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Since the 1980s, the topic of governance has been extensively investigated in parallel with the effects of globalization on policy issues. Meanwhile, there has been an increasing fragmentation of responsibilities in the urban arena. Now, the main focus is on new institutional relations and the policy process in which different constituents and agencies participate at both the national and the local level. As a result of the rescaling process of the state, networked forms of governance constitute a new form of politics. The changing governance structure in Istanbul, as in many other cities, is shaped by the interaction of economic and institutional factors, which are mediated through political, cultural and other contextual forces. To demonstrate that global forces influence urban management systems, this article describes the increasing participation of the private sector in urban development in Istanbul. An evaluation of urban governance is made to ascertain whether the concept of governance can explain the urban management model prevailing in Istanbul.

This paper presents a comprehensive study of large-scale, master-planned urban developments in Asia and Europe. Increasing in numbers all over the world since the 1980's, these urban mega-projects—here referred to as Grands Projets—have become major drivers of urban intensification. Set forth to actuate urban renewal or to augment city expansion, Grands Projets have become spatial manifestations of cities' larger economic and political agendas. In their development process, they have triggered a change in the urban condition beyond the very boundaries of their sites. As such, they offer a productive means of investigating current urban trends in a globally connected form of concentrated urbanisation. This research, based at the ETH-Future Cities Laboratory (FCL) in Singapore, examines eight case studies in Asia and Europe through five analytical frames: a project's conception, design, implementation, operation and implications. This approach addresses various spatial and temporal scales within different theoretical and material practices, allowing a comprehensive discussion of Grands Projets within and across varying socio-political contexts. This paper sheds light on the specific urban conditions of Grands Projets despite their global development trends, transnational owners or financing alliances and internationally regulated planning practices. Often dependent on exceptional regulations outside statutory planning procedures, they are subject to context-specific challenges, project-specific briefs and unique configurations of actors and stakeholders, all of which have created different manifestations of Grands Projets in space. This analytical framework, as presented in this paper, will form the basis of a larger comparative endeavour to be completed at a later stage in our work.

By 2050, half the world's population will live in cities — Ancient Proverb You have, surely, seen or heard the above statement before—in newspaper articles, possibly, or government documents; perhaps as wall-text at an art exhibition; perhaps whispered into your ear by an anonymous commuter. Words summon action. Describing a near-future in which half of the global populace will inevitably—definitely!—live in cities is not a value-neutral offering but an invocation to act. This proverb drives policy development for the United Nations, forms the opening gambit of a great many foresight reports and acts as the backbone of the property development industry. It is a compelling pitch for businesses and govern- ments looking to shore up certainty in an age of instability and volatility, framing half the world's population as a captive audience for policy, surveillance and sales. Positioning the city as the nexus of mass human experience for the foreseeable future sets up a land-grab for who gets to define what these cities will look like. And what is being imagined often seems to be terribly similar, both in terms of what these cities look like, how they are controlled and what forms of technological systems will thread through them. It is these apparently inescapable future-metropolitan visions that critical approaches to design, architecture and urbanism seek to challenge.

The inadequate supply of electricity in Pakistan disrupts everyday life and hampers industry and business; in this it is an emblematic indicator of the poor quality of urban governance pervasive in much of the Global South. We focus on the governance of Karachi's electricity distribution system, and its spatial unevenness across this sprawling metropolis of 15 million residents which encompasses huge informal settlements alongside upscale housing and commercial plazas. Using a dataset with granular, neighborhood-level electricity data, we apply spatial and statistical modeling techniques to understand how transmission and distribution losses, i.e., the utility's ability to bill for the electricity it supplies, vary across the city. These electricity losses provide a useful lens on the unevenness of urban governance in the city, especially where other sources of detailed socio-economic data are scarce. Our models link losses to higher proportions of residential consumers rather than commercial or industrial. Moreover, based on an analysis of model residuals, we can start to specify the degree to which urban governance is driven by the underlying characteristics of the neighborhood and bring some precision to understanding the spatial distribution of urban governance. Our findings reinforce the importance for governance reforms to be locally situated and informed, while also opening up new possibilities for visualizing electricity governance at a very local level and thus promoting democratic transparency.

