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[EN] This paper considers the first stage of Nova Huta New Town built near Krakow in the 1950s. In contrast to UK and US new settlements of the post war period it is a high density apartment block development which was ignored in the literature for more than half a century because its design, based on a system of streets, is in contrast with contemporary forms of development, either low density garden city or higher density free standing apartment blocks. A discussion of its neglect and the recent rediscovery of its qualities, both in Poland and by exponents of the US New Urbanism (part of the Urban Morphology spectrum somewhat neglected by ISUF) leads to a systematic investigation of the development, its influences and how this project conceived in a radically different political and economic context, matches or departs from the tenets of the Charter for the New Urbanism. The extent to which the context has determined the differences leads to a conclusion discussing the enduring qualities and contemporary relevance of inherited urban forms. ; Agata Kantarek, A.; Samuels, I. (2018). Nowa Huta, Krakow, Poland. Old Urbanism, New Urbanism?. En 24th ISUF International Conference. Book of Papers. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1105-1114. https://doi.org/10.4995/ISUF2017.2017.6463 ; OCS ; 1105 ; 1114

Earth scientists now argue that the current geological era should be re-named the anthropocene to better reflect the impact of humans in reshaping planetary ecology. Urbanism encompasses the social, economic and political processes most closely linked to the rapid transformation of habitats, destruction of ecologies, over use of materials and resources, and the production of pollutants and carbon emissions that threaten planetary terracide. Consequently, the key concern for 21st-century global urbanism is to critically understand the wider societal and material implications of strategic responses to the pressures of climate change, resource constraint and their interrelationships with the global economic crisis. Eco-cities, eco-towns, eco city-states, floating cities and the like represent particular, and increasingly pre-eminent, forms of response. These types of response appear to promote the construction of ecologically secure premium enclaves that by-pass existing infrastructure and build internalised ecological resource flows that attempt to guarantee strategic protection and further economic reproduction. If this is so this raises difficult issues as to what is left for those outside of these privileged enclaves. The search for more equitable and just forms of response requires understanding what types of alternatives to such bounded and divisible ecological security zones could be developed that contribute towards the building of more inclusive collective planetary security. In this respect, the aim of this paper is to ask: what styles of urbanism do these transformations contribute to the production of, what are the consequences of these emerging styles and what alternatives to them are being constructed?

What if instead of designing our built environment around the concept of commuting to and from "work," we built around a concept of hana—and by extension ʻohana?

Plastic recycling is a critical informal economy in Dharavi, one of Asia's largest slums in the heart of Mumbai. Waste from dumping grounds is collected, sorted, and prepared by recyclers who transform trash into a commodity to be sold back into the city. As part of top-down efforts to redevelop Dharavi's valuable land, the Mumbai government has tarnished the industry's image, labeling it as "polluting", and has increased the cost of utilities such as electricity in an effort to drive it out of the community. As it becomes more expensive for recyclers to operate, the labor unions that organize the industry have devised a plan to build a recycling industrial park outside of Mumbai on cheaper and more open land. As the community is destabilized by the pressures of development, an important urban and architectural question arises: what happens to Dharavi and its people when one of its most important industries is driven out? This thesis examines the material and human geography of Dharavi's informal recycling economy. Extensive on-site investigations documented the recycling processes in detail. Plastic samples were collected, more than 1,200 individual spaces in the community's fabric were mapped, and aerial surveys were conducted. Dharavi's complex social and economic network was explored through interviews with a cross section of actors who traverse its dense streets: residents, ragpickers, business owners, politicians, police, union leaders, and local academics and researchers. The study revealed their pride in the industries, entrepreneurial spirit and strong community ties that bind Dharavi together, and uncovered the community's fear of misrepresentation through social media, poverty tourism, cinema, and public perception. Two crucial challenges facing architects working in an informal community are how to represent people and how to address their community identity when speculating on new construction in the voids created by inevitable change. This project grapples with the difficulty of documenting and portraying the Dharavi slum and its people through architectural representation. The goal is to propose a flexible design that allows for an array of bottom-up usages that might stabilize and reinforce Dharavi's economy amidst increasing pressure from the government and developers.

