Suchergebnisse

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of many small battery powered nodes with wireless communication and sensing capabilities. This type of network has many possible applications in the scientific, military and commercial domains. Examples of these applications include environmental monitoring, surveillance and many others. Despite the fact that the main goal of the WSN is to monitor an area of interest, several primary objectives have to be achieved. The definition of self-localization system is one of these prerequisites required to make functional many of WSN applications that rely on location information. Therefore, we propose a self-localization system that is the ability of the nodes to self-conFig. among themselves to form a relative coordinate system. This system includes a special method that increases the longevity of the self-localization system according to changing energy situation in a dynamic WSN.

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of many small battery powered nodes with wireless communication and sensing capabilities. This type of network has many possible applications in the scientific, military and commercial domains. Examples of these applications include environmental monitoring, surveillance and many others. Despite the fact that the main goal of the WSN is to monitor an area of interest, several primary objectives have to be achieved. The definition of self-localization system is one of these prerequisites required to make functional many of WSN applications that rely on location information. Therefore, we propose a self-localization system that is the ability of the nodes to self-conFig. among themselves to form a relative coordinate system. This system includes a special method that increases the longevity of the self-localization system according to changing energy situation in a dynamic WSN.

The article introduces a source of military pedagogics in the beginning of Independent Lithuanian State's formation. The article discloses problems of soldiers training in the beginning of the XX-th century in Lithuanian Army, a contribution of a colonel-lieutenant Vaclovas Biržiška and a colonel Konstantinas Žukas to the military science. There in the article is also analyzed the point of view of these two authors to the young Lihuanian Army, the psychological and pedagogical basis of the army's formation, a connection of military pedagogics with the common pedagogics and other sciences.

The article introduces a source of military pedagogics in the beginning of Independent Lithuanian State's formation. The article discloses problems of soldiers training in the beginning of the XX-th century in Lithuanian Army, a contribution of a colonel-lieutenant Vaclovas Biržiška and a colonel Konstantinas Žukas to the military science. There in the article is also analyzed the point of view of these two authors to the young Lihuanian Army, the psychological and pedagogical basis of the army's formation, a connection of military pedagogics with the common pedagogics and other sciences.

The article introduces a source of military pedagogics in the beginning of Independent Lithuanian State's formation. The article discloses problems of soldiers training in the beginning of the XX-th century in Lithuanian Army, a contribution of a colonel-lieutenant Vaclovas Biržiška and a colonel Konstantinas Žukas to the military science. There in the article is also analyzed the point of view of these two authors to the young Lihuanian Army, the psychological and pedagogical basis of the army's formation, a connection of military pedagogics with the common pedagogics and other sciences.

The article introduces a source of military pedagogics in the beginning of Independent Lithuanian State's formation. The article discloses problems of soldiers training in the beginning of the XX-th century in Lithuanian Army, a contribution of a colonel-lieutenant Vaclovas Biržiška and a colonel Konstantinas Žukas to the military science. There in the article is also analyzed the point of view of these two authors to the young Lihuanian Army, the psychological and pedagogical basis of the army's formation, a connection of military pedagogics with the common pedagogics and other sciences.

On 27 September 2004, R. Paksas applied to the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter also referred to as the ECHR), asserting that Lithuania had violated his right to stand in elections of the President of the Republic or a Member of the Seimas. On 6 January 2011, the ECHR delivered a judgment in which it held that the prohibition for R. Paksas to stand in election to the parliament for any time in the future was disproportionate and that by establishing the said prohibition Lithuania had violated Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Lawyers have presented completely different opinions on how to implement this judgment of the ECHR: some of them maintain that there is no need to change the Constitution and that what needs to be done is only changing the Law on Elections to the Seimas and establishing a certain period therein, and, after this period is over, the person removed from office under procedure for impeachment proceedings would be able to stand in elections to the Seimas again, or not establishing any period in the law and not limiting the right of the person to stand in elections to the Seimas; other lawyers hold an opposite view: they assert that it is necessary to amend the Constitution, and as long as it is not amended, it is not allowed to establish in the Law on Elections to the Seimas that a person who was removed by the Seimas from office under procedure for impeachment proceedings would be allowed to stand in elections of a Member of the Seimas (even after the period established in the law is over, provided such a period is established in the law). In itself, the judgment of the European Court of Human Rights does not change and cannot change the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania and the concept of the provisions of the Constitution which were presented by the Constitutional Court. [.]

