Voting Rights for Resident Aliens : Global Overview and Theoretical Issues ; El derecho de voto de los extranjeros: situación actual y fundamentos teóricos ; Le droit de vote des étrangers, état des lieux et fondements théoriques [Thèse 2006] ; Il diritto di voto degli stranieri, indagine e fondamen...
Date de rédaction : novembre 2006. Mention très honorable, avec les félicitations du jury, à l'unanimité. ; This thesis presents a data study (socio-demographic, legal and political) and a discussion on the fundamental theoretical challenges of the problem of the right to vote for foreigners. The research focuses on France, but a comparative study on the subject shows that at least a third of world governments have a practice for the right to vote for foreigners, and this practice can therefore no longer be considered as exceptional. Nevertheless, this practice is still limited, which demonstrates the resistance to the paradigm reserving the right to vote to State nationals. A detailed study of French law, its internal contradictions and the constitutional debates raised shows that the fundamental challenges are political in nature. The terms of the political debate are analysed using a historical approach and a study of both the arguments and a press corpus. A comparative view is also focused on the debate currently underway in the United States. On the whole, the analysis of the political debate on the right to vote for foreigners reveals the opposition between the principle of influence and closure on the one hand, and the principle of freedom and openness on the other.The theoretical discussion sets out the basic challenges of the problem as a contradiction between the principles of democracy and sovereignty. The conflict about the right to vote for foreigners, which is reflected in citizenship/nationality dialectics, is therefore interpreted as a confrontation between the political and police processes (Rancière). What is in play is not only the layout of the borders of the political community but the very design of that community and the politics.The question of foreigners voting, according to this view, is therefore constructed as a symptom of the crisis of the political model related to modern democratic States, i.e. a nerve centre where the principle of sovereignty contradicts with a substantial ...