Discuss the most common care practices reported by the women assisted by traditional birth attendants at home. Methods: This is a qualitative research methodology to be used as History Thematic Oral - HOT. Results: Show that their experience in collaborative assisted by midwife traditional is a feeling of safety, shelter, where the family environment provides comfort and safety for pregnant women, beyond autonomy in choosing how to make your child, since they assume their role as protagonists of this process. Conclusion: Soon, we realized the need to add scientific knowledge with popular, combining technology with the experience of living, contributing to a reflection in search of new meanings in this special moment of giving birth.
This text presents a reading about the presence of women in theEscola Normal de Caetité, Bahia, Brazil (1898-1943) in an effort to break with narratives, in school legislation and curricula, which describe them as submissive teachers, executing tasks prescribed by men. When resuming documents from the Municipal Public Archive, from theEscola Normal de Caetitéand from retired teachers in a historical-discursive path located in gender studies, which involved reading copies of theJornal A Pennaand of photographs, the text problematizes policies of silencing in two temporalities, that of the documents of the period 1898-1943 and that of the archives that organize the narratives of the Normal School in the present time, to bring out experiences of protagonism of women in the teaching profession. This period marks the beginning of teacher training in Caetité and extends till the end of the activities ofJornal A Penna, one of the sources of this study. The educational scenes that the documents in the archives reveal allow us to affirm that the Escola Normal emerged sexist, classist and racist as a symptom of a State constituted in these same nuances. To exist as a woman and as a black woman meant resisting different oppressions. It concludes by arguing that the creative ways of the women of theEscola Normal de Caetitécontributed to resist the silencing policies of the Upper Sertão region of Bahia from the second half of the 20th century and should appear in the local archives as a condition of possibility for textual productions sustaining forms of protagonism marked by gendered and racialized experiences. ; Este texto apresenta uma leitura acerca da presença das mulheres na Escola Normal de Caetité, Bahia- Brasil (1898-1943), em um esforço de romper com narrativas, em legislações e currículos escolares, que as descrevem como professoras submissas, executoras de tarefas prescritas por homens. Ao retomar documentos do Arquivo Público Municipal, da Escola Normal de Caetité e de professoras aposentadas em um percurso histórico-discursivo situado nos estudos de gênero, que envolveu leituras de exemplares doJornal A Pennae de fotografias, o texto problematiza políticas de silenciamento em duas temporalidades, a dos documentos do período 1898-1943 e a dos arquivos que organizam as narrativas da Escola Normal no tempo presente, para fazer aparecer experiências de protagonismo de mulheres no magistério. Tal período marca o início da formação de professores na referida cidade e estende-se até o fim das atividades doJornal A Penna, uma das fontes deste estudo. As cenas educacionais que os documentos dos arquivos fazem aparecer permitem afirmar que a Escola Normal emergiu sexista, classista e racista como sintoma de um Estado constituído nesses mesmos matizes. Existir como mulher e como mulher negra significou resistir às diversas opressões. Conclui-se argumentando que modos criativos das mulheres da Escola Normal de Caetité contribuíram para resistir às políticas de silenciamento do alto sertão da Bahia a partir da segunda metade do século XX e devem aparecer nos acervos dos arquivos locais como condição de possibilidade para produções textuais que sustentem protagonismos marcados por experiências generificadas e racializadas.
Objective: to know histories resilientes of frequentadoras women of the wheels of Terapia Comunitária Sistêmica Integrativa (TC). Methods: To take care of to the considered objectives, we use the method of Verbal History. The study it was developed with 7 collaborators of the TC wheels, in the community Park of the Sun. Results: When analyzing the empirical material, we construct three thematic axles: the TC space of allotment and wakening of the resilience, resources of imaginary in the process resiliente and Resilience: the force constructed with the life. The TC emerged as a source of awaking of the resilience capacity. Conclusions: Histories assist to see that we are capable to surpass the suffering with the exercise of the resilience, concept that can be significant for the redimensionamento of the research in the field of the communitarian health, mental health and in the field of the nursing, contributing for reflections on education, research and extension.
