Suchergebnisse

The theatre has been for both Greek and Romans an essential element of a city and, at the same time, of being a citizen.As many researches are demonstrating these days, studying the theatres and their architectural and morphological features, as well as analysing their position and functions, can provide important data and clues about how communities saw themselves, which cultural network they were part of or shared characteristics with, to which extent they influenced or were influenced by other cultures.Therefore, given their ideological role, theatrical buildings seemed a valid hermeneutical instrument to understand the architectural culture of this territory as well as the political and social evolution of the communities which inhabited it. Thus, it seemed appropriate to adopt this approach to a region whose urbanistic and political evolution is still under constant debate, such as Epirus and Southern Illyria.The main aim of the research has been a re-interpretation of the data already published about the theatres chosen as a Corpus in the light of the most recent studies on the territory but also of important research themes that animate the scientific debate of the last decades. It is indeed possible to read those data in a new perspective taking into account historical, cultural, architectural and urbanistic contexts both from a diachronic and a geographic point of view. This approach has, in the end, made possible to review, clarify, update and interpret the available data about each theatre and to frame it into a wider, Mediterranean, context.In order to achieve this aim a complex database has been conceived that could include all the data mentioned above given some homogenous and common criteria. It is worth noticing, however, that the database has not been conceived only to manage a huge amount of data but also, to actually serve as a normative instrument for a better understandable and more homogeneous systematisation both of the data themselves and their relations with sources and modern studies.The review of the published information about theatrical buildings in Epirus and Southern Illyria, in the light of the above-mentioned systematisation, has consequently proved itself useful in order to propose a new perspective on the settlement dynamics, the monumentalisation and the cultural development of those regions.Eventually, it has been possible to conclude that the city and the theatre can't be separated, either in Epirus or in Southern Illyria, from the development of a Hellenistic realm that, at least at the beginning, has marked significantly the image of the territory. The constitution itself of the Aeacid monarchy, almost "contractual" regarding the different koina that kept a significant amount of administrative autonomy throughout the entire Hellenism, must have envisaged a regular presence of the king in each of the most important cities of the region. The monumentalisation, that we could call "processional", of a great number of urban centres, such as Byllis, Kassope or Phoinike, can be legitimately linked to the rise of Pyrrhus and the establishment of the so-called Great Epirus. Its therefore possible to identify, in this historical moment, the construction of a political conscience that we could define as entirely Mediterranean and that is largely expressed in the cultural, urban and architectural features we can observe in both Epirus and Southern Illyria.Even if the establishment of the polis as an administrative model has met some resistence in the region, the heritage of the pyrrhic era can be recognised in that cultural and political conscience expressed through the proper and traditional Hellenistic patterns which form a peculiar language that will eventually been adopted by Rome while imposing its power into the Mediterranean context. ; Le théâtre a été autant pour les Grecs que pour les Romains un élément fondamental de l'idée même de la ville et avec elle de l'être citoyen.Comme de nombreux chercheurs le démontrent aujourd'hui, étudier les théâtres apporte de nombreux éléments de réflexion et de nombreux indices quant à la façon dont les communautés se percevaient elles, les réseaux culturels auxquels elles appartiennent ou avec lesquelles elles partagent des caractéristiques, dans quelle mesure elles ont influencé ou étés influencés par d'autres cultures.Compte tenu de leur rôle idéologique, les théâtres semblent représenter un instrument herméneutique valide pour comprendre la culture architecturale d'un territoire tout comme sa politique ou l'évolution sociale des communautés qui y vivent. Ainsi il semble approprié d'avoir recours à cette approche dans le cadre de l'étude d'une région dont l'évolution politique et urbanistique prête encore à débat comme le territoire qui corresponde à l'Illyrie méridionale et à l'Épire.L'objet principal de l'oeuvre était de relire les données publiées relatives aux théâtres examinés en vue d'une étude du territoire dans son ensemble, tant du point de vue historique que culturel ou encore architectural-urbanistique, mais aussi dans une perspective diachronique et également géographique et prenant en compte, en dernière instance, les études les plus récentes tant sur le territoire que sur des aspects plus généraux liés à l'histoire, les institutions, le culte, l'architecture, les bâtiments de théâtre en général, l'urbanisme et la topographie. Cette approche a en fait contribué à la formulation de mises à jour, de clarifications, d'évaluations et d'interprétations à la fois au sein de chaque bâtiment et dans la vue d'ensemble plus générale du territoire et de son encadrement dans un contexte méditerranéen.Une base de données a donc été élaboré pour accueillir les informations essentielles de chaque bâtiment selon des critères homogènes et communs.Par ailleurs, il convient de noter que cette base de données a été conçue, avant tout comme un moyen de gestion de grandes quantités de données mais, encore pluscomme un outil normatif pour la systématisation de celles-ci en relation aux bâtiments de type théâtral.La révision des données publiées relatives aux bâtiments théâtraux de l'Illyrie méridionale et de l'Épire, leur systématisation selon un modèle commun et la relecture ou la clarification de certains éléments critiques, a permis de faire émerger quelques considérations générales et propositions de lecture des dynamiques de peuplement, de monumentalisation et de développement culturel qui ont caractérisé le territoire.Il a finalement été conclu que la ville et le théâtre ne peuvent pas être séparés, dans la région illyrienne-épirote, de la formation d'une monarchie hellénistique qui, du moins au début, réussit à donner une impression significative à l'image de la région elle-même. La constitution même de la monarchie Aeacide, presque « contractuelle », en rapport aux différentes koina qui conservaient une large autonomie administrative, devait prévoir une présence régulière du souverain dans les centres-villes les plus importantes. La monumentalisation presque « processionnelle » de nombreux centres urbains, tels que Byllis, Kassope ou Phoenicè peut, à juste titre, être mise en relation directe avec la naissance et la formation du Grand Épire de Pyrrhus. Il est donc possible d'identifier, à ce moment historique, la formation d'une conscience politique pleinement méditerranéenne qui est largement exprimée dans les événements culturels, urbains et architecturaux.Bien que le modèle de gestion territoriale basé sur la polis ait du mal à s'affirmer dans la région l'héritage de l'âge pyrrhique peut être retracé dans une conscience culturelle et politique exprimée par les méthodes traditionnelles et appropriées de l'hellénisme, une langue qui sera également adoptée par Rome dans son imposition sur la scène méditerranéenne.