Hosted by the Union of Architects of Russia and City of Moscow Government, 'Moscow: Ecologies of Urbanism' was an invited public lecture to celebrate the author's contribution to urbanism in Moscow and Russia over the ten year period 2005-2015, culminating in the competition wins for the International Moscow Expansion Competition 2012/13, the Moscow River International Competition 2013/14 and the Public Realm Strategy for the City of Moscow 2014.

The paper proposes a short reflection on the commercial planning issue. Five points will be considered : a definition of the urban planning field, a presentation of the methodological problems, the underscoring of the five major current challenges (new balance city center - out of town, central areas revival, traditional unplanned shopping center maintenance (or revival), local and neighbourhood centers maintenance, out of town developments planning), the first steps towards a new commercial policy, the analysis of the connections between commercial planning and geography. ; L'article propose une réflexion en 5 points sur l'urbanisme commercial : une définition de l'urbanisme commercial, une analyse des méthodes, les 5 grands défis de la planification, les principes d'un bon aménagement urbain pour et par les commerces, les relations entre urbanisme commerciale et géographie ; Peer reviewed

¿Ha cambiado el concepto de ciudad en tan sólo 2400 años? Si la ciudad la componen los ciudadanos ¿son éstos distintos de los ciudadanos de las antiguas polis? Si el ciudadano es quien participa en las funciones de gobierno de su ciudad, ¿quién es ahora realmente, ciudadano? ¿Quién quiere serlo? y quién quisiera participar de dichas funciones, ¿cómo podría conseguirlo?En la sociedad actual se producen dos situaciones antagónicas que afectan al desarrollo de la ciudad, por un lado las administraciones, actuando orientadas al interés general, reconocen pero congelan las posibilidades de participar de la población en el urbanismo y la creación de ciudad; y por otro lado la sociedad se mueve y actúa al margen de las administraciones en la mejora de su entorno y sus condiciones de vida, desde las denominadas iniciativas urbanas. Cuáles son los motivos de esta situación y cómo hacer que ambos movimientos coincidan en la generación del denominado "Urbanismo Colaborativo", es el objeto de este trabajo.Abstract:Has the concept of city changed in only the past 2400 years? If the city is the one consisting the citizens, are these any different of the citizens ancient polis? If the citizen is one participating in his city's government functions, who is the real citizen now a days? Who wants to be one? Who wants to participate in those functions? How could someone acomplish that?In today's society, there are two antagonistic situations that are affecting the development of the city, on the one hand the administrations, acting orientated to the general interest, they recognize but freeze the possibilities that the citizens have of participating in urbanism and the creation of the city. And on the other hand, the society moves and acts outside of the administrations for the improvement of their environment and their living conditions, doing this from the named urban initiatives. What causes this situation and how to put together both movements and for them to agree in the generation of the named "Collaborative Urbanism" is the subject and what this study wants to acomplish.

This paper examines the patterns of Etruscan urbanism by the innovative use of newly available rural data, employing rank size, and indices of centralization. The detailed case study looks at the development of urbanism of pre-Roman Etruria where both robust and delicate urbanism were present alongside one another. To achieve this end, the paper will draw on the complementary features of two recent articles—Redhouse and Stoddart (2011) and Palmisano et al. (2018)—to provide a synthesis that both examines the large places and the supporting rural settlement. The territorial boundaries of the major urban places were predicted by the XTENT model in the first article. The cumulative numbers of rural settlement (and other proxies of population) over time were examined in the second article. This paper will look at the regional variation in landscape organization within the predicted territorial boundaries of the major robust centres and the more delicate transitory centres, as well as the buffer zones in between. At least three phases of boundary development can be examined, equivalent broadly to the Iron Age, Orientalizing/Archaic and Post Archaic periods, seeking to match these with the correspondingly dated rural settlement. The results will be critically examined in terms of broader knowledge of the economic and political development from current fieldwork in Etruria. The ethnographic analysis of Kopytoff (1989) will also be applied to assess the application of the internal African frontier to the central Italian context. In this way, the quantitative will be matched with the qualitative to provide a deeper understanding of urban development in an under-assessed example within the Mediterranean world.

