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Efforts to empower the poor communities in urban areas are still very urgent at this time. Although the number of poor communities in urban areas is decreasing, the rate is not significant. Empowerment needs to place poor urban as the main actors and the government as facilitators and motivators. This research aims to provide a scientific description of the causes of poverty and the empowerment model for the poor urban in Makassar city, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The research method used is qualitative with a narrative strategy. The research participantss were as many as five low-income households in an urban area. The data collection technique used in-depth interviews with participants. Field observations were also made related to participants' social life and literature studies to strengthen the interview and observation data. Data analysis takes three ways: data reduction, data display, and verification/conclusion drawing. The result showed three factors that cause urban poverty: natural, cultural, and structural. The empowerment model was implemented by understanding the problems encountered, developing problem-solving strategies, understanding the importance of making planned changes, and strengthening the urban poor's capacity. ; Upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat miskin di perkotaan masih sangat mendesak saat ini. Meski jumlah masyarakat miskin di perkotaan menurun, angka tersebut tidak signifikan. Pemberdayaan perlu menempatkan masyarakat miskin perkotaan sebagai aktor utama dan pemerintah sebagai fasilitator dan motivator. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran ilmiah tentang penyebab kemiskinan dan model pemberdayaan masyarakat miskin perkotaan di kota Makassar, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan strategi naratif. Partisipan penelitian adalah sebanyak lima rumah tangga berpenghasilan rendah di wilayah perkotaan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam dengan partisipan. Pengamatan lapangan juga dilakukan terkait kehidupan sosial partisipan dan studi literatur untuk memperkuat data wawancara dan observasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan tiga cara yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi / penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga faktor penyebab kemiskinan perkotaan: alamiah, budaya, dan struktural. Model pemberdayaan dilaksanakan dengan memahami permasalahan yang dihadapi, menyusun strategi pemecahan masalah, memahami pentingnya melakukan perubahan yang terencana, dan memperkuat kapasitas masyarakat miskin perkotaan.

Election is a series of activities in democratic voting. In this regard, the election is regulated in Law Number 7 of 2017, here it explains how the participation of the people of Ubung Village in the context of participating in the 2019 election process. This study aims to determine the election management system according to Law No. 7 of 2017 and knowing about the implementation of the election in Ubung Village. This type of research is empirical research. This research was carried out by going directly to the research location which was located in the Ubung Village. The results showed that the stages in the people's participation in the kelurahan ubung are: in the election process it can be classified into 3 (three) stages, namely: the preparation stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage. So in this regard here it is said that the phase of people's involvement in the election of the Kelurahan ubung is very enthusiastic because almost 49.41% of the registered voters of the Kelurahan ubung and the Permanent Election list come to the polling stations to exercise their voting rights.

Actually, a serious program for poverty alleviation has been started since the last five years. Ta alleviate poverty problem especially in urban areas should not be focused on physical infrastructure development alone. it should be considering the dimension of social development to make urban development to be more harmony. Poverty alleviation is almost considered as the ultimate goals of the city planning, and this problem caused by the process of urbanization.Contemporary social problems in urban areas such as financial assistant for the poor, adolescent problem, drug abuse, criminality, prosti tution, social dysfunction, social cinflict, etc. Efforts to prevent these problems are needed; and improvement the quality of life of migrant workers should be the priority for the government of the municipalities. Regarding these problems, results of the the research in Keluraban Prawirodirjan found evidences that the empowerement program directed to migrant workers resulting a good lessons lerned for us. ; Actually, a serious program for poverty alleviation has been started since the last five years. Ta alleviate poverty problem especially in urban areas should not be focused on physical infrastructure development alone. it should be considering the dimension of social development to make urban development to be more harmony. Poverty alleviation is almost considered as the ultimate goals of the city planning, and this problem caused by the process of urbanization.Contemporary social problems in urban areas such as financial assistant for the poor, adolescent problem, drug abuse, criminality, prosti tution, social dysfunction, social cinflict, etc. Efforts to prevent these problems are needed; and improvement the quality of life of migrant workers should be the priority for the government of the municipalities. Regarding these problems, results of the the research in Keluraban Prawirodirjan found evidences that the empowerement program directed to migrant workers resulting a good lessons lerned for us.