The theatre has been for both Greek and Romans an essential element of a city and, at the same time, of being a citizen.As many researches are demonstrating these days, studying the theatres and their architectural and morphological features, as well as analysing their position and functions, can provide important data and clues about how communities saw themselves, which cultural network they were part of or shared characteristics with, to which extent they influenced or were influenced by other cultures.Therefore, given their ideological role, theatrical buildings seemed a valid hermeneutical instrument to understand the architectural culture of this territory as well as the political and social evolution of the communities which inhabited it. Thus, it seemed appropriate to adopt this approach to a region whose urbanistic and political evolution is still under constant debate, such as Epirus and Southern Illyria.The main aim of the research has been a re-interpretation of the data already published about the theatres chosen as a Corpus in the light of the most recent studies on the territory but also of important research themes that animate the scientific debate of the last decades. It is indeed possible to read those data in a new perspective taking into account historical, cultural, architectural and urbanistic contexts both from a diachronic and a geographic point of view. This approach has, in the end, made possible to review, clarify, update and interpret the available data about each theatre and to frame it into a wider, Mediterranean, context.In order to achieve this aim a complex database has been conceived that could include all the data mentioned above given some homogenous and common criteria. It is worth noticing, however, that the database has not been conceived only to manage a huge amount of data but also, to actually serve as a normative instrument for a better understandable and more homogeneous systematisation both of the data themselves and their relations with sources and modern studies.The review of the published information about theatrical buildings in Epirus and Southern Illyria, in the light of the above-mentioned systematisation, has consequently proved itself useful in order to propose a new perspective on the settlement dynamics, the monumentalisation and the cultural development of those regions.Eventually, it has been possible to conclude that the city and the theatre can't be separated, either in Epirus or in Southern Illyria, from the development of a Hellenistic realm that, at least at the beginning, has marked significantly the image of the territory. The constitution itself of the Aeacid monarchy, almost "contractual" regarding the different koina that kept a significant amount of administrative autonomy throughout the entire Hellenism, must have envisaged a regular presence of the king in each of the most important cities of the region. The monumentalisation, that we could call "processional", of a great number of urban centres, such as Byllis, Kassope or Phoinike, can be legitimately linked to the rise of Pyrrhus and the establishment of the so-called Great Epirus. Its therefore possible to identify, in this historical moment, the construction of a political conscience that we could define as entirely Mediterranean and that is largely expressed in the cultural, urban and architectural features we can observe in both Epirus and Southern Illyria.Even if the establishment of the polis as an administrative model has met some resistence in the region, the heritage of the pyrrhic era can be recognised in that cultural and political conscience expressed through the proper and traditional Hellenistic patterns which form a peculiar language that will eventually been adopted by Rome while imposing its power into the Mediterranean context. ; Le théâtre a été autant pour les Grecs que pour les Romains un élément fondamental de l'idée même de la ville et avec elle de l'être citoyen.Comme de nombreux chercheurs le démontrent aujourd'hui, étudier les théâtres apporte de nombreux éléments de réflexion et de nombreux indices quant à la façon dont les communautés se percevaient elles, les réseaux culturels auxquels elles appartiennent ou avec lesquelles elles partagent des caractéristiques, dans quelle mesure elles ont influencé ou étés influencés par d'autres cultures.Compte tenu de leur rôle idéologique, les théâtres semblent représenter un instrument herméneutique valide pour comprendre la culture architecturale d'un territoire tout comme sa politique ou l'évolution sociale des communautés qui y vivent. Ainsi il semble approprié d'avoir recours à cette approche dans le cadre de l'étude d'une région dont l'évolution politique et urbanistique prête encore à débat comme le territoire qui corresponde à l'Illyrie méridionale et à l'Épire.L'objet principal de l'oeuvre était de relire les données publiées relatives aux théâtres examinés en vue d'une étude du territoire dans son ensemble, tant du point de vue historique que culturel ou encore architectural-urbanistique, mais aussi dans une perspective diachronique et également géographique et prenant en compte, en dernière instance, les études les plus récentes tant sur le territoire que sur des aspects plus généraux liés à l'histoire, les institutions, le culte, l'architecture, les bâtiments de théâtre en général, l'urbanisme et la topographie. Cette approche a en fait contribué à la formulation de mises à jour, de clarifications, d'évaluations et d'interprétations à la fois au sein de chaque bâtiment et dans la vue d'ensemble plus générale du territoire et de son encadrement dans un contexte méditerranéen.Une base de données a donc été élaboré pour accueillir les informations essentielles de chaque bâtiment selon des critères homogènes et communs.Par ailleurs, il convient de noter que cette base de données a été conçue, avant tout comme un moyen de gestion de grandes quantités de données mais, encore pluscomme un outil normatif pour la systématisation de celles-ci en relation aux bâtiments de type théâtral.La révision des données publiées relatives aux bâtiments théâtraux de l'Illyrie méridionale et de l'Épire, leur systématisation selon un modèle commun et la relecture ou la clarification de certains éléments critiques, a permis de faire émerger quelques considérations générales et propositions de lecture des dynamiques de peuplement, de monumentalisation et de développement culturel qui ont caractérisé le territoire.Il a finalement été conclu que la ville et le théâtre ne peuvent pas être séparés, dans la région illyrienne-épirote, de la formation d'une monarchie hellénistique qui, du moins au début, réussit à donner une impression significative à l'image de la région elle-même. La constitution même de la monarchie Aeacide, presque « contractuelle », en rapport aux différentes koina qui conservaient une large autonomie administrative, devait prévoir une présence régulière du souverain dans les centres-villes les plus importantes. La monumentalisation presque « processionnelle » de nombreux centres urbains, tels que Byllis, Kassope ou Phoenicè peut, à juste titre, être mise en relation directe avec la naissance et la formation du Grand Épire de Pyrrhus. Il est donc possible d'identifier, à ce moment historique, la formation d'une conscience politique pleinement méditerranéenne qui est largement exprimée dans les événements culturels, urbains et architecturaux.Bien que le modèle de gestion territoriale basé sur la polis ait du mal à s'affirmer dans la région l'héritage de l'âge pyrrhique peut être retracé dans une conscience culturelle et politique exprimée par les méthodes traditionnelles et appropriées de l'hellénisme, une langue qui sera également adoptée par Rome dans son imposition sur la scène méditerranéenne.

