Suchergebnisse
Filter
23 Ergebnisse
Sortierung:
Концепт "женщина" в мировой культуре
In: Traektoriâ nauki: international electronic scientific journal = Path of science, Band 8, Heft 1, S. 6001-6005
ISSN: 2413-9009
This article is devoted to the concept of "woman" in world culture. The study examines the icons of the female image in different cultures of the peoples of the world. In a world where there is no science, the biological characteristics of a woman, many aspects of the relationship between men and women remain in the dark, behind a screen of shyness. However, as the scientific way of thinking spreads in a culture, untimely constraints decrease. From this point of view, the topic of this study is still relevant for cultural consideration. It also addresses the issue of female semiosis in world culture.
Стигматизация участия женщин в политике современной России ; Stigmatisation of Women's Participation in Politics
Данная статья посвящена стигматизации женщин в политике. В работе авторы рассматривают процессы стигматизации, востребованные социальной и политической практикой. В частности, отмечается, что низкий уровень политического участия женщин может объясняться стигмами, которые прочно вошли в общественное сознание. Авторы рассматривают стигму как символическую форму статуса человека и любого политического субъекта во взаимодействии. На основе анализа полоролевых, гендерных, феминистских теорий исследователи указывают, что в основе стигматизации лежит социальное неравенство. Отмечается, что процесс стигматизации в политике имеет ряд этапов: подготовительный (анализ ситуации), начальный (выделение объекта внимания и поиск инструментов стигматизации), основной (формирование предубеждений, понижение статусных возможностей объекта стигматизации), завершающий (солидаризация сторонников и контроль). Стигматизация в публичной политике может выполнять ряд функций, к которым отнесены: ориентирующая (позволяющая опознавать субъектов политического пространства); инструментальная (с помощью которой стигмы играют роль способов принуждения и наказания в процессе политической борьбы); упорядочивающая (обеспечивающая социальный контроль и порядок в обществе). Авторы отмечают, что стигматизация формального политического участия женщин приводит к созданию ими неформальных каналов влияния: распространение слухов и формирование общественного мнения; продвижение/препятствие политической карьере мужчин; вступление в брак и пр. Исследователи также указывают на социальные последствия стигматизации, к которым они относят целый ряд форм девиантных взаимодействий как в социальной и политической сфере, так и в поведении конкретных политических субъектов. ; This article studies the stigmatisation of women in politics. The authors consider the processes of stigmatisation, claimed by social and political practice. In particular, the low level of political participation of women can be explained by stigmas that have firmly entered the public consciousness. The authors consider stigma as a symbolic form of the status of a person and any political subject in interaction. On the basis of the analysis of gender, gender, feminist theories, researchers point out that social inequality, which is fixed in the status — hierarchical division of society, in the contradictory nature of the interests and nature of social ties and relations, is objectively becoming a source of stigmatisation. The process of stigmatisation in politics has a number of stages: preparatory (analysis of the situation), initial (highlighting the object of attention and searching for stigmatization tools), the main one (the formation of prejudices, the lowering of status opportunities for the stigmatization object), and the finalisation (support solidarity and control). Stigmatisation in public policy can perform a number of functions, which include orienting (allowing to identify subjects of the political space), instrumental (stigmas as tools of suppression and punishment in tactics of interaction with rivals, opponents), and ordering (providing social control and order in society). The authors note that the stigmatisation of women's formal political participation leads to the creation of effective informal channels of influence: the dissemination of rumours and the formation of public opinion, the promotion/hindrance of the political career of men; marriage, etc. Researchers point to the social consequences of stigmatisation, to which they refer the violation of the principles of social and political interaction (humanism, tolerance, justice, and mutual benefit) and the strengthening of deviance in the behavioural style of political subjects.
BASE
Gender asymmetry in the playing space: theoretical reflection and model for the analysis
In: Modern Research of Social Problems, Heft 1
The article analyzed the formation of social space in gaming practices in terms of gender asymmetry, we study the influence of these particular types of toys to the social space. As a basic model of the game, we consider Irwin Hoffman's frame model.
