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International audience ; How can the study of sound and music help us to understand collective violence and war? How can the study of war and collective violence help us to understand the importance of musical practices and listening for human beings? This special issue of Transposition explores these questions through an analysis of the links between sound, music and violence. ; De quelle façon l'étude du son et de la musique peut-elle aider à comprendre la violence collective et la guerre ? Comment l'étude de la guerre et de la violence collective peut-elle aider à comprendre l'importance des pratiques musicales et de l'écoute pour les êtres humains ? Ce numéro hors-série de Transposition propose d'explorer ces questions à partir de l'analyse des liens entre son, musique et violence.

En este artículo se reflexiona críticamente el uso de la noción de violencia cuyo efecto discursivo más grave es oscurecer el lema de que la violencia no es lo contrario de lo "natural" sino una fuerza de intervención necesaria para oponerse precisamente al ejercicio del poder. Ejercicio que sin duda es igualmente violento en su sentido originario de institución de lo estatal y conservador (pues hay permanencia de los aparatos de poder tras el origen). ; In the present paper it is developed a critical reflection on the use of the term violence in which its primarily effect obscured the lemma that violence is not the opposite of the "natural" but an intervention forcé which opposed the acts of power. Action similarly violent in the sense of Institution and equally conservative (there is permanence of power in the origins).

International audience ; This article aims to examine certain psychoanalytical theories of domestic violence, confronting them to a clinical experience with abused women in suburban Sao Paulo. This perspective relies on a correspondence between the psyche and the social context. Research, clinical experience and theory are narrowly linked in psychoanalysis, which, more than a mere theory, proves to be a method applied to an objet, the Unconscious, made positive only through the psychoanalytical research and technique. This article purports to analyse how a psychoanalytical theory of domestic violence could account for the specific social-historic dimension of this phenomenon. Some psychoanalytical interpretations literalize or imaginarize Freudien and Lacanien texts, through notions of essentialized feminine masochism or a reductive reading of the phallus. Domestic violence against women questions in a new way the historicity of theory, its social, cultural and political definitions. These are issues along which Gender Studies address psychoanalysis. Taking into account the clinical and historical signification of domestic violence may help avoiding that frozen an-historical metapsychology become a paradoxical resistance against psychoanalysis. ; Cet article a pour visée d'analyser certaines théorisations psychanalytiques de la violence conjugale, à la lumière d'une expérience clinique auprès de femmes souffrant de violences conjugales dans la banlieue de São Paulo. Cette recherche s'inscrit dans une étude mettant en correspondance la psyché et le champ social. Traduisant une indissociabilité entre recherche, clinique et théorisation, la psychanalyse n'est point d'abord une théorie mais une méthode liée à un objet, l'inconscient, rendu positif par une procédure de recherche et une technique. Comment penser alors une théorisation susceptible de rendre compte de la singularité social-historique de la violence conjugale contre les femmes ? Littéralisant ou imaginarisant des textes freudiens ou lacaniens, bien des ...

International audience ; This article aims to examine certain psychoanalytical theories of domestic violence, confronting them to a clinical experience with abused women in suburban Sao Paulo. This perspective relies on a correspondence between the psyche and the social context. Research, clinical experience and theory are narrowly linked in psychoanalysis, which, more than a mere theory, proves to be a method applied to an objet, the Unconscious, made positive only through the psychoanalytical research and technique. This article purports to analyse how a psychoanalytical theory of domestic violence could account for the specific social-historic dimension of this phenomenon. Some psychoanalytical interpretations literalize or imaginarize Freudien and Lacanien texts, through notions of essentialized feminine masochism or a reductive reading of the phallus. Domestic violence against women questions in a new way the historicity of theory, its social, cultural and political definitions. These are issues along which Gender Studies address psychoanalysis. Taking into account the clinical and historical signification of domestic violence may help avoiding that frozen an-historical metapsychology become a paradoxical resistance against psychoanalysis. ; Cet article a pour visée d'analyser certaines théorisations psychanalytiques de la violence conjugale, à la lumière d'une expérience clinique auprès de femmes souffrant de violences conjugales dans la banlieue de São Paulo. Cette recherche s'inscrit dans une étude mettant en correspondance la psyché et le champ social. Traduisant une indissociabilité entre recherche, clinique et théorisation, la psychanalyse n'est point d'abord une théorie mais une méthode liée à un objet, l'inconscient, rendu positif par une procédure de recherche et une technique. Comment penser alors une théorisation susceptible de rendre compte de la singularité social-historique de la violence conjugale contre les femmes ? Littéralisant ou imaginarisant des textes freudiens ou lacaniens, bien des ...