The theatre has been for both Greek and Romans an essential element of a city and, at the same time, of being a citizen.As many researches are demonstrating these days, studying the theatres and their architectural and morphological features, as well as analysing their position and functions, can provide important data and clues about how communities saw themselves, which cultural network they were part of or shared characteristics with, to which extent they influenced or were influenced by other cultures.Therefore, given their ideological role, theatrical buildings seemed a valid hermeneutical instrument to understand the architectural culture of this territory as well as the political and social evolution of the communities which inhabited it. Thus, it seemed appropriate to adopt this approach to a region whose urbanistic and political evolution is still under constant debate, such as Epirus and Southern Illyria.The main aim of the research has been a re-interpretation of the data already published about the theatres chosen as a Corpus in the light of the most recent studies on the territory but also of important research themes that animate the scientific debate of the last decades. It is indeed possible to read those data in a new perspective taking into account historical, cultural, architectural and urbanistic contexts both from a diachronic and a geographic point of view. This approach has, in the end, made possible to review, clarify, update and interpret the available data about each theatre and to frame it into a wider, Mediterranean, context.In order to achieve this aim a complex database has been conceived that could include all the data mentioned above given some homogenous and common criteria. It is worth noticing, however, that the database has not been conceived only to manage a huge amount of data but also, to actually serve as a normative instrument for a better understandable and more homogeneous systematisation both of the data themselves and their relations with sources and modern ...

The theatre has been for both Greek and Romans an essential element of a city and, at the same time, of being a citizen.As many researches are demonstrating these days, studying the theatres and their architectural and morphological features, as well as analysing their position and functions, can provide important data and clues about how communities saw themselves, which cultural network they were part of or shared characteristics with, to which extent they influenced or were influenced by other cultures.Therefore, given their ideological role, theatrical buildings seemed a valid hermeneutical instrument to understand the architectural culture of this territory as well as the political and social evolution of the communities which inhabited it. Thus, it seemed appropriate to adopt this approach to a region whose urbanistic and political evolution is still under constant debate, such as Epirus and Southern Illyria.The main aim of the research has been a re-interpretation of the data already published about the theatres chosen as a Corpus in the light of the most recent studies on the territory but also of important research themes that animate the scientific debate of the last decades. It is indeed possible to read those data in a new perspective taking into account historical, cultural, architectural and urbanistic contexts both from a diachronic and a geographic point of view. This approach has, in the end, made possible to review, clarify, update and interpret the available data about each theatre and to frame it into a wider, Mediterranean, context.In order to achieve this aim a complex database has been conceived that could include all the data mentioned above given some homogenous and common criteria. It is worth noticing, however, that the database has not been conceived only to manage a huge amount of data but also, to actually serve as a normative instrument for a better understandable and more homogeneous systematisation both of the data themselves and their relations with sources and modern studies.The review of the published information about theatrical buildings in Epirus and Southern Illyria, in the light of the above-mentioned systematisation, has consequently proved itself useful in order to propose a new perspective on the settlement dynamics, the monumentalisation and the cultural development of those regions.Eventually, it has been possible to conclude that the city and the theatre can't be separated, either in Epirus or in Southern Illyria, from the development of a Hellenistic realm that, at least at the beginning, has marked significantly the image of the territory. The constitution itself of the Aeacid monarchy, almost "contractual" regarding the different koina that kept a significant amount of administrative autonomy throughout the entire Hellenism, must have envisaged a regular presence of the king in each of the most important cities of the region. The monumentalisation, that we could call "processional", of a great number of urban centres, such as Byllis, Kassope or Phoinike, can be legitimately linked to the rise of Pyrrhus and the establishment of the so-called Great Epirus. Its therefore possible to identify, in this historical moment, the construction of a political conscience that we could define as entirely Mediterranean and that is largely expressed in the cultural, urban and architectural features we can observe in both Epirus and Southern Illyria.Even if the establishment of the polis as an administrative model has met some resistence in the region, the heritage of the pyrrhic era can be recognised in that cultural and political conscience expressed through the proper and traditional Hellenistic patterns which form a peculiar language that will eventually been adopted by Rome while imposing its power into the Mediterranean context. ; Le théâtre a été autant pour les Grecs que pour les Romains un élément fondamental de l'idée même de la ville et avec elle de l'être citoyen.Comme de nombreux chercheurs le démontrent aujourd'hui, étudier les théâtres apporte de nombreux éléments de réflexion et de nombreux indices quant à la façon dont les communautés se percevaient elles, les réseaux culturels auxquels elles appartiennent ou avec lesquelles elles partagent des caractéristiques, dans quelle mesure elles ont influencé ou étés influencés par d'autres cultures.Compte tenu de leur rôle idéologique, les théâtres semblent représenter un instrument herméneutique valide pour comprendre la culture architecturale d'un territoire tout comme sa politique ou l'évolution sociale des communautés qui y vivent. Ainsi il semble approprié d'avoir recours à cette approche dans le cadre de l'étude d'une région dont l'évolution politique et urbanistique prête encore à débat comme le territoire qui corresponde à l'Illyrie méridionale et à l'Épire.L'objet principal de l'oeuvre était de relire les données publiées relatives aux théâtres examinés en vue d'une étude du territoire dans son ensemble, tant du point de vue historique que culturel ou encore architectural-urbanistique, mais aussi dans une perspective diachronique et également géographique et prenant en compte, en dernière instance, les études les plus récentes tant sur le territoire que sur des aspects plus généraux liés à l'histoire, les institutions, le culte, l'architecture, les bâtiments de théâtre en général, l'urbanisme et la topographie. Cette approche a en fait contribué à la formulation de mises à jour, de clarifications, d'évaluations et d'interprétations à la fois au sein de chaque bâtiment et dans la vue d'ensemble plus générale du territoire et de son encadrement dans un contexte méditerranéen.Une base de données a donc été élaboré pour accueillir les informations essentielles de chaque bâtiment selon des critères homogènes et communs.Par ailleurs, il convient de noter que cette base de données a été conçue, avant tout comme un moyen de gestion de grandes quantités de données mais, encore pluscomme un outil normatif pour la systématisation de celles-ci en relation aux bâtiments de type théâtral.La révision des données publiées relatives aux bâtiments théâtraux de l'Illyrie méridionale et de l'Épire, leur systématisation selon un modèle commun et la relecture ou la clarification de certains éléments critiques, a permis de faire émerger quelques considérations générales et propositions de lecture des dynamiques de peuplement, de monumentalisation et de développement culturel qui ont caractérisé le territoire.Il a finalement été conclu que la ville et le théâtre ne peuvent pas être séparés, dans la région illyrienne-épirote, de la formation d'une monarchie hellénistique qui, du moins au début, réussit à donner une impression significative à l'image de la région elle-même. La constitution même de la monarchie Aeacide, presque « contractuelle », en rapport aux différentes koina qui conservaient une large autonomie administrative, devait prévoir une présence régulière du souverain dans les centres-villes les plus importantes. La monumentalisation presque « processionnelle » de nombreux centres urbains, tels que Byllis, Kassope ou Phoenicè peut, à juste titre, être mise en relation directe avec la naissance et la formation du Grand Épire de Pyrrhus. Il est donc possible d'identifier, à ce moment historique, la formation d'une conscience politique pleinement méditerranéenne qui est largement exprimée dans les événements culturels, urbains et architecturaux.Bien que le modèle de gestion territoriale basé sur la polis ait du mal à s'affirmer dans la région l'héritage de l'âge pyrrhique peut être retracé dans une conscience culturelle et politique exprimée par les méthodes traditionnelles et appropriées de l'hellénisme, une langue qui sera également adoptée par Rome dans son imposition sur la scène méditerranéenne.

