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Scholars at War is the first scholarly publication to examine the effect World War II had on the careers of Australasian social scientists. It links a group of scholars through geography, transnational, national and personal scholarly networks, and shared intellectual traditions, explores their use, and contextualizes their experiences and contributions within wider examinations of the role of intellectuals in war. Scholars at War is structured around historical portraits of individual Australasian social scientists. They are not a tight group; rather a cohort of scholars serendipitously involved in and affected by war who share a point of origin. Analyzing practitioners of the social sciences during war brings to the fore specific networks, beliefs and institutions that transcend politically defined spaces. Individual lives help us to make sense of the historical process, helping us illuminate particular events and the larger cultural, social and even political processes of a moment in time.

Contributors include Peter Hempenstall, JD Legge, Jock Phillips, John Pomeroy, Cassandra Pybus, David Wetherell, Janet Wilson.

Contains a biography, originally prepared for Stefansson's Encyclopedia Arctica, of this British explorer: his early life, polar explorations and later government positions not related to the Arctic. His five northern expeditions are cited: that with Capt. John Ross in 1818, those he commanded in 1819-20, 1821-23, and 1824-25; his discoveries (several water bodies and islands) in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, and his last expedition, in 1827, an attempt to reach the North Pole over the pack or through open water from Spitsbergen.

Through the influence of John Barrow, ships and men left idle by the end of the Napoleonic Wars were engaged to seek a commercially viable Northwest Passage - a quest already 300 years old. This first expedition in two small ships, Isabella and Alexander, was disappointing, for Ross returned home to report that Lancaster Sound was landlocked. Some of his officers disagreed, Barrow remained unconvinced, and in the following year Parry, still only a lieutenant, was given command of a further expedition with the same objective. This expedition of 1819-20 set the pattern for arctic exploration for a generation. Parry, in the sturdy bomb-vessel Hecla with a smaller Griper as consort, sailed through Lancaster Sound and westward as far as 112 51 W, thus winning the 5000 Pound Sterling prize offered by Parliament for the first ship to pass 110 W within the Arctic Circle. He wintered at Melville Island, hoping to continue westward in the new season, but he was frustrated by pack ice. This was the first time ships of the Royal Navy had wintered in the Arctic, although whalers had sometimes spent the winter trapped in the ice of Davis Strait, and Parry's meticulous care of his men ensured that all came through safely. The expedition returned home with a mass of scientific data and aroused great popular enthusiasm. . In Parry's three major arctic voyages, many problems of northern exploration - health, clothing, boredom in the long winter nights - were solved. . In 1827, Parry made one more arctic voyage, over the ice from Spitsbergen in an attempt to reach the North Pole. He failed, of course, but his "farthest north" (82 43 32 N) stood for nearly 50 years. .

Few Western students of the Arab world are as well known as the 19th-century British scholar Edward William Lane (1801–76). During his long career, Lane produced a number of highly influential works:An Account of the Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians(1836), a translation ofThe Thousand and One Nights(1839–41),Selections from the Ḳur-án(1843), and theArabic–English Lexicon(1863–93). TheArabic–English Lexiconremains a pre-eminent work of its kind, andManners and Customs of the Modern Egyptiansis still a basic text for both Arab and Western students. Through his published work, Lane contributed substantially to the prevailing Western picture of the Arab world.

Despite the fact that it is widely established that the concept of race doesn't have a biological foundation, it is still discussed whether it might have a political and social meaning. A key elaboration of a possible non-biological use of this concept is the one of W. E. Du Bois, which we try to analyze in this paper. Thanks to recent theoretical formulation and reinterpretation of this author, we try to articulate Du Bois use of "race" following three axes (social ontology, subjection and subjectivation process). In conclusion we discuss a potential major critical issue in Du Bois's argument.