This paper examines the patterns of Etruscan urbanism by the innovative use of newly available rural data, employing rank size and indices of centralisation. The detailed case study looks at the development of urbanism of pre-Roman Etruria where both robust and delicate urbanism were present alongside one another. To achieve this end, the paper will draw on the complementary features of two recent articles - Redhouse & Stoddart 2011 and Palmisano et al. 2018 – to provide a synthesis that both examines the large places and the supporting rural settlement. The territorial boundaries of the major urban places were predicted by the XTENT model in the first article. The cumulative numbers of rural settlement (and other proxies of population) over time were examined in the second article. This paper will look at the regional variation in landscape organisation within the predicted territorial boundaries of the major robust centres and the more delicate transitory centres, as well as the buffer zones in between. At least three phases of boundary development can be examined, equivalent broadly to the Iron Age, Orientalising/Archaic and Hellenistic periods, seeking to match these with the correspondingly dated rural settlement. The results will be critically examined in terms of broader knowledge of the economic and political development from current fieldwork in Etruria. The ethnographic analysis of Igor Kopytoff (1989) will also be applied to assess the application of the internal African frontier to the central Italian context. In this way, the quantitative will be matched with the qualitative to provide a deeper understanding of urban development in an under-assessed example within the Mediterranean world.

International audience ; The Khmer Empire (9th-15th centuries A.D.), centered on the Greater Angkor region, was the most extensive political entity in the history of mainland Southeast Asia. Stone temples constructed by Angkorian kings and elites were widely assumed to have been loci of ritual as well as habitation, though the latter has been poorly documented archaeologically. In this paper, we present the results of two field seasons of excavation at the temple site of Ta Prohm. Using LiDAR data to focus our excavations, we offer evidence for residential occupation within the temple enclosure from before the 11th century A.D. until the 14th century. A comparison with previous work exploring habitation areas within the Angkor Wat temple enclosure highlights similarities and differences between the two temples. We argue that temple habitation was a key component of the Angkorian urban system and that investigating this unique form of urbanism expands current comparative research on the diversity of ancient cities.

In the wake of post-Soviet privatization, Vilnius has embraced westernized models for growth and development. The city is changing rapidly in a backlash against Soviet planning practice and with an influx of funding from the European Union and private investment. City plans aim for sustainable growth and development while tackling the revitalization of Soviet-era residential districts and control of suburban sprawl. This paper examines how planning efforts in Vilnius can benefit from the principles of New Urbanism as the reach of these popular American planning fundamentals provide convenient remedies to challenges in the redeveloping city. Article in English.

In the wake of post-Soviet privatization, Vilnius has embraced westernized models for growth and development. The city is changing rapidly in a backlash against Soviet planning practice and with an influx of funding from the European Union and private investment. City plans aim for sustainable growth and development while tackling the revitalization of Soviet-era residential districts and control of suburban sprawl. This paper examines how planning efforts in Vilnius can benefit from the principles of New Urbanism as the reach of these popular American planning fundamentals provide convenient remedies to challenges in the redeveloping city. Naujojo urbanizmo potencialas besivystant Vilniaus miestui Santrauka.Augant postsovietinei privatizacijai, Vilniaus augimui ir vystymui taikyti vakarietiški raidos modeliai. Miestas keičiasi greitai, paneigdamas sovietinio planavimo praktiką ir išnaudodamas Europos Sąjungos ir privačias investicijas. Miesto planavimu siekiama darnaus augimo ir vystymosi sprendžiant sovietinių gyvenamųjų rajonų ir padrikos priemiesčių plėtros kontrolės problemas. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama, kaip Vilniaus planavimo srityje galėtų būti pasinaudota populiaraus amerikietiško planavimo – Naujojo urbanizmo principais kaip tinkama priemone, atitinkančia kintančio miesto iššūkius. Reikšminiai žodžiai: naujasis urbanizmas, aplinkos atgaivinimas, darni plėtra.