The theatre has been for both Greek and Romans an essential element of a city and, at the same time, of being a citizen.As many researches are demonstrating these days, studying the theatres and their architectural and morphological features, as well as analysing their position and functions, can provide important data and clues about how communities saw themselves, which cultural network they were part of or shared characteristics with, to which extent they influenced or were influenced by other cultures.Therefore, given their ideological role, theatrical buildings seemed a valid hermeneutical instrument to understand the architectural culture of this territory as well as the political and social evolution of the communities which inhabited it. Thus, it seemed appropriate to adopt this approach to a region whose urbanistic and political evolution is still under constant debate, such as Epirus and Southern Illyria.The main aim of the research has been a re-interpretation of the data already published about the theatres chosen as a Corpus in the light of the most recent studies on the territory but also of important research themes that animate the scientific debate of the last decades. It is indeed possible to read those data in a new perspective taking into account historical, cultural, architectural and urbanistic contexts both from a diachronic and a geographic point of view. This approach has, in the end, made possible to review, clarify, update and interpret the available data about each theatre and to frame it into a wider, Mediterranean, context.In order to achieve this aim a complex database has been conceived that could include all the data mentioned above given some homogenous and common criteria. It is worth noticing, however, that the database has not been conceived only to manage a huge amount of data but also, to actually serve as a normative instrument for a better understandable and more homogeneous systematisation both of the data themselves and their relations with sources and modern studies.The review of the published information about theatrical buildings in Epirus and Southern Illyria, in the light of the above-mentioned systematisation, has consequently proved itself useful in order to propose a new perspective on the settlement dynamics, the monumentalisation and the cultural development of those regions.Eventually, it has been possible to conclude that the city and the theatre can't be separated, either in Epirus or in Southern Illyria, from the development of a Hellenistic realm that, at least at the beginning, has marked significantly the image of the territory. The constitution itself of the Aeacid monarchy, almost "contractual" regarding the different koina that kept a significant amount of administrative autonomy throughout the entire Hellenism, must have envisaged a regular presence of the king in each of the most important cities of the region. The monumentalisation, that we could call "processional", of a great number of urban centres, such as Byllis, Kassope or Phoinike, can be legitimately linked to the rise of Pyrrhus and the establishment of the so-called Great Epirus. Its therefore possible to identify, in this historical moment, the construction of a political conscience that we could define as entirely Mediterranean and that is largely expressed in the cultural, urban and architectural features we can observe in both Epirus and Southern Illyria.Even if the establishment of the polis as an administrative model has met some resistence in the region, the heritage of the pyrrhic era can be recognised in that cultural and political conscience expressed through the proper and traditional Hellenistic patterns which form a peculiar language that will eventually been adopted by Rome while imposing its power into the Mediterranean context. ; Le théâtre a été autant pour les Grecs que pour les Romains un élément fondamental de l'idée même de la ville et avec elle de l'être citoyen.Comme de nombreux chercheurs le démontrent aujourd'hui, étudier les théâtres apporte de nombreux éléments de réflexion et de nombreux indices quant à la façon dont les communautés se percevaient elles, les réseaux culturels auxquels elles appartiennent ou avec lesquelles elles partagent des caractéristiques, dans quelle mesure elles ont influencé ou étés influencés par d'autres cultures.Compte tenu de leur rôle idéologique, les théâtres semblent représenter un instrument herméneutique valide pour comprendre la culture architecturale d'un territoire tout comme sa politique ou l'évolution sociale des communautés qui y vivent. Ainsi il semble approprié d'avoir recours à cette approche dans le cadre de l'étude d'une région dont l'évolution politique et urbanistique prête encore à débat comme le territoire qui corresponde à l'Illyrie méridionale et à l'Épire.L'objet principal de l'oeuvre était de relire les données publiées relatives aux théâtres examinés en vue d'une étude du territoire dans son ensemble, tant du point de vue historique que culturel ou encore architectural-urbanistique, mais aussi dans une perspective diachronique et également géographique et prenant en compte, en dernière instance, les études les plus récentes tant sur le territoire que sur des aspects plus généraux liés à l'histoire, les institutions, le culte, l'architecture, les bâtiments de théâtre en général, l'urbanisme et la topographie. Cette approche a en fait contribué à la formulation de mises à jour, de clarifications, d'évaluations et d'interprétations à la fois au sein de chaque bâtiment et dans la vue d'ensemble plus générale du territoire et de son encadrement dans un contexte méditerranéen.Une base de données a donc été élaboré pour accueillir les informations essentielles de chaque bâtiment selon des critères homogènes et communs.Par ailleurs, il convient de noter que cette base de données a été conçue, avant tout comme un moyen de gestion de grandes quantités de données mais, encore pluscomme un outil normatif pour la systématisation de celles-ci en relation aux bâtiments de type théâtral.La révision des données publiées relatives aux bâtiments théâtraux de l'Illyrie méridionale et de l'Épire, leur systématisation selon un modèle commun et la relecture ou la clarification de certains éléments critiques, a permis de faire émerger quelques considérations générales et propositions de lecture des dynamiques de peuplement, de monumentalisation et de développement culturel qui ont caractérisé le territoire.Il a finalement été conclu que la ville et le théâtre ne peuvent pas être séparés, dans la région illyrienne-épirote, de la formation d'une monarchie hellénistique qui, du moins au début, réussit à donner une impression significative à l'image de la région elle-même. La constitution même de la monarchie Aeacide, presque « contractuelle », en rapport aux différentes koina qui conservaient une large autonomie administrative, devait prévoir une présence régulière du souverain dans les centres-villes les plus importantes. La monumentalisation presque « processionnelle » de nombreux centres urbains, tels que Byllis, Kassope ou Phoenicè peut, à juste titre, être mise en relation directe avec la naissance et la formation du Grand Épire de Pyrrhus. Il est donc possible d'identifier, à ce moment historique, la formation d'une conscience politique pleinement méditerranéenne qui est largement exprimée dans les événements culturels, urbains et architecturaux.Bien que le modèle de gestion territoriale basé sur la polis ait du mal à s'affirmer dans la région l'héritage de l'âge pyrrhique peut être retracé dans une conscience culturelle et politique exprimée par les méthodes traditionnelles et appropriées de l'hellénisme, une langue qui sera également adoptée par Rome dans son imposition sur la scène méditerranéenne.