On October 10, 2006, in a report to the General Assembly of the United Nations, Secretary- General Kofi Annan presented an in-depth study on all forms of violence against women. According to the report, "at least one out of three women experienced violence at some stage in their lives"; violence against women is thus not a characteristic of some countries. It is a global problem and "a serious public policy problem in all stable democracies," according to Weldon. For example, in France, the human rights organization Amnesty International reports, "one out of ten women is victim of domestic violence." Official data indicate that perpetrators of domestic violence kill on average one woman every three days in France. Violence against women, as spelled out in Article 1 of the 1993 United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women, refers to acts – happening specifically to women because they are women – that restrict, impair, or nullify women's ability to exercise their equal rights and freedoms as citizens, that is, threats, coercion, and arbitrary deprivations of liberty that "result in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women" whether it happens "in public or private life."

"A staff report not a report of the Commission."--Cover. ; "A staff report to the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence."--Cover. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Gender and violence intersected in ancient Egypt in many ways. In general, the ancient Egyptian gender system privileged men and the masculine. Exceptions to this were status dependent. Gendered patterns of violence are evident in cases of mistreatment of women through beating and rape. War-related royal texts used gendered language to frame enemies as feminine and place them lower on the hierarchy vis-à-vis the pharaoh. Enemies were also feminized in visual representations such as temple reliefs. The symbolic violence of gendered language also served to establish indigenous gender hierarchies. Although there is evidence that some Egyptian queens and female rulers organized military operations, there is no evidence for the participation of women in war. In contrast, some goddesses had a strong affiliation with war and violence and were frequently associated with the pharaoh in this regard.

Gender and violence intersected in ancient Egypt in many ways. In general, the ancient Egyptian gender system privileged men and the masculine. Exceptions to this were status dependent. Gendered patterns of violence are evident in cases of mistreatment of women through beating and rape. War-related royal texts used gendered language to frame enemies as feminine and place them lower on the hierarchy vis-à-vis the pharaoh. Enemies were also feminized in visual representations such as temple reliefs. The symbolic violence of gendered language also served to establish indigenous gender hierarchies. Although there is evidence that some Egyptian queens and female rulers organized military operations, there is no evidence for the participation of women in war. In contrast, some goddesses had a strong affiliation with war and violence and were frequently associated with the pharaoh in this regard.

Violence is a confounding concept. It frequently defies explanation and lacks an agreed upon definition. Yet geographers are well positioned to bring greater conceptual clarity to violence by thinking through its intersections with space. In setting the tone for this special issue on Violence and Space we highlight some of the key lines of flight that have shaped geographical thinking on violence. While there are a significant number of geographers interested in the question of violence, the field of 'geographies of violence' remains an emerging area of research that deserves greater attention and a more rigorous examination. By emphasizing the spatiality of violence, this special issue aims to contribute to a more sustained conversation on the violent geographies that shape our daily lives, our encounters with institutions, and the various structures that configure our social organization. This introduction is but an initial sketch of what we believe needs to be a much larger and unfolding research agenda dedicated to understanding violence from a geographical perspective. ; Departmentof Geography, Universityof Victoria

