Suchergebnisse

"Translation of questionnaires is the most frequently chosen route to implementing 'equivalent' instruments in cross-national and cross-lingual survey research. The article presents the framework of current survey translation practice: the various procedures proposed for translation and for assessment of translation products and the respective advantages or disadvantages of each. In doing so, pointers are made to research gaps in questionnaire adaptation and evaluation for cross-cultural work and to the need for interdisciplinary transfer from cognitive survey research, translation studies and statistical analysis in order to establish a thorough-going methodology of questionnaire adaptation, assessment and documentation." (author's abstract)

In our globalized and transcultural world it has become more common than ever to live among different languages, to cross geographical and cultural borders frequently, to negotiate between multiple spaces and loyalties: from global businesspeople to guest workers, from tourists to refugees. In this book, Siri Nergaard examines translation as a personal, intimate experience of a subject living in and among different languages and cultures and sees living in translation as a socio-psychological condition of transmigrancy with strong implications on emotions and behaviour. Adopting a wide transdisciplinary approach, drawing on theories in psychology, anthropology, cultural studies, semiotics, and philosophy, the author investigates the situations of translation affecting individuals, and in particular migrants. With examples from documentaries, photographs, exhibitions, and testimonies, Nergaard also analyses how migrants get translated in political discourse and in official documents, and how they perform their lives as transmigrants. The first part examines in particular three issues and concepts: the figure of the migrant, hospitality, and the border, which are viewed as representing the most fundamental questions of what living in translation means. The second part of the book presents examples of lives in translation through representations in a variety of modes and expressions. This timely book is key reading for researchers and advanced students in translation and interpreting studies, anthropology, migration studies, and related areas.

There will always be good translators and there will always be a need for good translators. This commonplace statement has been challenged by the development of the markets, as a result of globalization of trade and technologies, outsourcing and flexibility. A TAUS (Translation Automation User Society) report from 2014 stated that there is a 250 million dollars industry waiting for translators. These are still many times viewed as non-professional people who know a language or two and can use dictionaries or google to translate. In fact, professions in multilingual communication have developed fast over the last two decades and the profile of the "translator" is much more complex, involving translators, interpreters, revisers, editors, subtitlers, localizers, terminologists, technical writers, product engineers and project managers. This revolution seems to demand for new skills. Where can they be obtained? In most European countries primary training of translators is developed in Higher Education Institutions. The European Union Association of Translation Companies met in Lisbon this year and explicitly reported the existence of a gap between the industry and the translation graduates. This leads us to believe that universities and polytechnics have to change their approaches in translator training and more synergies should be created. This presentation will propose a set of changes which may be able to reduce the gap between academic training and the demands of the labour market. Traineeships and internships for students and trainers are just one example of a good contribution for the employability of graduates who, more than ever, have to possess a vast set of skills and keep a high quality standard in their performance if they want to be job-ready. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

AbstractThis article seeks to clarify how scholarship in postcolonial studies and new ontology (the "ontological turn") has construed the problem of modernity as a problem of translation. Drawing on resources from the field of secular studies, it suggests that projects to provincialize or repudiate the universalism of modern thought, as well as the translations this universalism enables, tend to reinscribe the very translational problematic these projects aim to mitigate or overturn.

Abstract
This article examines the role of audiovisual translation in the cinematic circulation of trans knowledge. Through a case study of the Cantonese-dubbed version of the Thai-language film The Iron Ladies in Hong Kong, the article analyzes a regional production of trans meanings that negotiates between local subjectivities and globalized categories. The article also demonstrates the importance of a multilingual approach to the study of trans cinema.

In a recently discovered photograph of German architect Bruno Taut's retrospective exhibition at the Istanbul Academy of Fine Arts, which opened on 4 June 1938, Taut in-exile stands with Erica Taut and his assistant Şinasi Lugal in front of a display (see Figure 1). What interests me in this image is not so much the frontal figures who posed for it as the documentary value of the exhibit in the background, the photographs inside the photograph. These images display Taut's Siedlungen (residential settlements/collective housing projects), designed and constructed as part of the Berlin Housing Program (1924–33) just before Taut was exiled from Germany due to the rise of National Socialism. After stays in Russia and Japan, Taut moved to Turkey, where he became head of the Architecture Department at the Istanbul Academy. Through a seminar and a studio he taught on Siedlung, he participated in a translation of the idea of collective housing that would shape the discursive space and practice of architecture in Turkey for decades to come. Most of the images in the exhibition were taken by the now-famous photographer Arthur Köster. The exhibit bears witness to the fact that Turkish architects were exposed not only to the influential Siedlungen of the Weimar period in Germany but also to their soon-to-be canonical photographs earlier than most of their colleagues around the world.

The term translation policy has become problematic for the field of Translation Studies because it has meant so many things to so many authors that it threatens to lose some of its efficacy (see Meylaerts 2011a, 163–166). In light of this, the concept of translation policy should be developed so that it will be broad enough to account for diverse phenomena in different places with multiple agents, while retaining specific parameters that make the concept methodologically useful. This article will consider insights from Translation Studies and from other fields, especially from the field of Language Policy, in order to develop such a concept of translation policy. To illustrate how the understanding of translation policy that will be proposed may be used in a descriptive paradigm, the article will present translation policy in Scotland's local government as a case study.

Abstract
Translation in the Middle Ages did not involve the same constraints as translation today for various reasons, which this article will attempt to highlight through a semiotic analysis of the opposing powers and other translation-related pressures which interact in the translation process. This process involves a source language and a target language, but above all a source culture and target culture. Translation in the Middle Ages, like translation today, is primarily about taking into consideration certain constraints, some of which are shared between the two eras but which, in all cases, take into account the period in which they were translated. Indeed, an era involves modes of thought, political and religious ideologies, translation and stylistic practices that are unique to that particular time. If, as example periods, we have chosen two eras which are quite remote from each other, it is to demonstrate that the issues certainly differ, but not as much as one might imagine, particularly in certain political and ideological contexts.

The paper focuses on English-to-Russian translations of patent applications on the website of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). A comparative analysis of patent applications is performed by using translations made with the help of the WIPO Translate tool and human translators within the framework of the synergetic translation space concept encompassing the domains of the author's intensions, text content and composition, energy, translator, recipient, and the translation acceptability notion. The translation erratology aspects were considered from the point of view of the semantic, referential, and syntactic ambiguity within the domains of content-composition and energy space. In the domain of the author, the intention to convey some technical information is revealed, while its rendering in the content-composition and energy domains depends on whether the translation is made by a person or a machine. Genre- and composition-related specifics have been rendered in both cases while machine translation errors have been proven to result from the semantic, referential, or syntactic ambiguity, and this is when the translated output is generally considered unacceptable by the recipient. The results obtained can be used for editing machine translations of patent documentation, assessing the quality of technical documentation translation that is referred to other specific genre conventions.

The late twentieth-century transition from a paper-oriented to a media-oriented society has triggered the emergence of Audiovisual Translation as the most dynamic and fastest developing trend within Translation Studies. The growing interest in this area is a clear indication that this discipline is going to set the agenda for the theory, research, training and practice of translation in the twenty-first century. Even so, this remains a largely underdeveloped field and much needs to be done to put Screen Translation, Multimedia Translation or the wider implications of Audiovisual Translation on.