This paper concerns land use and peasant society relating to settlements, power, and state formation in Northern Europe in the period 500–1200 AD, combining archaeological and written evidence in spatial landscape studies. In the mainly rural society in the Middle Ages, political and economic power seems to have been based on control over land, including people, land, and estates. The king and his followers travelled between a limited numbers of royal villas, located in the coastal areas or by central rivers and important route-ways. Due to urbanisation and supra-regional state formation, this system gradually changed. Around 900–1100 AD, new towns were established as the main urban centres, which gradually became the king's residences and powerbase. During the High Middle Ages, the old rural manors and estates of the king were split into several units and donated to the king's secular allies and ecclesiastical institutions such as bishops, monasteries, and churches, often located in the towns.

Sommaire. - Pierre-Noe͏̈l Denieuil, Médiations identitaires.. - I. Après l'orientalisme ? Médiations, appropriations, contestations. - Thème sous la direction de François POUILLON. - François POUILLON, Après l'orientalisme ? Médiations, appropriations, contestations. Introduction.. - Jean-Claude VATIN, L'orientalisme retourné ?. - François POUILLON, L'orientalisme, mort ou vif ? Une histoire française.. - M'hamed OUALDI, Mamelouks « orientaux » contre Arabes dans la Tunisie du XIXe : conception et dépassement d'un mythe historiographique.. - Mimoun AZIZA, Un orientalisme « périphérique » : L'orientalisme espagnol face au passé arabo-musulman de l'Espagne.. - Baudouin DUPRET et Léon BUSKENS, Qui a inventé le droit musulman ? Une histoire des études occidentales de la normativité islamique et leur diffusion en Orient.. - Michèle SELLÈS LEFRANC, Transmission de savoirs autochtones en Algérie et littérature à l'épreuve du regard post-colonial.. - Claire B. NICHOLAS, Sur les traces des objets anthropologiques : le façonnement du patrimoine vestimentaire marocain.. - II. Sous l'empire de la nationalité (1830-1960). - Thème sous la direction de Noureddine AMARA. - Noureddine AMARA, Sous l'empire de la nationalité. Introduction.. - Yerri URBAN, La nationalité dans le second Empire colonial français.. - Noureddine AMARA, La nationalité des Touatis, un évènement à la mesure d'empire (1901-1830).. - Fatma BEN SLIMANE, Entre deux empires : l'élaboration de la nationalité tunisienne.. - Gregory MANN, Citizenship after Empire : Recognizing "French" West Africans in Sudan.. - Frederick COOPER, "Une nationalité superposée" : Being French and African in 1959.. - III. Formes territoriales, urbaines et architecturales au Maghreb aux XIXe-XXIe siècles :. - permanences ou ruptures ?. - Thème sous la direction de Charlotte JELIDI. - Vittoria CAPRESI et Charlotte JELIDI, Les formes territoriales, urbaines et architecturales au Maghreb aux XIXe-XXIe siècles : permanences ou ruptures ? Introduction.. - Lei͏̈la AMMAR, Modernité et transformations urbaines à Tunis dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle. L'exemple du quartier al-Jazira-al-Sadiqiyya, 1875-1900.. - Charlotte JELIDI, Des Protectorats aux états nations : « Tradition » et « Modernité » architecturales et urbaines en Tunisie et au Maroc, ou la systématisation d'un vocabulaire à des fins politiques.. - Zohra HAKIMI, Planification gestion urbaine de la ville d'Alger (1930-1984) : reprise et continuité des études ?. - François DUMASY, Acteurs et économie du développement urbain à Tripoli de la fin de la période ottomane à la fin de la colonisation italienne.. - Stefano ZAGNONI, Insediamenti urbani e rurali in nord-cirenaica, 1911-1942.. - Vittoria CAPRESI, Eredità e permanenze del colonialismo italiano in Libia. Continuità negli interventi urbani / architettura / simbolo.. - IV. Études. - Ahmed Salem OULD AL ARBI, Urbanisation planifiée et urbanisation spontanée : l'exemple de Nouadhibou - Mauritanie.. - Besma LOUKIL, La « spirale du déclin », dynamique des comportements incivils dans l'espace public : le cas des parcs et jardins dans la région de Tunis.. - Jean-Pierre CASSARINO, Hiérarchie de priorités et système de réadmission dans les relations bilatérales de la Tunisie avec les États membres de l'Union européenne.. - Isabel SCHÄFER, Mobilité, identité et transition : le potentiel de réforme des migrants voyageant entre l'Europe et l'Afrique du Nord.. - Myriam ERRAIS BORGES, La céramique de Qallaline, trésor du patrimoine culturel tunisien.. - V. Chroniques et opinions. - Pierre BLAVIER, Révolte du bassin minier de Gafsa en 2008 et révolution tunisienne de 2010, un même mouvement révolutionnaire ?. - François POUILLON, Marx, analyste des révolutions arabes ?

The urban environment has been facing multiple challenges, considering the social, political and economical forces which act within this realm. Indeed, various stakeholders have been debating over problems spread within the cites. The international community is aware about the needs to rethink the urbanisation model. Indeed, there is an high number of examples which show the necessity to bring new approaches, methods and processes in the cites' strategies and policies. In this paper we will briefly show experimentations, methods and solutions deployed according to the different realities. The digital revolution has a role in facing these challenges, since it is possible to exploit its new means in order to enhance the possible interaction between the urban actors. The service design method becomes fundamental for a different understanding of the urban reality where the technological aspect is intertwined with the social innovation aspect. This possibility gives the chance to investigate an innovative frontier allowing a new engagement and dialogue between public administrations and civil society. This leads to a different collaborative system among the various urban stakeholders, witch gives to citizens the opportunity to become active participants in the city's transformations and planning. UN-HABITAT is dealing with these digital challenges and is going to address them in the international conference Habitat III, which will be held in Quito in 2016. Various Urban Thinkers Campus (UTC) have been set up across the world as occasion to debate over the multiple experiences which will be enriching contribution during Habitat III. In this framework, the mission of the UTC in Palermo was to better understand the capacity of the combination of ICT and Service Design to reimagine cites, especially in less globalised contexts, debating the role of the key actors involved: urban communities, researchers, private businesses and local authorities.