International audience ; This article proposes a social and political translation study that focuses on the circulation and methods of circulation (translation, re-use, re-analysis, .) of the categories of violence adopted by the multidisciplinary field studying intimate partner violence (IPV). Questioning gender prejudices conveyed in French translations or re-uses of categorizations produced by two American feminist sociologists, Johnson (2006) and Renzetti (1992), the article proposes a linguistic and semantic explanation. This study confirms that their translations or reuses carry traces of gender prejudices that we can often attribute to those who translate if not to the authors. Thus, the terms lesbian violence, intimate partner violence or symmetry of violence used in the translations or reuses of these texts are not neutral but convey the idea of a masculine or lesbian essentialization of violence, or of a vertical or horizontal complementarity between men and women in violence, which is denounced by the feminist perspectives used by Johnson and Renzetti. ; Cet article propose une traductologie politique qui s'attarde sur la circulation des typologies de violences adoptées par le champ d'étude pluridisciplinaire des violences par partenaires intimes (VPI), et sur les méthodes de cette circulation (traductions, ré́-analyses, .). Interrogeant les préjugés de genre véhiculés dans les traductions ou réutilisations francophones de ces catégorisations génériques produites par deux sociologues féministes états-uniennes, Michael Johnson (2006) et Claire Renzetti (1992), l'article en propose une explicitation linguistique et sémantique. Cette étude confirme que leurs traductions ou réutilisations charrient des traces d'impensés ou préjugés de genre, souvent imputables à ceux et celles qui traduisent, si ce n'est aux auteur·ice·s. Ainsi les termes de violence lesbienne, du partenaire intime ou symétrie des violences, mobilisés dans les traductions ou réutilisations de ces textes, ne sont pas neutres mais véhiculent l'idée d'une essentialisation masculine ou lesbienne de la violence et d'une symétrie genrée des violences, ce qui est justement remis en question par les grilles d'analyse de Johnson et Renzetti.

International audience ; This article proposes a social and political translation study that focuses on the circulation and methods of circulation (translation, re-use, re-analysis, .) of the categories of violence adopted by the multidisciplinary field studying intimate partner violence (IPV). Questioning gender prejudices conveyed in French translations or re-uses of categorizations produced by two American feminist sociologists, Johnson (2006) and Renzetti (1992), the article proposes a linguistic and semantic explanation. This study confirms that their translations or reuses carry traces of gender prejudices that we can often attribute to those who translate if not to the authors. Thus, the terms lesbian violence, intimate partner violence or symmetry of violence used in the translations or reuses of these texts are not neutral but convey the idea of a masculine or lesbian essentialization of violence, or of a vertical or horizontal complementarity between men and women in violence, which is denounced by the feminist perspectives used by Johnson and Renzetti. ; Cet article propose une traductologie politique qui s'attarde sur la circulation des typologies de violences adoptées par le champ d'étude pluridisciplinaire des violences par partenaires intimes (VPI), et sur les méthodes de cette circulation (traductions, ré́-analyses, .). Interrogeant les préjugés de genre véhiculés dans les traductions ou réutilisations francophones de ces catégorisations génériques produites par deux sociologues féministes états-uniennes, Michael Johnson (2006) et Claire Renzetti (1992), l'article en propose une explicitation linguistique et sémantique. Cette étude confirme que leurs traductions ou réutilisations charrient des traces d'impensés ou préjugés de genre, souvent imputables à ceux et celles qui traduisent, si ce n'est aux auteur·ice·s. Ainsi les termes de violence lesbienne, du partenaire intime ou symétrie des violences, mobilisés dans les traductions ou réutilisations de ces textes, ne sont pas neutres mais véhiculent l'idée d'une essentialisation masculine ou lesbienne de la violence et d'une symétrie genrée des violences, ce qui est justement remis en question par les grilles d'analyse de Johnson et Renzetti.