This study explores the socio-political shaping of Chinese smart urbanism by examining the power relations between the government (national and municipal), private firms and citizens embedded in smartmentality. Our exploration begins with teasing out key analytical standpoints of Alberto Vanolo's concept of smartmentality applied in neoliberal practices of smart urbanism. Through this analytical framework, we conceptualise Chinafied smartmentality and illustrate how it is actually playing out in China by undertaking documentary research and in-depth interviews from an inductive case study of the Smart Transportation System (STS) in the city of Shijiazhuang. We observe that the idea of Chinafication extends smartmentality with a focus on the power dynamic. We further argue that this Chinafied smartmentality implies uncritical technological solutionism that is state-steered in nature and citizen participation in digital platforms that is performed with limited roles and power of being included. The paper concludes by calling for future research on the critical examination of value co-creation for shaping a truly citizen-centric mode of governance in Chinese smart urbanism.

International audience ; Couverture : Camp de conteneurs en construction, quartier de Tempelhof (Berlin), mai 2017. Le camp a ouvert le 3 décembre 2017 et a une capacité de 1000 places. (Sophie Garcia, 2017) Ce dossier souhaite discuter des reconfigurations de l'action publique en ville aux prises avec l'informalité, dans le contexte spécifique des politiques migratoires contemporaines française et européenne. Depuis plusieurs années, en Europe, le long des routes migratoires, des villes deviennent des étapes où vivent et survivent des centaines, parfois des milliers de migrants 1 dans la rue ou dans des campements informels. Cette présence entraîne des déclarations et des actions des pouvoirs municipaux, d'acteurs associatifs et de collectifs citoyens, au-delà des seules stratégies étatiques (Furri, 2017). Le corpus d'articles prend appui sur des recherches conduites sur des centres et des camps d'hébergement formels et informels, et plus largement sur la question de l'accueil des migrants. Il étudie le déploiement de dispositifs dérogatoires ou de contournements au droit commun de l'urbanisme, les jeux d'acteurs s'y articulant, les registres de justification qui les sous-tendent et leur politisation. Partant 1 Le terme « migrant » est utilisé sans distinguer a priori les motifs de la migration ou le statut juridique, incluant donc demandeurs d'asile, réfugiés, travailleur migrant, personnes en situation irrégulière, etc.

International audience ; Couverture : Camp de conteneurs en construction, quartier de Tempelhof (Berlin), mai 2017. Le camp a ouvert le 3 décembre 2017 et a une capacité de 1000 places. (Sophie Garcia, 2017) Ce dossier souhaite discuter des reconfigurations de l'action publique en ville aux prises avec l'informalité, dans le contexte spécifique des politiques migratoires contemporaines française et européenne. Depuis plusieurs années, en Europe, le long des routes migratoires, des villes deviennent des étapes où vivent et survivent des centaines, parfois des milliers de migrants 1 dans la rue ou dans des campements informels. Cette présence entraîne des déclarations et des actions des pouvoirs municipaux, d'acteurs associatifs et de collectifs citoyens, au-delà des seules stratégies étatiques (Furri, 2017). Le corpus d'articles prend appui sur des recherches conduites sur des centres et des camps d'hébergement formels et informels, et plus largement sur la question de l'accueil des migrants. Il étudie le déploiement de dispositifs dérogatoires ou de contournements au droit commun de l'urbanisme, les jeux d'acteurs s'y articulant, les registres de justification qui les sous-tendent et leur politisation. Partant 1 Le terme « migrant » est utilisé sans distinguer a priori les motifs de la migration ou le statut juridique, incluant donc demandeurs d'asile, réfugiés, travailleur migrant, personnes en situation irrégulière, etc.