Historically, the people of Mozambique have faced oppression and social spatial segregation and responded in a way that has reinforced rather than dismantled their traditional values. Since pre-colonial times, the population's strategy for escaping from environmental and foreign political disruption has been to reinvent tradition, based on the principles of resilience, resistance and self-reliance. The development of decentralised human settlements, involving the appropriation of land for domestic space and the self-organisation of neighbourhoods, were strategies to protect communities from adversity and secure collective self-reliance. Following Mozambique's conversion to globalization, the post-colonial 'cement city' is now the core of neo-liberalism, as a node of the global economy, where foreign donors and international market economy control national political economy, exacerbating the premise of the negation of self-sufficiency that continues to evolve resiliently at its margins. The adoption of a neo-liberal model of development during the 1990s, completely bypasses the realities of Mozambican society. This paper argues that the strategy of self-production of space regarding the household/Outdoor Domestic Space unit, which existed previously as a resistance strategy, first of all against colonialism and secondly, against the statist definition of socialism, thirdly, has become a successful strategy for survival, as the building block of the decentralised Agrocity, in the face of a global economy which totally neglects both the people and the land. Outdoor Domestic Space is a multifaceted space that refers to the external space surrounding the built house and which, in the case of Mozambique, is where daily life takes place, involving strong social, ecological and productive functions. Under successive periods of political economy oppression and environmental adversity, the Outdoor Domestic Space has been adapted and refined to ensure collective self-reliance. Shaping a green and ruralised urbanisation at the margins of the Mozambican post-colonial dualistic city, which I call the Agrocity, the Outdoor Domestic Space is resilient because it is able to adjust domestic space as a strategy to secure livelihoods, provide urban food, commerce and services, maintain vital kinship relationships and produce a comfortable and clean microclimate across the spontaneous neighbourhoods. This spatial resilience is the feature underlying the self-organisation of neighbourhoods with a new way of overcoming alienation from nature, which suggest the continuance of an innate relationship between society, the human habitat and nature. ; Historically, the people of Mozambique have faced oppression and social spatial segregation and responded in a way that has reinforced rather than dismantled their traditional values. Since pre-colonial times, the population's strategy for escaping from environmental and foreign political disruption has been to reinvent tradition, based on the principles of resilience, resistance and self-reliance. The development of decentralised human settlements, involving the appropriation of land for domestic space and the self-organisation of neighbourhoods, were strategies to protect communities from adversity and secure collective self-reliance. Following Mozambique's conversion to globalization, the post-colonial 'cement city' is now the core of neo-liberalism, as a node of the global economy, where foreign donors and international market economy control national political economy, exacerbating the premise of the negation of self-sufficiency that continues to evolve resiliently at its margins. The adoption of a neo-liberal model of development during the 1990s, completely bypasses the realities of Mozambican society. This paper argues that the strategy of self-production of space regarding the household/Outdoor Domestic Space unit, which existed previously as a resistance strategy, first of all against colonialism and secondly, against the statist definition of socialism, thirdly, has become a successful strategy for survival, as the building block of the decentralised Agrocity, in the face of a global economy which totally neglects both the people and the land. Outdoor Domestic Space is a multifaceted space that refers to the external space surrounding the built house and which, in the case of Mozambique, is where daily life takes place, involving strong social, ecological and productive functions. Under successive periods of political economy oppression and environmental adversity, the Outdoor Domestic Space has been adapted and refined to ensure collective self-reliance. Shaping a green and ruralised urbanisation at the margins of the Mozambican post-colonial dualistic city, which I call the Agrocity, the Outdoor Domestic Space is resilient because it is able to adjust domestic space as a strategy to secure livelihoods, provide urban food, commerce and services, maintain vital kinship relationships and produce a comfortable and clean microclimate across the spontaneous neighbourhoods. This spatial resilience is the feature underlying the self-organisation of neighbourhoods with a new way of overcoming alienation from nature, which suggest the continuance of an innate relationship between society, the human habitat and nature.

Historically, the people of Mozambique have faced oppression and social spatial segregation and responded in a way that has reinforced rather than dismantled their traditional values. Since pre-colonial times, the population's strategy for escaping from environmental and foreign political disruption has been to reinvent tradition, based on the principles of resilience, resistance and self-reliance. The development of decentralised human settlements, involving the appropriation of land for domestic space and the self-organisation of neighbourhoods, were strategies to protect communities from adversity and secure collective self-reliance. Following Mozambique's conversion to globalization, the post-colonial 'cement city' is now the core of neo-liberalism, as a node of the global economy, where foreign donors and international market economy control national political economy, exacerbating the premise of the negation of self-sufficiency that continues to evolve resiliently at its margins. The adoption of a neo-liberal model of development during the 1990s, completely bypasses the realities of Mozambican society. This paper argues that the strategy of self-production of space regarding the household/Outdoor Domestic Space unit, which existed previously as a resistance strategy, first of all against colonialism and secondly, against the statist definition of socialism, thirdly, has become a successful strategy for survival, as the building block of the decentralised Agrocity, in the face of a global economy which totally neglects both the people and the land. Outdoor Domestic Space is a multifaceted space that refers to the external space surrounding the built house and which, in the case of Mozambique, is where daily life takes place, involving strong social, ecological and productive functions. Under successive periods of political economy oppression and environmental adversity, the Outdoor Domestic Space has been adapted and refined to ensure collective self-reliance. Shaping a green and ruralised urbanisation at the margins of the Mozambican post-colonial dualistic city, which I call the Agrocity, the Outdoor Domestic Space is resilient because it is able to adjust domestic space as a strategy to secure livelihoods, provide urban food, commerce and services, maintain vital kinship relationships and produce a comfortable and clean microclimate across the spontaneous neighbourhoods. This spatial resilience is the feature underlying the self-organisation of neighbourhoods with a new way of overcoming alienation from nature, which suggest the continuance of an innate relationship between society, the human habitat and nature. ; Historically, the people of Mozambique have faced oppression and social spatial segregation and responded in a way that has reinforced rather than dismantled their traditional values. Since pre-colonial times, the population's strategy for escaping from environmental and foreign political disruption has been to reinvent tradition, based on the principles of resilience, resistance and self-reliance. The development of decentralised human settlements, involving the appropriation of land for domestic space and the self-organisation of neighbourhoods, were strategies to protect communities from adversity and secure collective self-reliance. Following Mozambique's conversion to globalization, the post-colonial 'cement city' is now the core of neo-liberalism, as a node of the global economy, where foreign donors and international market economy control national political economy, exacerbating the premise of the negation of self-sufficiency that continues to evolve resiliently at its margins. The adoption of a neo-liberal model of development during the 1990s, completely bypasses the realities of Mozambican society. This paper argues that the strategy of self-production of space regarding the household/Outdoor Domestic Space unit, which existed previously as a resistance strategy, first of all against colonialism and secondly, against the statist definition of socialism, thirdly, has become a successful strategy for survival, as the building block of the decentralised Agrocity, in the face of a global economy which totally neglects both the people and the land. Outdoor Domestic Space is a multifaceted space that refers to the external space surrounding the built house and which, in the case of Mozambique, is where daily life takes place, involving strong social, ecological and productive functions. Under successive periods of political economy oppression and environmental adversity, the Outdoor Domestic Space has been adapted and refined to ensure collective self-reliance. Shaping a green and ruralised urbanisation at the margins of the Mozambican post-colonial dualistic city, which I call the Agrocity, the Outdoor Domestic Space is resilient because it is able to adjust domestic space as a strategy to secure livelihoods, provide urban food, commerce and services, maintain vital kinship relationships and produce a comfortable and clean microclimate across the spontaneous neighbourhoods. This spatial resilience is the feature underlying the self-organisation of neighbourhoods with a new way of overcoming alienation from nature, which suggest the continuance of an innate relationship between society, the human habitat and nature.