Social representations of Russian and Byelorussians about man's roles depending on communication with psychological measurements of culture
In: Modern Research of Social Problems, Heft 2
Given article is devoted the analysis of social representations of young men about man's roles. On sample of Russian and Byelorussians (334 persons) by means of a scale of cultural values (G.Hofstede) and the modified variant of a technique «Semantic differential» directed on studying of representations of young men about traditional man's roles (the getter, the defender, the professional figure, the head of the family, the husband, the father), social representations about man's roles depending on psychological measurements of culture on G.Hovstede are considered. As a result the personal characteristics attributed traditional man's roles in Russian and Belarus cultures are allocated. Are revealed as cultural – specific, and the general social representations of Russian and Byelorussians about the maintenance of man's roles. The received results can be used at carrying out of psychotherapy and the personal consultations connected with questions of mutual relation of floors, gender and family conflicts, crises masculinity, and as for working out training programs in the field of intercultural interaction.
The women's diplomacy in 16th century France: the example of Louise of Savoy. ; Женская дипломатия во Франции XVI в.: пример Луизы Савойской
This article is dedicated to researching the women's diplomacy in France in the first half of the XVI century from the perspective of gender history. Despite the fact that ambassadorial offices were mostly occupied by men, women could still perform as diplomats both officially and informally. The image of a woman as a politician is revealed on the example of diplomatic activity of Duchess of Angoulme Louise de Savoy, mother of Francis I de Valois. The article determines her position among the power elites from contemporaries' point of view. The article also reveals the role of a high-ranking lady in exercising diplomatic functions and highlights the features of the official correspondence form of the king's mother. The main directions of foreign policy during the regencies of Louise of Savoy are determined. The role of royal women in exercising diplomatic functions in relation to the political aspects of making the Ladies' Peace in 1529 in Cambrai is considered. The author concludes that personality factors, political authority and personal relations played a major role in women's diplomatic work. In the conditions of instability of the French crown, Louise of Savoy manages to avoid the political and economic crisis in the country and create a unique precedent in the sphere of foreign affairs. This allowed her successors to expand diplomatic networks further by continuously conducting correspondence. Apart from concluding traditional dynastic alliances, diplomatic activity included negotiations, carried out by ladies either through trusted ambassadors or in person, signing peace agreements, and forming their own female diplomatic clientele. ; Настоящая статья посвящена изучению женской дипломатии во Франции первой половины XVI в. с точки зрения гендерной истории. Несмотря на то что посольские должности были монополизированы мужчинами, женщины все же могли принимать участие во внешней политике как официально, так и неофициально. На примере дипломатической деятельности герцогини Ангулемской Луизы Савойской, матери короля Франциска I де Валуа, раскрывается образ женщины как политика ренессансной эпохи, определяется ее место во властной структуре в представлении современников. В статье также выявляется роль высокопоставленной дамы в ведении дипломатических практик, выделяются особенности формуляра официальной корреспонденции матери короля. Определяются основные направления внешней политики в периоды регентств Луизы Савойской, рассматриваются конкретные политические аспекты заключения Дамского мира в Камбре 1529 г. Автор делает вывод, что в женской дипломатической работе главную роль играл персональный фактор, наличие политического веса и связей с определенной группой лиц. В условиях нестабильности французской короны Луизе Савойской удается избежать политического и экономического кризиса в стране и создать уникальный прецедент внешнеполитической активности, что позволило ее преемницам в дальнейшем раскинуть более широкие дипломатические сети путем беспрерывного ведения переписки. Помимо заключения традиционных династических союзов, к дипломатическим практикам добавляется ведение дамами переговоров как опосредованно через доверенных послов, так и непосредственно лично, подписание мирных соглашений и формирование собственной женской дипломатической клиентелы.
BASE
Neplnohodnotné matky? Imperatív dobrej matky a participácia matiek maloletých detí na trhu práce
In: Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review, Band 45, Heft 1
Numerous studies have confi rmed that caring for small children is still the domain of women in Slovakia. Maternity as such is considered the natural and expected role of women and is part of the construction of femininity in Slovak society. At the same time, it is expected and routine that Slovak women participate in the labour market, and the prevailing form of employment is full-time work. This complicates efforts to harmonise work with the need to care for a small child. It is not just the country's legislative and institutional framework that shape notions about caring for small children; they are also influenced by the views and attitudes of society towards this issue. The image of a good mother is constructed, and women then try to approximate it when performing their maternal role. The prevailing ideal is of a mother who devotes herself full-time to caring for a child for the first three years of the child's life. The author of this article focuses on the context surrounding the construction of the image of a good mother as one who cares for her child until the age of three, and examines how the image of the good mother is reflected in the opinions of women on returning to work and on work/life balance. The data in this analysis are drawn from public opinion polls about early childcare and the reality of caring for small children in Slovakia and from in-depth interviews with mothers of small children. The mothers are aware of the views of society, refl ect on them, and many try to fulfil them so that they are perceived as 'good' and not 'inadequate' mothers.