APBD is a plan for the implementation of all Regional Revenues and all Regional Expenditures in the framework of the implementation of Decentralization within a given fiscal year. Collection of all Regional revenues aims to meet the targets set in the APBD. Likewise, all regional expenditures and bonds that burden the regions in the context of the implementation of decentralization are carried out in accordance with the amounts and targets set in the APBD. Because the APBD is the basis for regional financial management, the APBD also forms the basis for regional financial control, inspection and supervision activities Basically, the performance budget is a system for preparing and managing regional budgets which are oriented towards achieving results or performance. The performance must reflect the efficiency and effectiveness of public services, which means it must be oriented to the public interest. This has become the need of regional communities to carry out broad, real and responsible autonomy and regional autonomy must be understood as the right or authority of local communities to manage and manage their own affairs. The aspect or role of the regional government is no longer a mere tool of the interests of the central government but rather a tool to fight for regional aspirations and interests. The method used, the process of collecting data moves from the empirical field in an effort to build theory from the data, the purpose of this study is to find out, understand and analyze how the Reporting and Presentation of 2016-2017 Urban Budget Special Realization (AKK) in Adiarsa Barat District, Karawang Barat District Karawang and analyze how the financial analysis of 2016-2017 Urban Budget Special Realization (AKK) in Adiarsa Barat Village Karawang Barat District Karawang District. By paying attention to these objectives, the research method used is a Quantitative Description Adiarsa Barat Kelurahan shopping performance from T 2016 to T.A 2017 showed good performance. Based on the analysis of the results of the 2016/2017 T.A shopping growth shows there is a growth in spending. Expenditures which most affected the increase in growth in total expenditure were capital and operational expenditure ; APBD is a plan for the implementation of all Regional Revenues and all Regional Expenditures in the framework of the implementation of Decentralization within a given fiscal year. Collection of all Regional revenues aims to meet the targets set in the APBD. Likewise, all regional expenditures and bonds that burden the regions in the context of the implementation of decentralization are carried out in accordance with the amounts and targets set in the APBD. Because the APBD is the basis for regional financial management, the APBD also forms the basis for regional financial control, inspection and supervision activities Basically, the performance budget is a system for preparing and managing regional budgets which are oriented towards achieving results or performance. The performance must reflect the efficiency and effectiveness of public services, which means it must be oriented to the public interest. This has become the need of regional communities to carry out broad, real and responsible autonomy and regional autonomy must be understood as the right or authority of local communities to manage and manage their own affairs. The aspect or role of the regional government is no longer a mere tool of the interests of the central government but rather a tool to fight for regional aspirations and interests. The method used, the process of collecting data moves from the empirical field in an effort to build theory from the data, the purpose of this study is to find out, understand and analyze how the Reporting and Presentation of 2016-2017 Urban Budget Special Realization (AKK) in Adiarsa Barat District, Karawang Barat District Karawang and analyze how the financial analysis of 2016-2017 Urban Budget Special Realization (AKK) in Adiarsa Barat Village Karawang Barat District Karawang District. By paying attention to these objectives, the research method used is a Quantitative Description Adiarsa Barat Kelurahan shopping performance from T 2016 to T.A 2017 showed good performance. Based on the analysis of the results of the 2016/2017 T.A shopping growth shows there is a growth in spending. Expenditures which most affected the increase in growth in total expenditure were capital and operational expenditure

This book examines how style and intersubjective meanings emerge through language use. It is innovative in theoretical scope and empirical focus. It brings together insights from discourse-functional linguistics, stylistics, and conversation analysis to understand how language resources are used to enact stances in intersubjective space. While there are numerous studies devoted to youth language, the focus has been mainly on face-to-face interaction. Other types of youth interaction, particularly in mediated forms, have received little attention. This book draws on data from four different text types - conversation, e-forums, comics, and teen fiction - to highlight the multidirectional nature of style construction. Indonesia provides a rich context for the study of style and intersubjectivity among youth. In constructing style, Indonesian urban youth have been moving away from conventions which emphasized hierarchy and uniformity toward new ways of connecting in intersubjective space. This book analyzes how these new ways are realized in different text types. This book makes a valuable addition to sociolinguistic literature on youth and language and an essential reading for those interested in Austronesian sociolinguistics.