L'impermeabilizzazione delle superfici determina un'alterazione del sistema idrologico, con un incremento dei volumi e dei picchi dei deflussi delle acque meteoriche. Il fenomeno è destinato a progredire, sia per il contributo che vi deriva dalla costante crescita delle superfici urbanizzate (urban sprawl), sia per i cambiamenti climatici in atto, che accentuano la frequenza delle piogge critiche. Una serie di misure e tecniche (Best Management Practices, BMPs) sono state sviluppate per la gestione sostenibile delle acque meteoriche urbane. Alcune BMPs (es: verde pensile, bacini di detenzione/ritenzione, zone umide) possono svolgere inoltre una funzione ecologica (divenendo habitat per specie animali e vegetali), di termoregolazione, estetica e di promozione del capitale sociale. È quindi necessario sperimentare metodologie di progettazione e gestione del verde urbano e periurbano, la cui multifunzionalità consente di perseguire la strada della sostenibilità ambientale. Su tale traccia, questo lavoro presenta un percorso metodologico orientato a valutare alcune strategie integrate di controllo dei deflussi urbani, attraverso l'aumento della permeabilità di alcune parti sensibili di città. Il verde, quindi, non è visto come semplice infrastruttura necessaria a soddisfare generici standard urbanistici, ma ne sono analizzate le funzionalità, in questa prima fase di carattere idrologico, ma che, in prospettiva, con la stessa armatura verde, esso può assumere un ruolo ecologico, sociale, di mitigazione del clima e di emissione di gas clima-alteranti. ; Urbanisation phenomena, associated with soil sealing, can lead to an increase in surface runoff, environmental pollution and ecosystems degradation with risks to human health and economic losses by floods. Then, new urban development strategies and land management models are essential. The European Union Water Framework Directive (2000) requires Member States to draw up efficient measures to ensure sustainable use of water resources. Several Best Management Practices (BMPs) were developed at this aim. BMPs are usually multifunctional structures (e.g. wetland and green roofs) that can provide suitable Habitat for species and bring to the maintenance of biodiversity, allow climate regulation by evaporation and adsorption of solar radiation together with aesthetic/amenity, recreational and educational benefits, enhancing the urban quality of life and social interaction. However, especially in Italy, the full integration of BMPs in territorial planning and urban (re-) design is not fully realized yet. The control of water quality and quantity has often been realized by isolated and localized interventions (e.g. detention/infiltration basins) without a "smart" and systemic project based on a holistic environmental sustainability concept. Through an application of a synthetic index for urban permeability assessment (RIE Index), this paper presents a systemic approach to urban green planning to reduce surface runoff in a pilot area of Bari city, increasing soil permeability and reducing hydraulic risk. This green and sustainable stormwater management approach would be able to furnish environmental benefits and services to the citizens, enhancing quality of life in urban contexts.

L'impermeabilizzazione delle superfici determina un'alterazione del sistema idrologico, con un incremento dei volumi e dei picchi dei deflussi delle acque meteoriche. Il fenomeno è destinato a progredire, sia per il contributo che vi deriva dalla costante crescita delle superfici urbanizzate (urban sprawl), sia per i cambiamenti climatici in atto, che accentuano la frequenza delle piogge critiche. Una serie di misure e tecniche (Best Management Practices, BMPs) sono state sviluppate per la gestione sostenibile delle acque meteoriche urbane. Alcune BMPs (es: verde pensile, bacini di detenzione/ritenzione, zone umide) possono svolgere inoltre una funzione ecologica (divenendo habitat per specie animali e vegetali), di termoregolazione, estetica e di promozione del capitale sociale. È quindi necessario sperimentare metodologie di progettazione e gestione del verde urbano e periurbano, la cui multifunzionalità consente di perseguire la strada della sostenibilità ambientale. Su tale traccia, questo lavoro presenta un percorso metodologico orientato a valutare alcune strategie integrate di controllo dei deflussi urbani, attraverso l'aumento della permeabilità di alcune parti sensibili di città. Il verde, quindi, non è visto come semplice infrastruttura necessaria a soddisfare generici standard urbanistici, ma ne sono analizzate le funzionalità, in questa prima fase di carattere idrologico, ma che, in prospettiva, con la stessa armatura verde, esso può assumere un ruolo ecologico, sociale, di mitigazione del clima e di emissione di gas clima-alteranti. ; Urbanisation phenomena, associated with soil sealing, can lead to an increase in surface runoff, environmental pollution and ecosystems degradation with risks to human health and economic losses by floods. Then, new urban development strategies and land management models are essential. The European Union Water Framework Directive (2000) requires Member States to draw up efficient measures to ensure sustainable use of water resources. Several Best Management Practices (BMPs) were developed at this aim. BMPs are usually multifunctional structures (e.g. wetland and green roofs) that can provide suitable Habitat for species and bring to the maintenance of biodiversity, allow climate regulation by evaporation and adsorption of solar radiation together with aesthetic/amenity, recreational and educational benefits, enhancing the urban quality of life and social interaction. However, especially in Italy, the full integration of BMPs in territorial planning and urban (re-) design is not fully realized yet. The control of water quality and quantity has often been realized by isolated and localized interventions (e.g. detention/infiltration basins) without a "smart" and systemic project based on a holistic environmental sustainability concept. Through an application of a synthetic index for urban permeability assessment (RIE Index), this paper presents a systemic approach to urban green planning to reduce surface runoff in a pilot area of Bari city, increasing soil permeability and reducing hydraulic risk. This green and sustainable stormwater management approach would be able to furnish environmental benefits and services to the citizens, enhancing quality of life in urban contexts.

