Suchergebnisse

Die Ankündigung Präsident El'cins vom Juli 1992, daß die ehemals sowjetischen Streitkräfte bis Mitte 1992 aus den baltischen Staaten abgezogen werden sollen, stellt einen Wendepunkt in der bisherigen Diskussion über den Abzug der Streitkräfte dar. Zuvor waren alle Forderungen Litauens nach einem Truppenabzug bis Ende 1992 von russischer Seite stets als unvollziehbar zurückgewiesen worden. (BIOst-Srt)

Hintergrundbericht zur israelischen Kabinettsentscheidung vom 14. Januar 1985 über den Abzug der israelischen Truppen aus dem Libanon in drei Phasen. (DÜI-Hns)

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- Christoph Meißner, Jörg Morré | Introduction -- The Context of the Withdrawals from East Central Europe -- Tim Geiger | Disarmament and the End of the Cold War -- Hans-Henning Schröder, Christoph Meißner | 'New Thinking' and its Effects on Soviet Foreign and Security Policy -- Markus Mirschel, Michael Galbas | War Returnees as Transformation Accelerators -- Christoph Meißner | The Search for a New Security Structure in Eastern Europe Through the Example of the Dissolution of the Soviet Army -- The Withdrawal of Soviet/Russian Forces from Germany -- Matthias Uhl | The Armed Forces in Germany in the Changed Soviet Defence Strategy Under Gorbachev -- Alexei Sindeyev | The Withdrawal of Soviet Troops from Germany -- Christoph Meißner | The Withdrawal of the Western Group of Forces from Germany -- Christoph Lorke | Shaping and Negotiating the Withdrawal -- Sascha Gunold | 'Withdrawal Under Observation' -- Markus Hennen | Conversion in Germany Through the Example of the Federal State of Brandenburg -- The Withdrawal of Soviet/Russian Forces from East Central Europe -- Dávid Kiss | The Withdrawal of Soviet Troops from Hungary and Hungarian Security Relations -- Barnabás Vajda | The Soviet Army Stationing and its Legacy in Czechoslovakia and at Fortress Komárno -- Agnieszka Kastory | International Aspects of the Withdrawal of Soviet Troops from Poland and Germany -- The Withdrawal of Russian Forces from States of the Former Soviet Union -- Sophie Momzikoff | International Aspects of the Russian Troops' Withdrawal from the Baltics -- Dovilė Jakniūnaitė, Valentinas Beržiūnas | Russia and the Baltic States after Regaining Independence -- David Darchiashvili, Michael Machavariani | The Empire Fights Back.

The intensification of the armed conflict in Afghanistan in connection with the withdrawal of US troops and its allies and coming to power in Kabul of the radical Taliban movement (terrorist organization banned in Russia) creates security challenges for the post-Soviet states of Central Asia. These challenges can be characterized as "new old" challenges, since the countries of the region have faced them in one way or another in the past decades. Nevertheless, the seizure of power in this country by the Taliban and the consolidation of the Taliban along the borders of the Central Asian countries, provoked by the withdrawal of foreign military contingents from Afghanistan, create a number of risks for neighboring states (problems of border security, danger of growing extremist sentiments, drug trafficking and other types of smuggling, refugee problem, etc.).

This paper researches how and why the decision to withdraw Spanish troops from Iraq between March and April 2004 was taken. The new Spanish president, José Luís Rodríguez Zapatero, took this decision in the period between the day after his electoral victory, on 14 March, and the day that his government took office, on 18 April. The decision was made possible by the previous work of informal diplomacy carried out by Zapatero's future minister of defence, José Bono, and his future minister of foreign affairs, Miguel Ángel Moratinos, who were holding discreet contacts with several international leaders of the military coalition present at the time in Iraq. This fact had a strong impact on the prestige of the new government in the eyes of Spanish public opinion and on the strengthening of alliances with European countries opposed to the invasion. On the contrary, it brought Spain to have one of the worst relations periods of all times with the US administration.