The accelerated growth of the Brazilian prison population in recent years arouses attention to public policies aimed at recovery and rehabilitation of inmates. The objective of this article is to analyze prison practices related to constitution of the subjectivity and the forms of resistance to this constitution by incarcerated women who participate in the rehabilitation program, using the concept of dispositive as a guide for this analysis. Interviews were carried out with 36 inmates in a Women's Penitentiary enrolled in the labor rehabilitation program. The data were produced through interviews and the study used the discourse analysis developed by Michel Foucault, seeking to analyze the practices and the economic and political functions manifest in the discourses of the incarcerated women and how these functions act in their subjective and identity construction. ; El crecimiento acelerado de la población carcelaria brasileña en los últimos años despierta atención a las políticas públicas dirigidas a la recuperación y resocialización de los presidiarios. Así, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar las prácticas penitenciarias relacionadas con la constitución del sujeto delincuente y las formas de resistencia a esta constitución por mujeres encarceladas que participan en el programa de resocialización por el trabajo, recurriendo al concepto de dispositivo como principal orientador de este análisis. Para ello se entrevistó a 36 internas de una determinada penitenciaría femenina. Los datos, producidos por medio de entrevistas, se sometieron al análisis de discurso desarrollado por Michel Foucault, buscando con ello analizar las prácticas, funciones económicas y políticas manifestadas en los discursos de las presas y cómo ellas actúan en la constitución subjetiva y de la identidad de dichas mujeres. ; Nos últimos anos, o acelerado crescimento da população carcerária brasileira desperta atenção para as políticas públicas voltadas à recuperação e ressocialização de apenados. Assim, adotando o conceito de dispositivo como norteador, este artigo analisa as práticas prisionais relacionadas à constituição do sujeito delinquente e as formas de resistência a essa constituição por mulheres encarceradas que participam do programa de ressocialização pelo trabalho. Foram entrevistadas 36 internas de uma penitenciária feminina localizada na Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória. Os dados, produzidos por meio de entrevistas, foram submetidos à análise do discurso proposta por Michel Foucault, enfocando as práticas, funções econômicas e políticas manifestas nos discursos das presas e como elas atuam na constituição subjetiva e identitária dessas mulheres.
pesquisa qualitativa realizada com três mulheres negras vítimas de violência doméstica procurou verificar, por meio de entrevistas, se existiram inscrições da introjeção do ideal de brancura em suas subjetividades e avaliar em que contextos apareceram o racismo e a violência doméstica em suas vidas. A importância desse tipo de estudo está em destacar a existência do mito da democracia racial no Brasil, em sua face perversa, ao demonstrar como o ideal de ego de brancura é veiculado inconscientemente por meio da ideologia como forma de subalternizar o grupo étnico-racial negro ao dominante. Coloca-se em destaque o alto índice de violência doméstica contra mulheres negras e a urgência de políticas públicas para a prevenção desses crimes e proteção às vítimas. ; This qualitative research study, which involved interviews with black women victims of domestic violence, was aimed at verifying if there were any inscriptions of the ideal of whiteness introjected in their subjectivities and at evaluating the contexts in which racism and domestic violence appear in their lives. The importance of this type of study is in highlighting the existence of the myth of racial democracy in Brazil, in its perverse face, by showing how the ego ideal of whiteness is propagated unconsciously through ideology as a way of subjugating the black racial-ethnic group to the dominant one. The study emphasizes the high rate of domestic violence against black women and the urgency of public policies for the prevention of these crimes and the protection of the victims.
ABSTRACT Introduction: The article presents a historical analysis of the participation of women in Portuguese politics and reveals the positive effects of the introduction of the parity law in 2006. In the 2015 national elections, for the first time one third of the elected the Members of the Portuguese Parliament were women. However, in municipalities there is still a long way to go to reach this level of female political representation. Does the political system limit women's access only to elected positions? Thus, important questions remain: why are women still a minority in local politics? What obstacles do they encounter? And what can be done to improve the situation? Materials and Methods: For this investigation, data were collected on the electronic pages of municipalities and political parties, as well as in the press, to monitor the evolution of the presence of women in Portuguese local government, initially as members of the administrative commissions appointed to manage municipal councils from 1974 to the first elections that took place on December 12, 1976 and then as elected representatives from 1976 to the latest 2017 local elections, comparing this level with central government. Results: The study of this group reveals higher educational levels and more specialized jobs among women than among men, particularly in teaching and management. There is also discussion of partisan membership and it is revealed that left-wing parties invest more in women for local government than do right-wing parties. Discussion: Although four decades have passed since the democratic regime was established, the representation of women in politics is still incipient. We present some examples of policy actions that can encourage the presence of women in local government and increase their role as active citizens.
