"In his book A Second History, Beijing-based artist, Zhang Dali, examines the widespread use of photographic manipulation carried out by the Chinese government during the regime of Mao Tse-tung (1949-76). Using a compare and contrast format this artist book presents a chronological sequence of original, unmodified images together with their doctored doppelgängers which were manipulated in party-run, photo labs in the 50s, 60s and 70s for the Chinese propaganda market." -- From www.bywaterbros.com (Viewed 8 November 2012)
This article focuses on the commitment to truth seeking in two disparate cultural traditions. Striving for truth is not exclusive to Chinese and Jewish peoples. It is also amply evident in the writings of intellectuals who survived dogmatism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. It fuels the passions and the trauma of the "Truth Commissions" that have proliferated from South Africa to Guatemala, East Timor, and Morocco. By exploring specific historical moments and linguistic expression for conveying the quest for authenticity in Chinese and Hebrew, this work draws attention to a broader historical phenomenon: Confucian sages and Jewish prophets who argued for truthfulness in times filled with deceit and injustice bequeathed posterity a vocabulary and a vision that endures today. Historians reckoning with that language and vision need to cast the net of their reflections beyond one culture, one thinker, one moment in time. Laying disparate traditions alongside one another, the author argues, illuminates the central theme of truthfulness in a more compelling fashion.
Omar Barghouti's call for an academic and cultural boycott, "Resisting Israeli apartheid: Why the academic and cultural boycott?", is a sustained attempt to demonize Israel, intended to bring about its destruction.
We conduct an experiment assessing the extent to which people trade off the economic costs of truthfulness against the intrinsic costs of lying. The results allow us to reject a type-based model. People's preferences for truthfulness do not identify them as only either "economic types" (who care only about consequences) or "ethical types" (who care only about process). Instead, we find that preferences for truthfulness are heterogeneous among individuals. Moreover, when examining possible sources of intrinsic costs of lying and their interplay with economic costs of truthfulness, we find that preferences for truthfulness are also heterogeneous within individuals.
"This book offers the reader tools to recognize, analyze, and fight back against the fake news, misinformation and disinformation that comes at us from every corner. This volume: - Uses real, lively examples to help readers detect fake news, false claims, suspicious information/data, biased reporting, and hate speech; - Demonstrates through case studies where to look for information, what to look for, how to analyze the logic/illogic involved, and uncover the truth value of a story; - Discusses fact checking sites, what they examine, and their reliability; - Provides examples and analyzes the components, purposes, and consequences of conspiracy theories; - Illustrates the tricks of using numbers/data to mislead readers; - Explains what to look for to help decide whether to believe the conclusions of stories based on surveys; - Offers a range of concrete, effective responses to dangerous, exaggerated, distorted, and false narratives; - Examines policy responses to fake news, disinformation, and misinformation across the world. A key manual to negotiate the information age, this book will be essential reading for students, scholars and professionals of journalism and mass communication, public policy, politics, and the social sciences. It will also be an indispensable handbook for the lay reader"--