Food security is still becoming a crucial issue in developing countries nowadays, either in urban or rural areas. There are many factors triggered this condition, such as the increase in population pressure and conflict, privatization and changing tenure arrangements, poverty, social differentiation and also environmental degradation. It's undeniable that food security is a multidimensional problem, especially for people who lived in rural or isolated areas. In Mentawai Islands, a district located in the western part of Indonesia, the indigenous people depend on forest product (sago) as their main source of food. However, since 2012, the government has destroyed their food culture by establishing the 'National Food Security Improvement Program' and conducting the agricultural intensification as well as establishing 600 hectares of new rice fields in six sub - districts; South Pagai, North Pagai, Sikakap, South Sipora, North Sipora, and South Siberut. This study is conducted comprehensively using the Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (FSVA) to understand and describe the exact profiles of food-insecurities and vulnerable households. Furthermore, it also identified the risks and vulnerabilities of food consumption in Mentawai communities. Findings depict that shifting or transforming the food culture from sago to rice is a serious issue because socio-cultural aspects influence it and surely the government has to make a parallel policy that can accommodate the people needs, not only prioritize the national development agenda. ; Food security is still becoming a crucial issue in developing countries nowadays, either in urban or rural areas. There are many factors triggered this condition, such as the increase in population pressure and conflict, privatization and changing tenure arrangements, poverty, social differentiation and also environmental degradation. It's undeniable that food security is a multidimensional problem, especially for people who lived in rural or isolated areas. In Mentawai Islands, a district located in the western part of Indonesia, the indigenous people depend on forest product (sago) as their main source of food. However, since 2012, the government has destroyed their food culture by establishing the 'National Food Security Improvement Program' and conducting the agricultural intensification as well as establishing 600 hectares of new rice fields in six sub - districts; South Pagai, North Pagai, Sikakap, South Sipora, North Sipora, and South Siberut. This study is conducted comprehensively using the Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (FSVA) to understand and describe the exact profiles of food-insecurities and vulnerable households. Furthermore, it also identified the risks and vulnerabilities of food consumption in Mentawai communities. Findings depict that shifting or transforming the food culture from sago to rice is a serious issue because socio-cultural aspects influence it and surely the government has to make a parallel policy that can accommodate the people needs, not only prioritize the national development agenda.

Elections (elections) is one way in the democratic system to elect representatives of the people who will sit in the people's representatives and is a form of fulfillment of citizens' rights in politics. It turns out that the political process originally expected to get high participation support, it is still low public participation. The low participation of the community to vote in polling stations (TPS), was not the first phenomenon that occurred in Bungo District. It should support high and quality political participation of the community, but in fact the voter participation rate is only 69.18% who participate in voting in the election of regional head (Pilkada). In accordance with the problems studied, then this type of research is categorized as descriptive research.Given the large number of population and limited ability of the researcher then the research conducted on the sample representing the population. So the sample in this study amounted to 100 people.Data collection techniques in this study were conducted by: Interview, Questionnaire, and Documentation. The results of this research,Many factors caused a person to participate in the elections of Bungo District in 2015. From various forms of political participation, voting or voting is one form of political participation of the community. Factors influencing the political participation of the community in the Pilkada of Bungo Regency in 2015 amongst the Political Awareness of the Community as well as the Attitudes and Beliefs of the people. From the results of the questionnaire analysis there are several factors that influence a person to participate namely First, knowledge of the community environment. The percentage of people who chose to have knowledge of the vision and mission of the chosen candidate, 63 people (63%) stated "yes", while 37 people (37%) stated "no". Having knowledge of selected candidate pairs, 83 people (83%) stated "yes", while 17 people (17%) stated "no". Second, knowledge of politics. Percentage of voters attended political campaign activity, as many as 20 people (20%) stated "yes", while 80 people (80%) stated "no". Third, interest to participate in political activities. The percentage of voters whose interest to be a successful team, as many as 9 people (9%) stated "yes", while 91 people (91%) stated "no". Attitude and belief of a community of Rimbo Tengah Sub-district in Bungo District Election 2015, it is based on the results of research conducted that is concern for the progress of Bungo District with the percentage of community participation that chose because concern for the progress of Bungo Regency as many as 89 people (89%) stated "yes", while 11 people (11%) stated "no". In line with the findings discussed above, from the analysis of respondent's characteristic that factors influencing political participation in Pasir Putih Urban Village are knowledge about society environment, politics, and interest to participate in political activity and attitude and belief of someone to progress of region. For political party activists and political leaders, to provide more information that can be directly to the community through campaigns and deliver the vision and mission to be done if elected, so that people are confident with their choice.The KPU may conduct a good socialization activity so that the voters understand and know the candidate pairs to be elected.Keywords: Factors, political participation, Pilkada.

