Suchergebnisse

Intro -- U.S. FOREIGN POLICY: BACKGROUND AND ISSUES -- U.S. FOREIGN POLICY: BACKGROUND AND ISSUES -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 FOREIGN OREIGN AID REFORM , NATIONAL STRATEGY , AND THE QUADRENNIAL REVIEW -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- INTEREST IN ELEVATING DIPLOMACY AND DEVELOPMENT -- Issues and Actions during the George W. Bush Administration -- Issues and Actions during the Obama Administration -- NATIONAL STRATEGY -- LEGISLATION ON FOREIGN AID REFORM -- THE QUADRENNIAL REVIEW -- Congressional Action -- Executive Branch Action -- QDDR Structure -- Timing of Report -- Initial Concerns -- THE PRESIDENTIAL STUDY DIRECTIVE ON U.S. GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY -- CONCLUSION -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 FOREIGN OREIGN AID : INTERNATIONAL DONOR COORDINATION DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- OVERVIEW OF OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE -- WHY COORDINATE? -- INTERNATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR DONOR COORDINATION -- Rome High Level Forum on Donor Harmonization -- Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness -- Accra Agenda for Action -- IMPLEMENTING DONOR COORDINATION -- Global Mechanisms -- Use of Multilateral Organizations -- Joint Assistance Strategies -- Data Sharing -- EXAMPLE: SECTOR BASED COORDINATION-HIV/AIDS -- U.S.-Specific Mechanisms for Donor Coordination -- USAID Guidance -- USAID Coordination Officers -- MCC and OGAC -- COORDINATION CHALLENGES -- Division of Labor -- Concerns about Direct Budget Support and Funding Pools -- Agency and Personnel Incentives -- Lack of Inter-agency Coordination -- Coordination Costs -- Conflicting Strategic Interests -- Working with Private and Emerging Donors -- APPENDIX. ODA DONORS AND PRIVATE FOUNDATIONS THAT PROVIDE ASSISTANCE TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES -- End Notes -- Chapter 3 AFRICA: U.S. FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ISSUES -- SUMMARY -- U.S. AID TO AFRICA: AN OVERVIEW -- BACKGROUND -- U.S. Assistance Programs

Research in international relations has identified a variety of actors who appear to influence U.S. foreign policy, including experts and "epistemic communities," organized interests (especially business and labor), and ordinary citizens or "public opinion." This research, however, has often focused on a single factor at a time, rather than systematically testing the relative importance of alternative possible influences. Using extensive survey data gathered over three decades we conduct a comparative test, attempting to account for the expressed foreign policy preferences of policy makers by means of the preferences of the general public and those of several distinct sets of elites. The results of cross-sectional and time-lagged analyses suggest that U.S. foreign policy is most heavily and consistently influenced by internationally oriented business leaders, followed by experts (who, however, may themselves be influenced by business). Labor appears to have significant but smaller impacts. The general public seems to have considerably less effect, except under particular conditions. These results generally hold over several different analytical models (including two-observation time series) and different clusters of issues (economic, military, and diplomatic), with some variations across different institutional settings (the U.S. House, Senate, and executive branch).

Problems of US human rights policy and opportunities for political aid abroad; 4 articles.

In a major reinterpretation of American diplomatic history, Michael H. Hunt argues that there is an ideology that has shaped American foreign policy—an ideology based on a conception of national mission, on the racial classification of other peoples, and on hostility toward social revolutions—and he traces its rise and impact from the eighteenth century down to the present day. "Michael Hunt effectively analyzes the mental prisms through which perceptions of the American national interest are refracted. Policymakers will find his book provocative. All Americans who care about their country's place in the world will find it worth reading."—Rep. Stephen Solarz "Three 'core ideas' of American political culture, according to Mr. Hunt, have powerfully molded American diplomacy, and they form the heart of his analysis. These ideas concern the questions of revolution, race and, most interestingly, liberty…. On the subject of liberty… Mr. Hunt is supple and suggestive. … Mr. Hunt's examination of the conflation of liberty and greatness helps us understand the ideological genesis of the Reagan Doctrine, with is open-ended support for anti-Communist movements everywhere."—David M. Kennedy, New York Times Book Review "A lean, plain-spoken treatment of a grand subject…. A bold piece of criticism and advocacy…. The tight focus of the argument may insure its survival as one of the basic postwar critiques of U.S. policy."—John W. Dower, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists Michael H. Hunt is professor of history at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill