical waveguide with nanoscale precision via direct laser writing based on two-photon polymerization (DLW-TPP). Our quantum emitters are colloidal CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) embedded in polymeric nanostructures. Varying the laser parameters during the patterning process, size-controlled QD-polymer nanostructures have been characterized systematically. Structures as small as 20 nm in height were fabricated. The well-controlled QD-polymer nanostructure systems were then successfully integrated at will onto a photonic platform, in our case, ion exchange waveguide (IEW). We show that our quantum dots maintain their high light emitting quality after integration as verified by photoluminescence (PL) measurements. Ultimately, QD emission coupled to our waveguides is detected through a home-build fiber-edge coupling PL measurement setup. Our results show the potential for future quantum optical communications and pave a novel way towards top-down deterministically integrating quantum emitters onto complex photonic chips.

A major challenge towards integrated quantum optics is the deterministic integration of quantum emitters on optical chips. Combining the quantum optical properties of some emitters with the benefits of integration and scalability of integrated optics is still a major issue to overcome. In this work, we demonstrate a novel approach in which quantum emitters are positioned in a controlled manner onto a substrate and onto an optical waveguide with nanoscale precision via direct laser writing based on two-photon polymerization (DLW-TPP). Our quantum emitters are colloidal CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) embedded in polymeric nanostructures. Varying the laser parameters during the patterning process, size-controlled QD-polymer nanostructures have been characterized systematically. Structures as small as 20 nm in height were fabricated. The well-controlled QD-polymer nanostructure systems were then successfully integrated at will onto a photonic platform, in our case, ion exchange waveguide (IEW). We show that our quantum dots maintain their high light emitting quality after integration as verified by photoluminescence (PL) measurements. Ultimately, QD emission coupled to our waveguides is detected through a home-build fiber-edge coupling PL measurement setup. Our results show the potential for future quantum optical communications and pave a novel way towards top-down deterministically integrating quantum emitters onto complex photonic chips.

Intro -- Vorwort: Patricia Espinosa -- Vorwort: Prof. Klaus Töpfer -- Teil 1 | Zur Orientierung -- 1.1_Einleitung -- 1.2_Thesenartige Zusammenfassung -- 1.3_Der US-Präsident, Rechtsfragen und deutsche Befindlichkeiten -- Teil 2 | Klima und Klimaschutz - die Problemlage richtig verstehen -- 2.1_Die Paris-Lücke -- 2.2_Was Indira Gandhi, Rio und die SDGs in Gang gesetzt haben -- 2.3_Ein neues Energiesystem - ein unbedingtes Muss -- 2.4_Welche Zukünfte sind denkbar? -- Teil 3 | Thema verfehlt - Missverständnisse dominieren -- 3.1_Zeitgewinn ist ein wichtiger Schlüssel -- 3.2_Holz - Ein traditioneller Baustoff verdient viel mehr Beachtung -- 3.3_Kontraproduktives Wettrennen in der Arktis - das neue große Spiel -- 3.4_Ecuadors Angebot - eine ungenutzte Chance -- 3.5_Chinas Weg zu Wohlstand ist nicht Klimaverträglich wiederholbar -- 3.6_Rasche Dekarbonisierung - Illusionen und Risiken -- 3.7_Vorsicht bei Hypes und Versprechen -- 3.8_Die Debatte wird heftig -- Teil 4 | Völlig unterschätzt: CO2-Kompensation und Klimaneutralität -- 4.1_Wie man Klimaneutralität definiert -- 4.2_Framing als Methode, als Gefahr und als Chance -- 4.3_Kategorien der Kompensation -- 4.4_Aufforstung, Humusbildung, Bio-Kohle: Wie sich CO2 langfristig speichern lässt -- 4.5_Der Carbon Footprint als Basis -- 4.6_Hochwertige Standards - gut fürs Klima und die Menschen -- 4.7_Wie der Einzelne klimaneutral/klimapositiv werden kann -- 4.8_Wie Unternehmen klimaneutral/klimapositiv werden können -- 4.9_Was Klima-Zertifikate kosten -- 4.10_Der freiwillige Markt für CO2-Zertifikate -- Teil 5 | Besonders gefordert: Private Akteure, insbesondere »Top Emitters« -- 5.1_Private Akteure sind jetzt gefordert -- 5.2_Wer sind die »Top Emitters«? -- 5.3_Kann der Privatsektor die Kosten tragen? -- 5.4_Die großen Hebel: Hier sollte man ansetzen -- 5.5_Freiwillige Klimaneutralität ist kein Freikauf