In the 1970s,Indonesiais one of thepoorest countries inAsia. In 1976, 54million people in Indonesia(40% of the population) belong to the categoryof poor. In1980-1990anperiodis a period ofhigh economic growth. High economicgrowthis closely linkedwithpoverty reductiondrasticallywhere the numberof poor peoplefell by almost50% from40millionto 22million peoplein 1981s/d1996.In the year2010 the numberof poor peopleamounted to31.02 million people, or about 13:33% andthe poverty ratein March2009 amounted to32.53million, or about 14:15% (BPS). LastBPS dataperSeptember 2013shows that there are28.59millionor11.66% ofthe totalpopulationinIndonesia.PovertyinIndonesia hasdecreasedsignificantlysincethe reformera. Acceleration ofpoverty reductionprogramsinIndonesiais donewithgoodsynergywork programsatnational and local levels. Poverty reduction programscurrently dividedinseveralclusters: Cluster(1) Direct AidSociety(BLM). Thisclusterincludes theSchool Operational Assistance(BOS), Community Health Insurance(Assurance), Ricefor the Poor(Raskin), Family Hope Program(PKH). Cluster1goalistoreducepovertyandimprove thequality ofhuman resources, especiallythe poor.Cluster (2) is the national community empowerment Program (PNPM) independently. The purpose of PNPM Mandiri is to increase prosperity and employment opportunities of the poor independently. Cluster (3) people's business credit (KUR) is a people's business credit is given to the poor without collateral to the community a certain amount. Purpose to provide and strengthening economic access for businessmen of small and micro-scale. An important aspect in strengthening is giving them freely to access of the poor to be able to try and improve the quality of life.In 2011 the Government carry out a Cluster of clusters of four. This Cluster includes: (1) the provision of the House very cheap, (2) a cheap public transport Vehicles, (3) clean water to the people, (4) enhancement of Life for fishermen, (5) improvement of Urban Edge Community Life. The 4 Cluster in the framework of poverty reduction and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), so the expected goal of the Millennium Development Goals (the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015 is reached. As it known that the millennium development goals (the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) is an attempt to meet the basic needs of the rights of man through a joint commitment between the 189 UN Member States to implement the 8 (eight) Millennium development goals, namely (1) tackling poverty and hunger, (2) achieve primary education for all, (3) encourage gender equality and the empowerment of women, (4) reduce child mortality, (5) improve maternal health, (6) fight against spread of HIVAIDS, malaria and other contagious diseases, (7) Living and Sustainability (8) global partnership in development. Eight of these targets as measurable goals for a single package of development and poverty reduction.In September 2000, the United Nations Millennium Summit, where world leaders agreed on eight development goals that are specific and measurable global called the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The first seven goals focus on eradication of extreme poverty and hunger, achieve universal primary education, promoting gender equality and empowering women, reducing child mortality; In September 2000, the United Nations improve maternal health, combat HIV-AIDS, malaria and other diseases, and ensuring environmental sustainability. Whereas the eighth goal calls for the establishment of a global partnership for development, with targets for aid, trade and debt relief.However approach the year 2015, global world will experience the transformation of the global development of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) into Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The shifting of the MDGs to the SDGs doesn't mean the goal contained in the MDGs fail is reached. Quite the contrary, many world records that reveal the success in various countries, there is a remarkable improvement experienced by the poor countries in the ranking of HDI (human development index) the lowest. In the last 40 years, the State- countries that are in the lowest rank of 25 percent experienced improved HDI to 82. The IMF report in the 2013 Global Monitoring Report also explain the positive trend in the achievement of the MDGs. reduction of half of the world's poor population, reduction of half of the population without access to clean water, the Elimination of gender inequality in primary education in 2015, and the improvement of life in a hundred million slums by 2020 was reached more quickly, i.e. in 2010. ADB, a number of countries in Asia also experienced progress in achieving the millennium development goals. The number of poor population has decreased significantly in Malaysia, Viet Nam and China. In Thailand and Malaysia, long-term policies to overcome poverty coupled with their concern for the environment has made the countries that are in the lowest rank of 25 percent experienced improved HDI to 82. The IMF report, these countries are on a sustainable growth path. But not so the case with Indonesia, a country with a diversity of biodiversity in forests is raining but the risorsis contained therein are not managed sustainably and fairly.Programme of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) will be forwarded to Suistanable Development Goals (SDGs). The MDGs will expire in 2015, but until now there has been no final draft which will forward the MDGs program. to that end, scientists and many quarters trying to deepen the concept of SDGs as successor to the MDGs. Keywords: Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), primary education, maternal health, clean water.