On 27 September 2004, R. Paksas applied to the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter also referred to as the ECHR), asserting that Lithuania had violated his right to stand in elections of the President of the Republic or a Member of the Seimas. On 6 January 2011, the ECHR delivered a judgment in which it held that the prohibition for R. Paksas to stand in election to the parliament for any time in the future was disproportionate and that by establishing the said prohibition Lithuania had violated Article 3 of Protocol No. 1 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Lawyers have presented completely different opinions on how to implement this judgment of the ECHR: some of them maintain that there is no need to change the Constitution and that what needs to be done is only changing the Law on Elections to the Seimas and establishing a certain period therein, and, after this period is over, the person removed from office under procedure for impeachment proceedings would be able to stand in elections to the Seimas again, or not establishing any period in the law and not limiting the right of the person to stand in elections to the Seimas; other lawyers hold an opposite view: they assert that it is necessary to amend the Constitution, and as long as it is not amended, it is not allowed to establish in the Law on Elections to the Seimas that a person who was removed by the Seimas from office under procedure for impeachment proceedings would be allowed to stand in elections of a Member of the Seimas (even after the period established in the law is over, provided such a period is established in the law). In itself, the judgment of the European Court of Human Rights does not change and cannot change the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania and the concept of the provisions of the Constitution which were presented by the Constitutional Court. [.]

The article analyzes the reasons of the long-term decay of the Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP) since 2010. The party ruled the country between 1994–1998 and 2002–2010 and was one of the strongest and most institutionalized political forces not only in Hungary but in the whole East-Central Europe. However, during the parliamentary elections in 2010, it suffered a crushing defeat by their main political opponents – "Fidesz," led by V. Orbán. The organizational development of these two parties is compared. Collected evidence reveal the significance of centralized party rule and efforts to organize civil society in shaping the intra-competition of the main Hungarian political parties.

The article analyzes the reasons of the long-term decay of the Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP) since 2010. The party ruled the country between 1994–1998 and 2002–2010 and was one of the strongest and most institutionalized political forces not only in Hungary but in the whole East-Central Europe. However, during the parliamentary elections in 2010, it suffered a crushing defeat by their main political opponents – "Fidesz," led by V. Orbán. The organizational development of these two parties is compared. Collected evidence reveal the significance of centralized party rule and efforts to organize civil society in shaping the intra-competition of the main Hungarian political parties.

The article analyzes the reasons of the long-term decay of the Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP) since 2010. The party ruled the country between 1994–1998 and 2002–2010 and was one of the strongest and most institutionalized political forces not only in Hungary but in the whole East-Central Europe. However, during the parliamentary elections in 2010, it suffered a crushing defeat by their main political opponents – "Fidesz," led by V. Orbán. The organizational development of these two parties is compared. Collected evidence reveal the significance of centralized party rule and efforts to organize civil society in shaping the intra-competition of the main Hungarian political parties.

The article analyzes the reasons of the long-term decay of the Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP) since 2010. The party ruled the country between 1994–1998 and 2002–2010 and was one of the strongest and most institutionalized political forces not only in Hungary but in the whole East-Central Europe. However, during the parliamentary elections in 2010, it suffered a crushing defeat by their main political opponents – "Fidesz," led by V. Orbán. The organizational development of these two parties is compared. Collected evidence reveal the significance of centralized party rule and efforts to organize civil society in shaping the intra-competition of the main Hungarian political parties.