International audience ; This article proposes a social and political translation study that focuses on the circulation and methods of circulation (translation, re-use, re-analysis, .) of the categories of violence adopted by the multidisciplinary field studying intimate partner violence (IPV). Questioning gender prejudices conveyed in French translations or re-uses of categorizations produced by two American feminist sociologists, Johnson (2006) and Renzetti (1992), the article proposes a linguistic and semantic explanation. This study confirms that their translations or reuses carry traces of gender prejudices that we can often attribute to those who translate if not to the authors. Thus, the terms lesbian violence, intimate partner violence or symmetry of violence used in the translations or reuses of these texts are not neutral but convey the idea of a masculine or lesbian essentialization of violence, or of a vertical or horizontal complementarity between men and women in violence, which is denounced by the feminist perspectives used by Johnson and Renzetti. ; Cet article propose une traductologie politique qui s'attarde sur la circulation des typologies de violences adoptées par le champ d'étude pluridisciplinaire des violences par partenaires intimes (VPI), et sur les méthodes de cette circulation (traductions, ré́-analyses, .). Interrogeant les préjugés de genre véhiculés dans les traductions ou réutilisations francophones de ces catégorisations génériques produites par deux sociologues féministes états-uniennes, Michael Johnson (2006) et Claire Renzetti (1992), l'article en propose une explicitation linguistique et sémantique. Cette étude confirme que leurs traductions ou réutilisations charrient des traces d'impensés ou préjugés de genre, souvent imputables à ceux et celles qui traduisent, si ce n'est aux auteur·ice·s. Ainsi les termes de violence lesbienne, du partenaire intime ou symétrie des violences, mobilisés dans les traductions ou réutilisations de ces textes, ne sont pas neutres mais véhiculent l'idée d'une essentialisation masculine ou lesbienne de la violence et d'une symétrie genrée des violences, ce qui est justement remis en question par les grilles d'analyse de Johnson et Renzetti.

International audience ; This article proposes a social and political translation study that focuses on the circulation and methods of circulation (translation, re-use, re-analysis, .) of the categories of violence adopted by the multidisciplinary field studying intimate partner violence (IPV). Questioning gender prejudices conveyed in French translations or re-uses of categorizations produced by two American feminist sociologists, Johnson (2006) and Renzetti (1992), the article proposes a linguistic and semantic explanation. This study confirms that their translations or reuses carry traces of gender prejudices that we can often attribute to those who translate if not to the authors. Thus, the terms lesbian violence, intimate partner violence or symmetry of violence used in the translations or reuses of these texts are not neutral but convey the idea of a masculine or lesbian essentialization of violence, or of a vertical or horizontal complementarity between men and women in violence, which is denounced by the feminist perspectives used by Johnson and Renzetti. ; Cet article propose une traductologie politique qui s'attarde sur la circulation des typologies de violences adoptées par le champ d'étude pluridisciplinaire des violences par partenaires intimes (VPI), et sur les méthodes de cette circulation (traductions, ré́-analyses, .). Interrogeant les préjugés de genre véhiculés dans les traductions ou réutilisations francophones de ces catégorisations génériques produites par deux sociologues féministes états-uniennes, Michael Johnson (2006) et Claire Renzetti (1992), l'article en propose une explicitation linguistique et sémantique. Cette étude confirme que leurs traductions ou réutilisations charrient des traces d'impensés ou préjugés de genre, souvent imputables à ceux et celles qui traduisent, si ce n'est aux auteur·ice·s. Ainsi les termes de violence lesbienne, du partenaire intime ou symétrie des violences, mobilisés dans les traductions ou réutilisations de ces textes, ne sont pas neutres mais ...

The benefits of winning elections, and the disadvantages of losing them, must be reduced to avoid the violence that a winner-takes-all situation can trigger. Election observers should pay more attention to subtle forms of violence, intra-party tensions and incumbents playing the security card to justify increased use of force. This policy note considers how to curb the increase of violence in African elections. ; This policy note is based on the book Violence in African Elections , edited by Mimmi Söderberg Kovacs and Jesper Bjarnesen (http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:nai:diva-2185). It is a collection of eleven case studies from different Sub-Saharan countries, offering a comprehensive examination of the causes of Africa's violent electoral clashes, and the consequences for African democratization and peace-keeping.

This research report by Trinity FLAC was conducted in association with the Rape Crisis Network. The report provides an overview of sexual violence in Ireland, taking a holistic approach that examines the societal values and political realities which surround the law as much as the law itself.?