Suchergebnisse

Social stratification or the widening of income gap between the rich and the poor becomes a serious predicament whenever Asian countries experience rapid urbanization and industrialization. The author explores the urbanization of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) and the vulnerable groups created by its processes, notably, a new urban poor sector comprised of spontaneous immigrant groups. Vulnerable groups, defined as "individuals or households who have unstable lives", account for the swelling urban population, high crime incidence and social unrest. A thorough study of these groups could positively transform government policies and the public mind-set toward them. Four conditions are described as vulnerability factors: 1) weak policies of the leading party and the government, 2)problems in the household, 3) risk and sudden changes, and 4) lack of social capital. To measure social poverty, the concep.s of vulnerability and vulnerable groups are introduced as a quid pro quo of the quantitative indicator poverty line (Pl). Urbanization, through the conversion of agricultural lands into industrial and commercial zones, alters the job structure of the rural sector. Rural farmers struggle to adjust to new social circumstances. Moreover, the poor are disenfranchised of their rights to affect the government's decision-making process. The phenomenon of "virtual urban planning" emerges, as huge urban projects remain unfulfilled because of social impediments.

"Vulnerable Groups During Crisis" published on by Oxford University Press.

"International Organization and Vulnerable Groups" published on by Oxford University Press.

The report focuses on services for minors, female and "queer" (lesbian, gay, bi- and transsexual, transgender, and intersexual, or LGBTTI) refugees, elderly or disabled, as well as traumatized persons. These groups – while comprising very heterogeneous living situations – are particularly vulnerable and thus in need of special protection or services. For example, they may require specific health services, while at the same time access to the health care system in Germany is restricted within the first 15 months of the stay. Therefore, legal provisions allow for additional services e.g. for elderly, disabled or traumatized refugees. Voluntary offers supplement these professional services. Moreover, unaccompanied minors are particularly addressed by German law, whereas children and youth entering Germany with their parents or a legal guardian are subject to the same treatment as their parents. Female refugees, in particular pregnant and breast-feeding women, are also subject to special protection provisions and services, many of which are provided by non-profit organizations (NPOs). The particular vulnerabilities of LGBTTI refugees have recently been recognized more strongly by law and administrative practice, also due to the lobbying activities of NPOs.

Carefully-researched and highly readable, this textbook looks at the experiences and health and social needs of key 'vulnerable groups'. It presents an engaging social science perspective relevant to everyone exploring how we, and society, care for the vulnerable

In early 1990s, Albania begins to make political and economic reforms toward democracy. Among others, reforms to improve the economy and to protect the rights of its citizens were of the immediate need, and they started to show improvements in Albanian society. However, the economic and social reforms in Albania are accompanied with an increase in the number of people who are considered at risk or outside the mainstream of the society. The treatment of social protection issues for vulnerable groups in Albania has not been systematically examined despite their vital importance to poverty reduction. In recent years, international development discourse has started to recognize more fully the importance of adequate social protection. There is no guarantee that social protection and equity issues will come higher up the agenda of the democratization of Albania, not least because the international institutional context in which they are being developed which historically has not prioritized social protection. While civil society involvement has varied substantially, civil actors are often some of the strongest advocates of inclusive and equitable development policies, including adequate social protection in Albania. At the end, this paper is primarily based on documents of state institutions and international organisms working in Albania.