La ricerca proposta si pone l'obiettivo di definire e sperimentare un metodo per un'articolata e sistematica lettura del territorio rurale, che, oltre ad ampliare la conoscenza del territorio, sia di supporto ai processi di pianificazione paesaggistici ed urbanistici e all'attuazione delle politiche agricole e di sviluppo rurale. Un'approfondita disamina dello stato dell'arte riguardante l'evoluzione del processo di urbanizzazione e le conseguenze dello stesso in Italia e in Europa, oltre che del quadro delle politiche territoriali locali nell'ambito del tema specifico dello spazio rurale e periurbano, hanno reso possibile, insieme a una dettagliata analisi delle principali metodologie di analisi territoriale presenti in letteratura, la determinazione del concept alla base della ricerca condotta. E' stata sviluppata e testata una metodologia multicriteriale e multilivello per la lettura del territorio rurale sviluppata in ambiente GIS, che si avvale di algoritmi di clustering (quale l'algoritmo IsoCluster) e classificazione a massima verosimiglianza, focalizzando l'attenzione sugli spazi agricoli periurbani. Tale metodo si incentra sulla descrizione del territorio attraverso la lettura di diverse componenti dello stesso, quali quelle agro-ambientali e socio-economiche, ed opera una sintesi avvalendosi di una chiave interpretativa messa a punto allo scopo, l'Impronta Agroambientale (Agro-environmental Footprint - AEF), che si propone di quantificare il potenziale impatto degli spazi rurali sul sistema urbano. In particolare obiettivo di tale strumento è l'identificazione nel territorio extra-urbano di ambiti omogenei per caratteristiche attraverso una lettura del territorio a differenti scale (da quella territoriale a quella aziendale) al fine di giungere ad una sua classificazione e quindi alla definizione delle aree classificabili come "agricole periurbane". La tesi propone la presentazione dell'architettura complessiva della metodologia e la descrizione dei livelli di analisi che la compongono oltre che la successiva sperimentazione e validazione della stessa attraverso un caso studio rappresentativo posto nella Pianura Padana (Italia). ; The research aims to define, test and validate a methodology for a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the countryside, suitable to broaden the knowledge of the rural landscape, and support the landscape and urban planning process and the implementation of rural development policies. An in-depth study of the state of the art concerning the evolution of urbanisation processes and their consequences in Italy and Europe, analysis of local and regional policies focused on rural and suburban areas, and of the scientific literature in the field of spatial analysis methodologies, have allowed the definition of the basic concept of the research. A multi-criteria and multi-level methodology for the analysis of rural areas has been developed in a GIS and tested on a case study. The proposed method is based on clustering algorithms and maximum-likelihood classification techniques, and focuses on periurban agricultural areas. The method allows to achieve an objective synthesis of the several variables selected and defined to cover various agro-environmental and socio-economic landscape components, by means of an innovative interpretative key, the "Agri-environmental Footprint (AEF)", which aims to quantify the potential impacts of rural areas on the urban system. The specific goal of the proposed methodology is to identify homogeneous extra-urban areas through their objective characterisation at different scales (from the territorial to the farm level), in order to classify the whole rural landscape, and in particular to identify peri-urban agricultural areas. The thesis presents the overall architecture of the proposed methodology and the in-depth description of its levels of analysis. The method is then tested and validated on a representative case study in the Po Valley (Italy).

This essay is part of the criminological debate on the factors which influence the fear of crime. A selection of explanatory hypotheses related to the fear of crime have been chosen (direct and indirect victimisation, disorder/incivility, vulnerability and sub-cultural diversity). The analysis, by means of a multiple linear regression, tests the validity of such assumptions. The findings of this first study on the fear of crime in Italian provinces seem to confirm all the hypotheses put forward, with the exception of victimisation (the levels of crime in a given area do not statistically explain the level of fear of crime).Apart from victimisation, all the other hypotheses seem to be confirmed in related literature and foreign research: one feels more insecure (more afraid) in ones local area not only because one is more afraid of being victimised (robbery, assault, muggings), but also because one perceives more signs of disorder; one feels more vulnerable; in ones community there are ever more foreigners with whom one is unable to communicate and who seem to behave in a deviant manner, thus raising the level of fear among locals, as such deviant behaviour does not abide by traditional local values. Furthermore, the extent of urbanisation seems to affect the level of security: living in an urban area reduces ones sense of security as it is in these areas that one perceives a higher level of social disorder and a reduced level of social control. On the contrary to such findings, areas in which the quality of life is higher show a positive impact on the fear of crime, thus reducing it. Regarding possible interventions to reduce the fear of crime, this study shows that the variables which have a significant influence on it derive from areas which are outside the reach and control of law enforcement agencies. Thus, in order to reduce the fear of crime, public authorities must implement joint actions by introducing a range of various policies on a local level. ; Il saggio si inserisce nel dibattito criminologico che discute dei fattori che hanno un impatto sulla paura della criminalità (fear of crime) e seleziona alcune ipotesi esplicative della paura della criminalità (vittimizzazione diretta e indiretta, disordine/inciviltà, vulnerabilità e diversità sub-culturali). L'analisi, attraverso una regressione lineare multipla, testa la validità di queste ipotesi. I risultati di questo primo studio condotto sulle province italiane sembrano confermare tutte le ipotesi testate ad eccezione di quella della vittimizzazione (i livelli di criminalità di un territorio non sembrano spiegare statisticamente il livello di paura della criminalità). Sembra invece trovare conferma quanto emerso dalla letteratura e da altre ricerche straniere sulle altre ipotesi: ci si sente più insicuri (o si ha più paura) nella propria zona non solo perché si è più preoccupati di subire un crimine di strada (aggressione o rapina) ma anche perché si vedono più segnali di disordine, perché ci si sente più vulnerabili (maggior tasso di persone anziane), perché nella propria città ci sono stranieri con i quali non si riesce a comunicare e i cui comportamenti danno fastidio o possono spaventare perché non in linea con il senso comune. Inoltre, il livello di urbanizzazione sembra incidere negativamente sui livelli di sicurezza: stare in un'area urbana fa sentire meno sicuri perché è lì che si concentrano i segnali di disordine e diminuisce il controllo sociale. A controbilanciare questa spinta negativa sono i livelli di qualità della vita di un territorio che sono direttamente proporzionali al sentirsi protetti dalla criminalità. Da un punto di vista degli interventi, questi risultati evidenziano come le variabili significative nel generare in/sicurezza riguardano settori al di fuori del controllo dell'ordine pubblico e che la riduzione della paura della criminalità sia un compito che impone l'azione congiunta di una pluralità di politiche locali del territorio.