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"In recent years, political scientists and journalists have taken a great interest in the question of whether the American electorate is "sorting" into communities based on partisan affiliation. That is, there is concern that American communities are becoming increasingly politically homogenous and this is because Americans are considering politics explicitly when determining where to live. Academics have since debated the degree to which this is a real phenomenon and, if it is, whether it has important normative implications. However, little empirical research has examined which factors turned some closely-contested counties into Republican enclaves and others into Democratic strongholds. Examining individual and aggregate data and employing a large number of statistical methods, George Hawley explores the increasing political homogenization of small geographic units and explains the causal mechanisms driving this phenomenon as well as its consequences for individual political attitudes and behavior among residents residing in these geographic units. He argues that some partisans are self-selecting into communities of likeminded partisans, causing some areas to become overwhelmingly Republican and others to become overwhelmingly Democratic. The book also notes that the migratory patterns of Republicans and Democrats differ in systematic ways for other reasons, due to the different demographic and economic characteristics of these partisan groups"--

This Handbook provides an overview of interdisciplinary research related to social choice and voting that is intended for a broad audience. Expert contributors from various fields present critical summaries of the existing literature, including intuitive explanations of technical terminology and well-known theorems, suggesting new directions for research. Each chapter presents an expository primer on a particular topic or theme within social choice, with the aim of making the material fully accessible to students and scholars in economics, political science, mathematics, philosophy, law and other fields of study. Topics covered include preference aggregation, voting rules, spatial models, methodology and empirical applications. Scholars, graduate students and even advanced undergraduates in a variety of disciplines will find this introductory and relatively non-technical book an indispensable addition to the field

"In recent years, political scientists and journalists have taken a great interest in the question of whether the American electorate is "sorting" into communities based on partisan affiliation. That is, there is concern that American communities are becoming increasingly politically homogenous and this is because Americans are considering politics explicitly when determining where to live. Academics have since debated the degree to which this is a real phenomenon and, if it is, whether it has important normative implications. However, little empirical research has examined which factors turned some closely-contested counties into Republican enclaves and others into Democratic strongholds. Examining individual and aggregate data and employing a large number of statistical methods, George Hawley explores the increasing political homogenization of small geographic units and explains the causal mechanisms driving this phenomenon as well as its consequences for individual political attitudes and behavior among residents residing in these geographic units. He argues that some partisans are self-selecting into communities of likeminded partisans, causing some areas to become overwhelmingly Republican and others to become overwhelmingly Democratic. The book also notes that the migratory patterns of Republicans and Democrats differ in systematic ways for other reasons, due to the different demographic and economic characteristics of these partisan groups"--

This book examines changes in voters' electoral choices over time and investigates how these changes are linked to a growth in instability. Ruth Dassonneville's core argument, supported by extensive empirical data, is that it is group-based cross-pressures that lead to instability in voters' choices.

"In this paper we address the following question: To what extent is the hypothesis that voters vote sincerely testable or falsifiable? We show that using data only on how individuals vote in a single election, the hypothesis that voters vote sincerely is irrefutable, regardless of the number of candidates competing in the election. On the other hand, using data on how the same individuals vote in multiple elections, the hypothesis that voters vote sincerely is potentially falsifiable, and we provide general conditions under which the hypothesis can be tested. We then consider an application of our theoretical framework and assess whether the behavior of voters is consistent with sincere voting in U.S. national elections in the post-war period. We find that by and large sincere voting can explain virtually all of the individual-level observations on voting behavior in presidential and congressional U.S. elections in the data"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site

Intro -- Inhaltsverzeichnis -- Tabellenverzeichnis -- Abbildungsverzeichnis -- Teil I Einleitung und Untersuchungsgegenstand -- Kapitel 1 Einleitung -- 1.1 Eingrenzung der Problemstellung -- 1.2 Wahlsoziologie als Anwendungsbeispiel -- 1.3 Aufbau und Gliederung -- Kapitel 2 Longitudinale Forschungsdesigns -- 2.1 Zum Begriff der longitudinalen Designs -- 2.2 Wandel als Ziel longitudinaler Forschungsdesigns -- 2.2.1 Zum Konzept des Wandels in den Sozialwissenschaften -- 2.2.2 Wandel aus verschiedenen Perspektiven -- 2.2.3 Randbedingungen von Wandel -- 2.2.4 Exkurs: Kausalität -- 2.3 Wiederholte Querschnitte und sozialer Wandel -- 2.4 Paneldesigns und individueller Wandel -- 2.5 Multiple Panels als Hybrid der klassischen Designs -- 2.5.1 Rezeption in der Literatur -- 2.5.2 Implikationen für das analytische Potential -- Teil II Simulationsstudie -- Kapitel 3 Konzept und Implementierung -- 3.1 Zum Einsatz von Simulationen -- 3.2 Design der Studie -- 3.2.1 Programmablaufplan -- 3.2.2 Parametrisierung der Population -- 3.3 Indikatoren des analytischen Potentials -- Kapitel 4 Ergebnisse -- 4.1 Repräsentation der Population nach Designs -- 4.2 Sozialer Wandel -- 4.2.1 Alterseffekte -- 4.2.2 Periodeneffekte -- 4.2.3 Kohorteneffekte -- 4.2.4 Kombinationen der Effekte -- 4.3 Individueller Wandel -- 4.3.1 Messung von individuellem Gesamtwandel -- 4.3.2 Alterseffekte -- 4.3.3 Periodeneffekte -- 4.3.4 Kohorteneffekte -- 4.3.5 Kombinationen der Effekte -- 4.4 Zusammenfassung -- Teil III Wandel am Beispiel der Wahlsoziologie -- Kapitel 5 Das Beispiel der Wahlsoziologie -- 5.1 Theoretische Ans¨atze der Wahlsoziologie -- 5.2 Anforderungen an Forschungsdesigns -- 5.3 Datenbest¨ande zur Analyse von Wandel -- Kapitel 6 Elektorate Elektorate als dynamische Populationen -- 6.1 Dynamik des deutschen Elektorats 1994-2009 -- 6.1.1 Veränderung der Zusammensetzung.

Ideology and Spatial Voting in American Elections addresses two core issues related to the foundations of democratic governance: how the political views of Americans are structured and how citizens' voting decisions relate to their ideological proximity to the candidates. Focusing on testing the assumptions and implications of spatial voting, this book connects the theory with empirical analysis of voter preferences and behavior, showing Americans cast their ballots largely in accordance with spatial voting theory. Stephen A. Jessee's research shows voters possess meaningful ideologies that structure their policy beliefs, moderated by partisanship and differing levels of political information. Jessee finds that while voters with lower levels of political information are more influenced by partisanship, independents and better informed partisans are able to form reasonably accurate perceptions of candidates' ideologies. His findings should reaffirm citizens' faith in the broad functioning of democratic elections