Suchergebnisse

The research reviewed in this paper establishes that the VAT system generates heavy administrative burdens for small firms in Europe despite various measures taken to alleviate them. A possible solution would be to abolish VAT charges between registered traders which would, in effect, convert the tax into a sales tax. The conclusion is that such a change would necessitate modification of the 6th Directive on VAT. The other alternative might be to compensate small firms for their work as unpaid tax collectors.

Has the VAT proved, as its proponents claim, an especially effective form of taxation? To address this, this paper first shows that a tax innovation-such as the introduction of a VAT- reduces the marginal cost of public funds if and only if it also leads an optimizing government to increase the tax ratio. This leads to the estimation, on a large panel, of a system of equations describing the probability of VAT adoption and the revenue impact of the VAT. The sign of the revenue impact is generally ambiguous, but most countries that have adopted a VAT seem to have gained a more effective tax ins

Part I: General principles of VAT -- Nature and origins of value added tax -- The interrelationship between EU and national VAT legislation -- Field of application of VAT -- Part II: The internal system -- Taxable persons -- Taxable transactions -- The place of taxable transactions -- Chargeable event and chargeability of tax -- Taxable amount / Tarlochan Lall -- Rates of tax -- Exemptions -- Input tax deduction -- Part III: Taxation of intra-community and export trade -- Intra-community trade in goods / Tarlochan Lall -- Intra-community trade in services / Tarlochan Lall -- Supplies outside the EU / Tarlochan Lall -- VAT and EU customs duty / Tarlochan Lall -- Part IV: Special sectors -- Special schemes -- Simplification measures -- Immovable property / Tarlochan Lall -- Financial services and insurance -- Charities and local authorities / Hui Ling McCarthy and Edward Hellier -- Internet transactions, telecommunications / Hui Ling McCarthy and Sarah Black -- Part V: Accounting and enforcement -- Accounting for VAT -- Administrative cooperation between taxing authorities.

Ghana's Parliament enacted a value‐added tax (VAT) in December 1994, with collection to begin on March 1, 1995. The short preparation period proved fatal for the tax. However, the nation's fiscal problems continue and the government is resolved to reintroduce the tax in 1998. This article reviews the structure of the failed tax, showing how it would have been a more effective general consumption tax than the system it would have replaced, examines the reasons for its untimely demise, and considers prospects for a successful reintroduction of the tax. Ghana's experience with the VAT can hold important lessons for countries contemplating the introduction of such a tax.

Abstract: VAT is a general consumption tax assessed on the value added to goods and services. This new system of taxation was introduced by the government for helping common people, traders, industrialists and also for the collection of the actual revenue from the traders and consumers. VAT system had removed double taxation and reduced the tax burden of the consumers and hence provided uniformity of tax system followed in different states across the country. VAT which was introduced as a taxation system has had multiple effects on the economy such as state government, manufacturer, stockist, retailer and most importantly the consumer. Here an attempt is made in this paper to study the effect of implementation of VAT in Indian Context. The investigation has been done with the help of primary data collected from Consumers and Traders on a random basis. The study found that the total tax revenue collected by the state governments has shown a drastic increase of nearly 100% in the post VAT introduction years.