The monthly magazine «Praca Kobiet» about the activities of organizations related to the Women's International Democratic Federation (March – December 1946)
In: Žurnal Belorusskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta: Časopis Belaruskaha Dzjaržaŭnaha Ŭniversitėta = Journal of the Belarusian State University. Istorija = Historyja = History, Heft 2, S. 71-83
ISSN: 2617-4006
The research on women's history presented in this publication supplements the gap existing in polish historiography. The gap includes not only knowledge about the activities of women's organizations associated in the Women's International Democratic Federation (including the polish Social-Civic League of Women). The same applies to the assessment of the role of women in political, social and cultural changes taking place in Poland (and in the world) in the first years after the end of World War II. The main purpose of this publication is to show the historical conditions of the activities of the Social-Civic League of Women, as well as similar organizations in other European, African and North American countries. The basic source used in the research process is the monthly «Praca Kobiet» (and additionally the periodical «Nasza Praca»). The work uses a methodology typical for studies based on press sources. Their list includes the following methods: analytical-empirical, deductive-nomological, deductive-hypothetical and classical method of content analysis. The effect of the undertaken research is to establish that the information articles on the activities of organizations associated in the Women's International Democratic Federation published on the pages of the «Praca Kobiet» monthly were in fact agitation and propaganda. The polish feminist press manipulated facts and thus influenced the formation of pro-communist and anti-Western views of women. The topic is not exhausted and needs to be continued. Further research will require a wider use of press sources not only from Poland, but also from other countries.
Does Russia need gender equality officers?
In: Ženščina v rossijskom obščestve: rossijskij naučnyj žurnal = Women in Russian society, Heft 3, S. 58-65
The paper identifies the reasons for the lack of the gender equality officer in the Russian Federation against the background of the Nordic countries and Germany experience and conditions for the establishment of the gender equality in Europe. Using gender approach the political and cultural situation of the Russian society is analyzed and the ways to solve the problem are suggested.
Gender asymmetry in politics: regional aspect
In: Гендерные стереотипы в современной России, S. 275-291
This paper analyzes the features of formation of the deputy corps of the representative bodies in Tatarstan with an emphasis on gender. In the focus of the study were the election campaign of the President of Tatarstan and the federal, regional and local elections. The conclusion is made about a not enough developed gender-sensitive policy in the republic.
Оксана Красильникова; Красильникова, Оксана
Relationship of physical development and sexual dimorphism with adaptive capabilities youth
In: Modern Research of Social Problems, Heft 1
Based on anthropometric and functional studies of sexual dimorphism, physical
development, the vegetative nervous system tone and its reactivity in 304 boys in
Krasnoyarsk, found that young men of Krasnoyarsk have for the most part moderate
and mild symptoms of the body structure of the opposite sex and the indices sexual
dimorphism are ginekomorfnomu and mesomorphic body types (92,3%). Among these
types, about 63% of boys ginekomorfnogo type and 47,4% of boys have mesomorphic
type somatic criteria evnuhoidizme. Boys ginekomorfnogo body type have obvious
signs of gracilization and include a 84,6% to asthenic somatotype.
A total mass of the young men observed the predominance of sympathetic tone
and an acceptable adaptation (63,42%), stress adaptation mechanisms (36,58%).
Анализ гендерных различий в показателях ожидаемой продолжительности жизни и роль индивидуальных ценностных ориентаций
This paper presents the results of a study of the links between the gender gap in life expectancy, on the one hand, and differences in value attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle between men and women, on the other.
Rod vo vede: teoretické perspektívy a ich uplatnenie vo výskume
In: Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review, Band 45, Heft 4
The objective of this article is to show how issues concerning women in science and the problem of gendered science, often treated separately, are interconnected. To examine how research on women in science and research on gender and science relate to each other, some feminist epistemological perspectives, mainly feminist contextual empiricism, are used in order to show how the feminist philosophical conceptual framework may be useful for understanding the problems currently faced by women in science. After reflecting and elaborating on the very thesis of gendered science, the author analyses in more detail the concept of epistemic communities and the concept of trust as an epistemic factor. Through these concepts the author argues that philosophical/epistemological considerations are fruitful for studying the experience of individual women in science. Both of these interrelated concepts are considered highly relevant in the search for an epistemological framework facilitating the thematic study of women in science on a theoretical level and research on the current situation of women in the academic world in Slovakia.