Analyses the lives and livelihoods of the female cashew shellers in Mozambique's capital in the colonial era, during which the industry grew to be a major export, and relates how the women played a fundamental, but previously underappreciated, role in the colony's economy. JOINT RUNNER-UP FOR THE 2017 AIDOO-SNYDER BOOK PRIZE Between the late 1940s and independence in 1975, rural Mozambican women migrated to the capital, Lourenço Marques, to find employment in the cashew shelling industry.This book tells the labour and social history of what became Mozambique's most important late colonial era industry through the oral history and songs of three generations of the workforce. In the 1950s Jiva Jamal Tharani recruited a largely female labour force and inaugurated industrial cashew shelling in the Chamanculo neighbourhood. Seasonal cashew brews had long been an essential component of the region's household, gift and informal economies, but bythe 1970s cashew exports comprised the largest share of the colony's foreign exchange earnings. This book demonstrates that Mozambique's cashew economy depended fundamentally on women's work and should be understood as "whole cloth". Drawing on over 100 interviews, the rich narratives convey layered histories: the rural crises that triggered the flight of women, their lives as factory workers, widespread payment and wage fraud, the formation of innovative urban families, and the health costs that all African families paid for municipal neglect of their neighbourhoods. Jeanne Marie Penvenne is Professor of History, and core faculty in International Relations, Africana and Women, and Gender and Sexuality Studies at Tufts University.. She is the author of the Herskovits shortlisted African Workers and Colonial Racism (James Currey/Heinemann, 1995)
The gothic is a poetics in constant mutation that, through imagination, thematizes fears, anxieties and the priorities of a historic time. These are the images that involve the female characters in Patrícia Melo's novel, Mulheres empilhadas. They inhabit the locus of a dystopian curse, as victims of crimes, sexual violence and the very erasure of their lives. Merging reality and fiction, Melo brings a dystopian narrative to the realm of the gothic poetics, in which imagination manifests itself by means of discrimination of politics, of religion, and of gender. Such power regimes generate fear and insecurity as means of control, thus, turning societies into dystopian models of aggression. ; A Revolta das Mulheres Sacrificadas O gótico é uma poética em constante mutação que, através da imaginação, explora como temas os medos, as ansiedades, as prioridades de um tempo histórico. São essas imagens que envolvem as personagens femininas do romance de Patrícia Melo, Mulheres empilhadas. E é o lugar da maldição distópica que elas habitam, vítimas dos crimes, das violências sexuais e do apagamento de suas vidas. Trata-se de uma narrativa distópica, que mescla realidade e ficção e se inscreve no âmbito da poética gótica, explorando questões como discriminações políticas, religiosas e de gênero.
Objective: to describe the expectations of pregnant women for childbirth, their fears and anxieties. The activities those they develop to reduce anxiety and family participation. Method: Search descriptive qualitative approach performed in a Basic Health Unit (BHU) in the city of Uberaba MG, with 15 pregnant women. The research project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM) Uberaba MG, under protocol # 1778. Results: Four categories emerged: fear and anxiety, congenital malformation, baby layette and participation of the husband and the mother. Conclusion: We conclude the increasing need for actions to promote health and prevent complications in pregnant women, as well as groups and call for inquiries and planning delivery and postpartum.
This article presents a critical overview of theories and practices that aim to enhance black women's health focusing on the concept of resilience. Beyond the academic literature, mostly from Pyschology, this text mobilizes different sources about racial relations, including the social movement production. Black women are exposed to human rights deprivation, to the inefficency of governmental programs that should guarantee the right to education and to comprehensive health care, among others. They are also frequently exposed to racism and sexism that affect their health. The concept of "resilience as a process" adopted in this article, a result of both the critical reflection on the literature and of research data, supports the adoption of a psychosocial approach resulting from vulnerabilities analysis integrated to a human rights based framework. The conclusion calls for initiatives that include the practical knowledge of black women and for valuing their collective and transgenerational experiences that has supported the overcome of their exposure to extreme vulnerable contexts, experiences that enhanced their processes of resilience. In this perspective, there is a need to consider not only black women's assistance and individual care but also their different experiences of belongingness, their trajectories, their networks, communities and territories. ; Este artigo apresenta uma revisão crítica de teorias, técnicas e práticas que visam a potencialização da saúde de mulheres negras com foco em concepções sobre resiliência. Além da literatura acadêmica, em especial da psicologia, o texto mobiliza diferentes fontes sobre relações raciais, inclusive a produção do movimento social. Mulheres negras estão expostas à privação de direitos humanos, à ineficiência dos programas de governo na garantia do direito à educação e à saúde integral, entre outros. Estão também expostas à incidência frequente do racismo e do sexismo, que se traduzem em prejuízos à sua saúde. A concepção processual de resiliência adotada neste artigo, que resulta tanto da reflexão crítica sobre a literatura como de resultados de pesquisa apresentados, fortalece a adoção de uma perspectiva psicossocial, resultante da análise das vulnerabilidades integrada ao quadro dos direitos humanos. Conclui-se pela produtividade de iniciativas que incluam a sabedoria prática das mulheres negras e a valorização de experiências coletivas e transgeracionais que as apoiam para superar os contextos de alta vulnerabilidade a que estão expostas, estimulando a potencialização de processos de resiliência. Nessa perspectiva será necessário considerar não apenas o acolhimento das mulheres negras, mas também suas experiências e instâncias de pertencimento, suas trajetórias, suas redes, comunidades e territórios.