Che cos'è una città? Questa la domanda che Lewis Mumford si poneva nel 1937 di fronte a una platea di urban planners (LeGates e Stout 2011: 91- 95) e che, a più di ottant'anni di distanza, continua a impegnare studiose e studiosi di tutto il mondo, rimanendo perlopiù insoluta. Tuttavia, molto è mutato dall'epoca di Mumford, sia dal punto di vista sociale, economico e politico, sia dal punto di vista della produzione del sapere. Per quanto riguarda lo studio della città, uno dei cambiamenti più rilevanti è rappresentato dall'emergere di un settore disciplinare eterogeneo e ibrido, denominato studi urbani. Sebbene la nascita di questo campo di studi non abbia ancora portato a una risposta convincente rispetto alla domanda che poneva Mumford – e sommessamente ci auguriamo che non si arrivi mai a pensare di poterle dare una risposta definitiva –, è indubbio che questa nuova letteratura abbia condotto a una constatazione, particolarmente necessaria quando si affronta la sfida di interpretare l'urbano: rappresentare le citta è un'operazione complessa, perché queste sfuggono costantemente alle nostre analisi. Di questa complessità e delle sfide che pone, questo numero vuole dare conto.

International audience ; Vulnerability is a polysemic concept, fundamentally philosophical and political. This protean nature of the paradigm poses the problem of its operability for an efficient management of risks and crises in a global context of climatic and social uncertainties of urban territories. Indeed, crisis management comes up against the apprehension and the definition of vulnerability according to the temporal and spatial scale. This article aims to trace the chaotic route of this concept in order to propose a reframing at the scale of developing cities in which urbanization is rather poorly controlled. The approach is based on bibliographic research and the results of empirical studies carried out in the city of San Pedro in the south-west of Côte d'Ivoire. In analysis, the incursion of the concept of vulnerability in geography was made when the discipline of naturalistic science became social science under the impulse of American geographers. Vulnerability then becomes a holistic concept that brings together four factors: hazard, stake, perception and management. It is a social object to which, according to the results of our surveys, it is possible to add under the heading of southern cities factors such as uncontrolled urbanization, urban governance and poor development. ; La vulnérabilité est un concept polysémique, fondamentalement philosophique et politique. Ce caractère protéiforme du paradigme pose le problème de son opérationnalité pour une gestion efficiente des risques et des crises dans un contexte global d'incertitudes climatiques et sociales des territoires urbains. En effet, la gestion des crises se heurte à l'appréhension et à la définition que l'on se fait de la vulnérabilité selon l'échelletemporelle et spatiale. Cet article vise à retracer l'itinéraire chaotique de ce concept afin de proposer un recadrage à l'échelle des villes en développement dans lesquelles l'urbanisation est plutôt mal-maîtrisée. La démarche se base sur la recherche bibliographique et les résultats d'études ...

International audience Vulnerability is a polysemic concept, fundamentally philosophical and political. This protean nature of the paradigm poses the problem of its operability for an efficient management of risks and crises in a global context of climatic and social uncertainties of urban territories. Indeed, crisis management comes up against the apprehension and the definition of vulnerability according to the temporal and spatial scale. This article aims to trace the chaotic route of this concept in order to propose a reframing at the scale of developing cities in which urbanization is rather poorly controlled. The approach is based on bibliographic research and the results of empirical studies carried out in the city of San Pedro in the south-west of Côte d'Ivoire. In analysis, the incursion of the concept of vulnerability in geography was made when the discipline of naturalistic science became social science under the impulse of American geographers. Vulnerability then becomes a holistic concept that brings together four factors: hazard, stake, perception and management. It is a social object to which, according to the results of our surveys, it is possible to add under the heading of southern cities factors such as uncontrolled urbanization, urban governance and poor development. ; La vulnérabilité est un concept polysémique, fondamentalement philosophique et politique. Ce caractère protéiforme du paradigme pose le problème de son opérationnalité pour une gestion efficiente des risques et des crises dans un contexte global d'incertitudes climatiques et sociales des territoires urbains. En effet, la gestion des crises se heurte à l'appréhension et à la définition que l'on se fait de la vulnérabilité selon l'échelletemporelle et spatiale. Cet article vise à retracer l'itinéraire chaotique de ce concept afin de proposer un recadrage à l'échelle des villes en développement dans lesquelles l'urbanisation est plutôt mal-maîtrisée. La démarche se base sur la recherche bibliographique et les résultats d'études ...

In this article, I consider the origin and urban evolution of Mafalala. Mafalala's interaction with the colonial city generated synapses that fostered the creation of unique cultural environments from which emerged notable personalities of national artistic, sports and political importance. The material and immaterial heritage condensed in Mafalala is immense and encapsulates a considerable part of the history of Mozambique.

