Suchergebnisse

The main period of development of new territories of Western Siberia that located outside the borders of the Russian Empire falls on the period from the end of the 18th to the beginning of the 19th centuries. This is due to the Old Believers processes. It was found that the main reasons for the colonization of Western Siberia were: on the one hand, the resumption of repressive policies towards the Old Believers in Altai by the state and the official church, in connection with the transfer of the Kolyvan-Voskresensky factories under the control of the Cabinet; on the other hand, the creation of new dogmatics current of the Old Believers. The latter allowed the Old Believers to reconsider their attitude to historical events, power, and the sacraments of the church. Thus, in the study we identified three interrelated areas ofbespopov's thought: eschatology (the doctrine of the end of the world), ecclesiology (the doctrine of the church), soteriology (the doctrine of salvation). Having established that the confessional composition of the Old Believers, who were the founders of settlements in Western Siberia we came to the conclusion that the development of these territories took place for religious reasons.

AbstractThis paper aims to outline the origins and main dimensions of the Chinese immigrant communities which were established in the Russian heartland (Western Siberia) during the interwar period (1920s—1930s). It argues that Chinese – primarily male groups – had managed to adapt peacefully, though temporarily, into the local environment due their particular mentality and social features: they were often occupying free labour and demographic lacunae, caused by the losses of men in WWI/Russian civil war and devastation of economy/infrastructure. The growth of authoritarian tendencies under the Stalinist regime in Soviet Union, economic shortcomings and the ethnic purges of 1930s closed the agenda of Chinese presence in theWestern Siberian, aswell as in thewhole Soviet scene. Actually all persons of Chinese origin were accused of being 'outside' (Japan's) collaborators, and they were assassinated or, at best, forwarded to concentration camps. Just a few survived. The Chinese in Western Siberia represented a very particular socio-demographic and ethnical phenomenon, remarkably distinctive fromother similar, Russian Far East or worldwide, immigrant communities.

Scientists face with many limitations that affect the success of dendrochronological dating working with archaeological (architectural) sites in Western Siberia. Here we analysed 134 sites and carried out the existing limitations of the method in different natural areas. As a result, a connection between the efficiency of dendrochronological dating and the physical and geographical conditions of sites was found. Created algorithm allowed to assess the potential of dendrochronology for the forest-steppe, taiga and forest-tundra areas of Western Siberia. The scientific results presented in the article can be used to solve the problems of chronology and periodization of archaeological and architectural sites of Western Siberia, as well as to increase the overall efficiency of the application of the dendrochronological method.