This study purposes to build a generic theoretical framework of urban politics, drawing on Bourdieu's relational sociology and theory of practice. Through a Bourdieusian relational mode of analysis, the study has conceptualized subfields of urban politics and the possible dimensions of politics among stakeholders in different subfields. In addition, the two conceptual spaces of positions and position-takings in the field of urban politics were hypothetically constructed with a methodological suggestion of Galois lattice analysis. The concepts of capital and habitus have also been related to develop the theoretical framework.

Remarkably, more than half of the world's population now lives in cities, and the numbers grow daily as people abandon rural areas. This fully updated and revised seventh edition of the classic text offers readers a comprehensive set of tools for understanding the urban landscape, and, by extension, the world's politics, cultures, and economies. Providing a sweeping overview of world urban geography, noted experts explore the eleven major global regions. Each regional chapter considers urban history, economy, culture, and environment, as well as urban spatial models and problems and prospects. Each begins with two facing pages: a regional map that shows the major cities and a table of basic statistical information about cities and urbanization in each region and a list of ten salient points about that region's urban experience. Chapters conclude with a list of references, including films and webpages, which can be used by the student and instructor for additional information about specific cities. … [Amazon.com] ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/politicalscience_geography_books/1038/thumbnail.jpg

Existing accounts of how the urban poor in the global south engage with the state fall short on two fronts. Firstly, the literature lacks an overarching framework articulating the urban poor's strategies for engaging the state. Secondly, these accounts typically capture singular instances of state engagement pursued by the urban poor and theorise on that basis. Using Partha Chatterjee's distinction between civil and political society as our theoretical point of departure, we draw on ethnographic evidence from Chennai's informal settlements to demonstrate how and when the urban poor deploy different strategies of state engagement to advance their claims to urban citizenship. We do this by proposing a typology that relates the seemingly distinct strategies of claims making for urban citizenship to each other, and identifying a trajectory of change for strategies deployed in the Indian metropolis of Chennai.

Studies of informal housing and urban citizenship in South Asia frequently link the precariousness of squatter life with the struggle to formalize engagement with the state. However, this article argues that the transition to a more formal mode of making claims on the state is a shift in terrain that is no less negotiated and contested. Through an ethnography of access to electrical power in Islamabad, Pakistan, this article explores the pervasiveness of informality in access to service delivery for a squatter settlement and its bourgeois neighbors. The politics of access to urban infrastructure reveal a state of pervasive predation and a collective imaginary which puts little credence in formality.

Chinese urbanism has long historical roots and has profoundly influenced world civilizations. Yet, the Chinese city has not, until very recently, attracted sustained or intense global attention. In the post-reform era, especially after 1992, the scale and speed of China's urbanization, and the intricacy of its dynamics and socio-spatial consequences have dwarfed those of other countries in the world. The latest reform era of urban China is characterized by a renewed and thriving urbanism, which manifests itself in the sheer scale of new urban space (re)production and the intricate interrelationships among the state, market, and society. The proliferation of new urban spaces signifies the emergence of new mechanisms of space (re)production, which have led to the rise of a new urban spatial order. Here, new urban spaces refer to emerging physical/virtual, social, and cultural spaces that are situated at the confluence of China's recent economic and political liberalization, globalization, and market transition. The term also denotes a general condition of rapid socio-spatial transformation signaling the latest episode of China's urbanization.

In this booklet, read about SMU's research and initiatives related to smart cities and urban management, and how we strive to make meaningful impact on business, government and society for Singapore and beyond. Contents: Liveability and quality of life Community participation through mobile crowdsourcing Smarter, healthier eating with Food AI Data-driven community eldercare platform for sustainable ageing-in-place A date with AI Smart mobility accessibility for barrier-free access Food security Optimisation and resource management Collaborative urban delivery optimisation Seat occupancy detection through capacitance sensing Large-scale crowd simulation based on real-world data Gaining insights through Wi-Fi technology Taxi driver guidance system Efficiency of surge pricing in allocation of ride-hailing resources Mobile safety and security Fortifying mobile platforms with a user-centric trust anchor Analysing, detecting and containing mobile malware System for scalable access control of encrypted data in untrusted servers Secure and usable authentication systems in mobile computing Planning, policy, education and governance Smart retail geospatial planning People-centric approach to urban planning Housing policy innovations for affordable housing Centre for AI & data governance Education for smart city management and technology

Small towns have often been considered as unimportant and have been largely ignored by policy-makers and researchers. Instead, attention was focussed on the large city or on rural development and agricultural change without consideration of the positive contribution that small towns can make to rural transformation. But for the rural majority of Africa's population it is the small town with which they have the most intense contacts. Case studies are presented from Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mali, Nigeria, Somalia, Sudan, Zambia and Zimbabwe.